SEBUAH CATATAN ATAS ANALISIS EKONOMI FERTILITAS MODEL BECKER
Iswardono S. Permono(1*)
(1) Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Kepustakaan yang menganalisis masalah fertilitas, baik di negara maju maupun di negara berkembang sudah sangat banyak. Berbagai kepustakaan itu menyebutkan beberapa faktor yang bersifat kompleks yang mempengaruhi fertilitas. Hal ini disebabkan oleh banyaknya faktor seperti biologi, sosial, psikologi dan ekonomi yang mempengaruhi perilaku manusia.
Dari berbagai kepustakaan tersebut, pendekatan terhadap fertilitas dapat
dikelompokkan ke dalam beberapa model sebagai berikut: (1) Model Sosio-Demografis, (2) Model Becker (Ekonomi Rumah Tangga), (3) Model Leibenstein, (4) Model Easterlin, (5) Model Caldwell, (6) Model Sosio-Psikologis, (7) Model Strukturalis, dan (8) Model "Threshold".
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Becker, G.S., "An Economic Analysis of Fertility", dalam Demographic and Economic Change in Developed Countries, NBER Princeton University Press, 1960, hal. 209-231. ______, "A Theory of the Allocation of Time", Economic Journal, 75 (299), September 1965, hal. 493-517. Willis, RJ, "A New Approach to the Economic Theory of Fertility Behavior", Journal of Political Economy, 81 (2), Maret/April 1973. Schultz, T.P., "Determinants of Fertility: A Micro-Economic Model of Choice" dalam A.J. Coale (ed) Economic Factors in Population Growth, International Economic Association, 1976, hal. 89-124. Nerlove, M., "Household and Economy: Towards a New Theory of Population and Economic Growth", Journal of Political Economy, 82 (2), Part II, Maret/April, 1974.
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