Studi Mutu Kayu Jati di Hutan Rakyat Gunungkidul IV. Sifat Mekanika Kayu

https://doi.org/10.22146/jik.10197

Sri Nugroho Marsoem(1*), Vendy Eko Prasetyo(2), Joko Sulistyo(3), Sudaryono Sudaryono(4), Ganis Lukmandaru(5)

(1) Bagian Teknologi Hasil Hutan, Fakultas Kehutanan, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jl. Agro No 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman 55281
(2) Bagian Teknologi Hasil Hutan, Fakultas Kehutanan, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jl. Agro No 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman 55281
(3) Bagian Teknologi Hasil Hutan, Fakultas Kehutanan, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jl. Agro No 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman 55281
(4) Bagian Teknologi Hasil Hutan, Fakultas Kehutanan, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jl. Agro No 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman 55281
(5) Bagian Teknologi Hasil Hutan, Fakultas Kehutanan, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jl. Agro No 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman 55281
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Sifat mekanika dari kayu gergajian adalah persyaratan terpenting dalam banyak penerapan khususnya untuk keperluan konstruksi. Paper ini merupakan lanjutan dari penelitian sifat fisika kayu di tiga tempat tumbuh (Panggang, Playen, Nglipar) hutan rakyat Kabupaten Gunungkidul. Pengujian sifat mekanika dilakukan mengacu pada British Standards 373:57. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kayu yang diteliti termasuk dalam kelas kuat II-III. Dari perhitungan analisis varian, tempat tumbuh berpengaruh nyata pada modulus patah (MoR) keteguhan lengkung statik, keteguhan tekan tegak lurus serat maksimum, keteguhan geser, dan kekerasan. Secara keseluruhan, kecuali untuk nilai MoR, sampel kayu dari Nglipar memberikan nilai kekuatan yang lebih tinggi. Pengaruh arah aksial dan radial pohon secara umum tidak begitu terlihat pada semua parameter kekuatan kecuali di keteguhan belah. Meskipun berkorelasi secara linier, hanya korelasi moderat yang diamati dari hubungan sifat mekanika (MoR/keteguhan geser) dan kerapatan dasar. Tidak ada korelasi nyata antara kerapatan dasar dan modulus elastisitas keteguhan lengkung statik serta antara kerapatan dasar dan keteguhan tekan sejajar serat maksimum.

Kata kunci: Tectona grandis, sifat mekanika, kerapatan dasar, hutan rakyat, Gunungkidul.

 

A study of teak wood quality from community forests in Gunungkidul  IV. Mechanical Properties

Abstract

Mechanical properties of sawn timber are the most important characteristics in many applications, particularly for structural timber. The previous paper in this series reported on the physical properties of teak trees at different sites (Panggang, Playen, Nglipar) from community forests in Gunungkidul regency. In this study, the mechanical properties were evaluated according to British Standards 373:57. The results showed that the timber were classified in the II-III of strength class. By analysis of variance, site factor affected the values of modulus of rupture (MoR) in statical bending strength, maximum compression perpendicular to grain strength, shear strength and hardness. In general, except for MoR, the wood samples from Nglipar gave higher strength levels. Except for cleavage strength, the effects of the axial and radial position of the tree on mechanical properties were mostly negligible. Although linearly related, only modest correlations were observed between the mechanical parameters (MoR/shear strength) and basic density. No significant correlation was found between the values of basic density and modulus of elasticity of static bending strength as well as between basic density and the strength of maximum compression parallel to grain.


Keywords


Tectona grandis; mechanical properties; basic density; community forest; Gunungkidul

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jik.10197

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