Potensi Perhutanan Sosial dalam Meningkatkan Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Restorasi Gambut
![](/public/site/images/admin/icons/icon-doi.png)
Haris Gunawan(1*), Dian Afriyanti(2)
(1) Badan Restorasi Gambut, Republik Indonesia
(2) Badan Restorasi Gambut, Republik Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Pengelolaan lahan gambut berkelanjutan diupayakan dengan restorasi lahan gambut untuk mempercepat pemulihan fungsi ekosistem rawa gambut pada satu kesatuan hidrologis gambut dan untuk perlindungan dan pengaturan tata air alaminya. Kajian ini mengobservasi potensi skema perhutanan sosial sebagai salah satu strategi merestorasi lahan gambut dengan mencermati kebijakan praktik (lokal) di masyarakat, potensi keekonomian dan kawasan yang berpotensi. Kajian ini berdasarkan desk study, pencermatan terhadap hasil penelitian mitra penelitian Deputi Penelitian dan Pengembangan Badan Restorasi Gambut, khususnya terkait paludikultur yang dikategorikan sebagai studi kasus yang memungkinkan bagi perhutanan sosial, juga dilaksanakan observasi lapangan untuk pendalaman studi kasus. Kajian ini memdapatkan gambaran bahwa PP No. 57/2016 dapat mendukung sinergi dengan konsep perhutanan sosial. Beberapa praktik (lokal) memungkinkan partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan lahan gambut dengan mendapatkan keuntunan dari berbagai jasa ekosistem (pada studi kasus di Sungai Beras, Tanjung Jabung Timur, Jambi), paludikultur yang dapat merevegetasi dan berintegrasi dengan pengelolaan hutan terdekat (studi kasus revegetasi Hutan Lindung Londerang, Tanjung Jabung Timur, Jambi), menurunkan konflik sosial (studi kasus di Kesatuan Pengeloaan Hutan Lindung Gambut Beram Itam, Tanjung Jabung Barat), Jambi); sementara di Kepulauan Meranti, riset aksi agroforestry mendapatkan bahwa kesadaran masyarakat tentang praktik bijak pengelolaan produk kayu dan non kayu berpotensi untuk diterapkan dalam praktik perhutanan sosial. Sementara, restorasi gambut terintegrasi dimungkinkan dengan mengadaptasikan konsep perhutanan sosial pada kawasan gambut berfungsi budidaya. Hal ini dapat meningkatkan manfaat bagi masyarakat baik keekonomian dari pertanian dan jasa ekosistem lainnya yang disedikakan oleh model pengelolaan kehutanan; dan memfasilitasi perubahan bertahap bagi reforestai di lahan gambut. Perhutanan sosial di lahan gambut memiliki potensi menjadi tradeoff antara kepentingan sosial, nilai ekonomi, dan lingkungan.
Potential Implementation of Social Forestry in Engaging Community Participation in Restoring Peatlands
Abstract
Sustainable peatland management of tropical peatland is efforted by restoration to accelerate restoring peatland ecosystem function within an area of Peatland Hydrological Unit (PHU), and to preserve water and regulate water system in a natural way. This study observes the possibility of social forestry scheme as a strategy to restore peatlands by discussing regulations, local practices of communities, potential economic benefits, and potential areas. Our observation is based on desk study and reviewing research outputs
of Deputy Research and Development of Peat Restoration Agency particularly related paludiculture, we classified the case study which social-forestry enabler, as well as field observation. This shows that PP No. 57/2016 enables peat restoration operationalizing with
social forestry concepts. Some (local) practices enable community participation in managing peatlands by gaining benefits from several ecosystem services (case study in Sungai Beras, East Tanjung Jabung, Jambi), integrating with other forestry management nearby (case study in Protected Peat Forest Londerang, East Tanjung Jabung, Jambi), decreasing social conflict (case study in Beram Itam, West Tanjung Jabung, Jambi); while in Kepulauan Meranti, action research in agroforestry elicited that the awareness about the wise practices in managing timber product and non timber forest product is potential for social forestry practices. Meanwhile, integrated peat restoration is possible by adapting the concept of forestry to cultivation function of peatlands. This practice will increase the benefit to the communities from economic benefits from agriculture and ecosystem services provided by forestry management model in a longer period; and facilitate a stepwise change towards reforestation. Social forestry in peatland has the potential to be a trade-off between social interests, economic values, and environment.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Blake D, Hinwood AL, Horwitz P. 2009. Peat fires and air quality: Volatile organic compounds and particulates. Chemosphere 76(3), 419-423. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.03.047
BRG. 2016. Rencana Strategis Badan Restorasi Gambut 2016-2020.
Duus-Otterström G. 2008. Dual climate change responsibility:on moral divergences between mitigation and adaptation AU - Jagers, Sverker C. Environmental Politics 17(4), 576-591. doi: 10.1080/09644010802193443
Eijk PV, Leenman P. 2004. Regeneration of fire degraded peatswamp forest in Berbak National Park and Implementation in Replanting Programmes. Retrieved from http://edepot.wur.nl/314483
Giesen W. 2015. Utilising non-timber forest products to conserve Indonesia’s peat swamp forests and reduce carbon emissions. Jornal of Indonesian Natural History 3(2).
GOI. 2016. First Nationally Determined Contribution Republic Indonesia.
Hans Joosten MLTB, ToL S. 2012. Peatlands-guidance for climate change mitigation through conservation, rehabilitation and sustainable uses. Mitigation of Climate Change inn Agriculture (MICCA) Programme.
Hindwood AL, Rodriguez CM. 2005. Potential health impacts associated with peat smoke: a review. The Royal Society of Western Australia 88 (6).
Hooijer A, Vernimmen R, Visser M, Mawdsley N. 2015. Flooding Projection from Elevation and Subsidence Models for Oil Palm Plantations in the Rajang Delta Peatlands, Sarawak, Malaysia (pp. 77): Deltares report 1207384.
Levine JS. 1999. The 1997 fires in Kalimantan and Sumatra, Indonesia: Gaseous and particulate emissions. Geophysical Research Letter 26(7): 4.
Miettinen J, Hooijer A, Vernimmen R, Liew SC, Page SE. 2017. From carbon sink to carbon source: extensive peat oxidation in insular Southeast Asia since 1990. Envrionmental Research Letter 12: 11.
Oktavian H, Amady MRE, Gunawan H, Esman I, Asrizal, Malano P, Marelo S. 2015. Pengelolaan Lahan Gambut Berbasis Kearifan Lokal. Pekanbaru, Riau, Indonesia: Scale Up.
Ritzema H. 2001. Research into Drainage and Water Management Guidelines for Agriculure Development in Coastal Peat Swamps of Sarawak: Phase 1 “Water Management Guideline for Agricultural Development in Lowland Peat Swamps of Sarawak”.
See SW, Balasubramanian R, Rianawati E, Karthikeyan S, Streets DG. 2007. Characterization and Source Apportionment of Particulate Matter ≤ 2.5 μm in Sumatra, Indonesia, during a Recent Peat Fire Episode. Environmental Science & Technology 41(10): 3488-3494. doi: 10.1021/es061943k
Sunchindah A. 2015. Transboundary Haze Pollution in Southeast Asia: Reframing ASEAN’s Response. ERIA Discussion Paper Series.
Thamrin S. 2011. Indonesia’s National Mitigation Actions: Paving the Way towards NAMAs.
Wahyunto, Heryanto B,Bekti H, Widiastuti F. (Cartographer). 2006. Peta -peta Sebaran Lahan Gambut, Luas, dan Kandungan Karbon di Papua. Maps of Peatland Distribution, Area, and Carbon Content in Papua. 2000-2001.
Wahyunto, Ritung S, Subagjo H. (Cartographer). 2003. Peta Luasan Sebaran Lahan Gambut dan Kandungan Karbon di Pulau Sumaetra 1990-2002. Maps of Area of Peatland Distribution and Carbon Content in Sumatera 1990-2002.
Wahyunto, Ritung S, Subagjo H. (Cartographer). 2004. Peta Sebaran Lahan Gambut, Luas, dan Kandungan Karbon di Kalimantan. Map of Peatland Distribution Area and Carbon Content in Kalimantan 2000-2002.
WB-Group. 2016. The Cost of Fire An Economic Analysis of Indonesia’s 2015 Fire Crisis Indonesia Sustainable Lanscape Knowledge Note 1
Wiersum K F. 1999. Social Forestry: Changing Perspectives in Forestry Sciences of Practice?
Wösten JHM, Clymans E, Page SE, Rieley JO, Limin SH. 2008. Peat–water interrelationships in a tropical peatland ecosystem in Southeast Asia. CATENA 73(2): 212-224. doi: //http:/dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2007.07.010.
![](/public/site/images/admin/icons/icon-doi.png)
Article Metrics
![](/public/site/images/admin/icons/icon-graph.png)
![](/public/site/images/admin/icons/icon-pdf.png)
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2019 Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan
License URL: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
© Editorial Board Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan
Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Building D 2nd floor
Jl. Agro No 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman 55281
Phone. +62-274-512102, +62-274-550541, +62-274-6491420
Fax. +62-274-550541 E-mail : jik@ugm.ac.id
former website : jurnal.ugm.ac.id/jikfkt/
new website : jurnal.ugm.ac.id/v3/jik/
Indexed by:
Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan is under the license of Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International