Perceptions, Expectations, Reality, and Public Confidence Regarding the Role of Pharmacists in Pharmacy Services in Bandung

https://doi.org/10.22146/jmpf.87938

Zulfan Zazuli(1), Aulia Putri Anjasmara(2), Lia Amalia(3*)

(1) Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, West Java
(2) Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, West Java
(3) Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, West Java
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Background: The shifting from the old paradigm to the new paradigm with the philosophy of pharmaceutical care demands pharmacists to enhance the quality of pharmaceutical services. However, this role has not been optimally fulfilled, especially in the community setting.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the perceptions and expectations, the gap between expectations and reality, and public confidence as well as to analyze the relationship between sociodemographic factors and the perceptions, expectations, and public confidence in Bandung City regarding the role of pharmacists in pharmaceutical services.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a validated survey instrument with 440 respondents in Bandung, West Java, from March to April 2023. The survey data were analyzed descriptively and through inferential statistics.

Results: The analysis showed that 58.41% of the community had a positive perception, 56.82% had high expectations, the average gap between expectations and reality was 14.04%, and more than 51.36% had a high level of public confidence in pharmacists. Sociodemographic factors influencing perceptions were age and the highest level of education (p = 0.005; p = 0.003), factors influencing public confidence were age, the highest level of education, residence address according to ID card (KTP), and occupation (p < 0.001; p = 0.034; p = 0.001; p = 0.001), and the factor influencing expectations was the residence address according to ID card (KTP) (p = 0.043). A correlation was found between the dimensions of perceptions, expectations, and public confidence.

Conclusion: Most participants held a positive perception, had high expectations, and shown high confidence in the pharmacist's position, despite the existence of a disparity between expectations and the actual provision of pharmacy services. The elements of perception, expectations, and confidence are interrelated.


Keywords


expectations; perceptions; pharmacists; public confidence; reality

Full Text:

PDF


References

  1. Undang-undang (UU) Nomor 36 Tahun 2009 tentang Kesehatan. In. Jakarta2009.
  2. Peraturan Pemerintah (PP) Nomor 51 Tahun 2009 tentang Pekerjaan Kefarmasian. In. Jakarta2009.
  3. Peran Apoteker Komunitas Dalam Peningkatan Derajat Kesehatan Indonesia. Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan UIN Syarif Hidayatullah; 2015. https://repository.uinjkt.ac.id/dspace/handle/123456789/52330.
  4. Parera MMW, Kristina SA, Yasin NM. Implementasi Standar Pelayanan Kefarmasian di Apotek Kupang. JURNAL MANAJEMEN DAN PELAYANAN FARMASI (Journal of Management and Pharmacy Practice). 2021;11(3).
  5. El-Kholy AA, Abdelaal K, Alqhtani H, Abdel-Wahab BA, Abdel-Latif MMM. Publics’ Perceptions of Community Pharmacists and Satisfaction with Pharmacy Services in Al-Madinah City, Saudi Arabia: A Cross Sectional Study. Medicina. 2022;58(3).
  6. PERAN APOTEKER DALAM PELAYANAN KEFARMASIAN DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 [press release]. 2020.
  7. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 72 Tahun 2016 tentang Standar Pelayanan Kefarmasian Di Rumah Sakit. In. Jakarta2016.
  8. Jose J, Al Shukili MN, Jimmy B. Public’s perception and satisfaction on the roles and services provided by pharmacists – Cross sectional survey in Sultanate of Oman. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal. 2015;23(6):635-641.
  9. Suprayogi H. Persepsi Masyarakat Dusun Baning Hilir terhadap Peran Apoteker dalam Pelayanan Kefarmasian. Yogyakarta: Pharmacy, Universitas Islam Indonesia; 2020.
  10. PP-IAI. Surat Keputusan Pengurus Pusat Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia No. 058/SK/PP.IAI/IV/2011 tentang Standar Kompetensi Apoteker Indonesia. In:2011.
  11. Akoglu H. User's guide to correlation coefficients. Turk J Emerg Med. 2018;18(3):91-93.
  12. Data Sensus Kota Bandung. 2023. https://bandungkota.bps.go.id/subject/12/kependudukan.html#subjekViewTab3.
  13. Ismayanti, Siswoyo M, Wulandari S. PERSEPSI TOKOH MASYARAKAT TERHADAP EKSISTENSI LEMBAGA KEMASYARAKATAN DESA (Studi Kasus di Desa Curug Kecamatan Kandanghaur Kabupaten Indramayu). Jurnal Ilmiah Publika. 2017;5(1).
  14. Alghurair SA, Simpson SH, Guirguis LM. What elements of the patient-pharmacist relationship are associated with patient satisfaction? Patient Prefer Adherence. 2012;6:663-676.
  15. Al-Arifi MN. Patients' perception, views and satisfaction with pharmacists' role as health care provider in community pharmacy setting at Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Saudi Pharm J. 2012;20(4):323-330.
  16. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 Tentang Standar Pelayanan Kefarmasian Di Apotek. In: Kesehatan K, ed. Jakarta2014.
  17. Haloho TP. Studi Persepsi Risiko Keselamatan Berkendara serta Hubungannya dengan Konsep Locus of Control pada Mahasiswa FKM UI yang Mengendarai Motor, Tahun 2007 [Baschelor thesis]. Depok: FKM-UI, Universitas Indonesia; 2007.
  18. Zeithaml VA, Berry LL, Parasuraman A. The Behavioral Consequences of Service Quality. Journal of Marketing. 1996;60(2).
  19. Kriskovich T. How Culture Influences Our Expectations of Others. 2012.
  20. Lateef F. Patient expectations and the paradigm shift of care in emergency medicine. J Emerg Trauma Shock. 2011;4(2):163-167.
  21. Ni Luh Putu Sari W, Ni Wayan E. Peran Kepercayaan dalam Memediasi Persepsi Nilai terhadap Niat Beli Produk Ramah Lingkungan. E-Jurnal Manajemen Universitas Udayana. 2015;4(8).
  22. Tjong JA. Harapan Dan Kepercayaan Konsumen Apotek Terhadap Peran Apoteker Yang Berada Di Wilayah Surabaya Timur. Calyptra : Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Universitas Surabaya. 2014;2(2).
  23. Druică E, Ianole-Călin R, Băicuș C, Dinescu R. Determinants of Satisfaction with Services, and Trust in the Information Received in Community Pharmacies: A Comparative Analysis to Foster Pharmaceutical Care Adoption. Healthcare. 2021;9(5).
  24. Pratiwi H, Mustikaningtias I, Widyartika FR, Setiawan D, Nasrudin K, Julietta L. Analisis Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Peran Apoteker Pada Layanan Kefarmasian Di Apotek Kecamatan Sokaraja, Baturraden, Sumbang, Dan Kedungbanteng. JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research. 2020;5(1).
  25. Motlohi NF, Wiafe E, Mensah KB, Padayachee N, Petrus R, Bangalee V. A systematic review of the role of community pharmacists in the prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases: the perceptions of patients. Syst Rev. 2023;12(1):160.
  26. Ababneh BF, Ong SC, Mahmoud F, Alsaloumi L, Hussain R. Attitudes, awareness, and perceptions of general public and pharmacists toward the extended community pharmacy services and drive-thru pharmacy services: a systematic review. J Pharm Policy Pract. 2023;16(1):37.
  27. Almohammed OA, Alsanea S. Public Perception and Attitude toward Community Pharmacists in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Journal of Health Systems Research. 2021;1(2):67-74.
  28. Thoha M. Kepemimpinan Dalam Manajemen. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada; 2003.
  29. Aryani R. Persepsi Pasien tentang Peran Apoteker pada Layanan Kefarmasian di Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat. Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan Suara Forikes. 2022;13(1):92-97.
  30. Tang JTC SS. The Role of Pharmacists in Asia and Africa - A Comparative Study to the UK and Sweden: Inst. F. Farmaci, Uppsala Universitet; 2008.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jmpf.87938

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 1127 | views : 613

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 JURNAL MANAJEMEN DAN PELAYANAN FARMASI (Journal of Management and Pharmacy Practice)

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

©Jurnal Manajemen dan Pelayanan Farmasi
Faculty of Pharmacy
Universitas Gadjah Mada
Creative Commons License
View My Stats