Deteksi Bakteri Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis pada Benih Tomat Komersial yang Beredar di Indonesia

https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.12118

Aswaldi Anwar(1*), Satriyas Ilyas(2), Sudarsono Sudarsono(3)

(1) Fakultas Pertanian Institut Pertanian Bogor
(2) Fakultas Pertanian Institut Pertanian Bogor
(3) Fakultas Pertanian Institut Pertanian Bogor
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


The existence of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm), the pathogen causing bacterial canker, on 22 lots of tomato seeds distributed commercially in Indonesia was evaluated. Isolation of suspected Cmm colonies were conducted by agar dilution plating on semiselective SCM medium followed by confirmation of colony identity on YDC medium. Identity of suspected Cmm colony was confirmed using IF test, pathogenicity test on tomato seedlings, hypersensitivity test on leaf of Mirabilis jalapa and Nicotiana tabacum, ELISA, and Cmm specific DNA amplification by PCR. After seed extraction and evaluation of the extract on semi-selective SCM medium and confirmastion by IF test, at least six tomato seed lots were contaminated with Cmm. After more confirmation using pathogenicity and hypersensitivity test, ELISA, and PCR amplification, at least three seed lots were confirmed possitively to carry Cmm.

Keywords


Cmm; bacterial canker; sedborne pathogen; tomato seeds

Full Text:

PDF


References

Agrios, GN. 1988. Plant Pathology. Academic Press, New York.

Alvarez, A., M. Derie, A. Benedict, & R. Gabrielson. 1993. Characteristics of a monoclonal antibody to Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis. Phytopathol 83:1405:

Alvarez, A. & L. Chen. 2002. Bacterial canker of tomato. Prosiding. 2nd INDOSEED-BIOBREES Workshop, Bogor 7-11 Oktober 2002.

Anwar, A., S. Ilyas & Sudarsono. 2005. Evaluasi metode isolasi dan identifikasi bakteri Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. Michiganensis pada benih tomat. Stigma Agustus 2005.

Chang, R.J., S.M. Ries, & J.K. Pataky. 1992. Local sources of Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. michiganensis in the development of bacterial canker on tomatoes. Phytopathol. 82:553-560.

Crop Protection Compedium. 2002. Distribution map for Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. michiganensis (bacterial canker of tomato). Http://www.cabicompedium.org/cpc/datasheet.asp[27-10-2002]. [Deptan]
Departemen Pertanian:2002. Budidaya Tomat. Dirjen Bina Produksi: Hortikultura, Direktorat Tanaman Sayuran, Hias, & Aneka Tanaman. Jakarta.

Dreier, J., A. Bermpohl, & R. Eichenlaub. 1995. Southern hybridization & PCR for specific detection of phytopathogenic Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis. Phytopathol 85 :462-468.

European Union. 1995. Commission Directive 95/4/EC amendment of 21 February 1995 to European Community Plant Health Directive (77/93/EEC). Official J of the European Communities L 44:56-60.

Fatmi, M. & N.W. Schaad. 1988. Semiselective agar medium for isolation of Clavibacter michiganense subsp. michiganense from tomato seed. Phytopathol 78:121-126.

Fatmi, M. & N.W. Schaad. 2002. Survival of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis in infected tomato stem under natural field conditions in California, Ohio & Marocco. Plant Pathol 51:149-154.
Francis, D.M., E. Kabelka, J. Bell, B. Franchino, & D. StClair. 2001. Resistance to bacterial canker in tomato (Lycopersicon hirsutum LA407) & its progeny derived from crosses to L. Esculentum. Plant Dis 85: 1171-1176.

Franken, A.A.J,M., GC. Kamminga, W. Snijder, P.S, van der Zouwen, & Y.E. Birnbaum: 1993. Detection of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis in tomato seeds by immunofluorescence microscopy & dilution plating. Netherlands J Plant Pathol 99: 125-137.

Hausbeck, M.K. J. Bell, C. Medina-Mora, Podolsky, & D.W. Fulbright. 2000. Effects of bactericides on population sizes & spread of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis on tomatoes in the greenhouse & on disease development & crop yield in the field. Phytopathol 90:38-44.

Hayward, A.C. & J.M. Waterson. 1964. Corynebacterium michiganense. Commonwealth Mycological1nstitute No. 19.

Jones, J.B., J.P: Jones, R.R Stall, & T.A. Zitter. 1993. Compedium of Tomato Disease. APS Press. St Paul, Minnesota.

Klag, N.G. 1997. Seed quarantine system in the United States. In McGee D.C. (ed.) Plant Pathogens & the Worldwide Movements of Seeds. APS Press. St Paul, Minnesota. p. 55-56.

Louws, F.J., J. Bell, C.M. Medina-Mora, C.D. Smart, D. Opgenorth, C.A. Ishimaru, M.K. Hausbeck, F.L de Bruijn, & D.W. Fulbright. 1998. Rep-PCR-mediated genomic finger printing: a rapid & effective method to identify Clavibacter michiganensis. Phytopathol 88:862-868.

McGee, D.C. 1997. Relevance of seed pathology research priorities to worldwide movement of seed. In McGee D.C. ( ed.) Plant Pathogens and the the Worldwide Movements of Seeds. APS Press. St Paul, Minnesota. p.1-16.

Neergard, P. 1977. Seed Pathology. John Wiley& Sons, New York. Pusat Karantina Pertanian. 2002. Daftar Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan yang dilaporkan belum terdapat di wilayah Republik Indonesia. Http://www.deptan.go.id/CAO/index.htm [9-6-2002].

Sabin, F., H. Uslu, R. Kotan, & M:F. Donmez. 2002. Bacterial canker, caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis, on tomatoes in eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. Plant Pathol 51:399.

Santos M.S., L. Cruz, P. Norskov, & O.F. Rasmussen. 1997. A rapid & sensitive detection of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis in tomato seeds by polymerase chain reaction. Seed Sci Technol 25:58-1-584.

Van Vaerenbergh, J.P.C. & J.F. Chauveau. 1987. Detection of Corynebacterium michiganense in tomato seed-lots. Bull OEPP/EPPO l7:131-138.

Werner, N.A., D.W. Fulbright, Podolsky, J. Bell,.& M.K. Hausbeck, 2002. Limiting populations & spread of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis on seedling tomatoes in the greenhouse. Plant Dis 86:535-542.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.12118

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 4977 | views : 1741

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2004 Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia ISSN 1410-1637 (print), ISSN 2548-4788 (online) is published by the Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, in collaboration with Indonesian Entomological Society (Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia, PEI) and Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia, PFI). The content of this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.  

View website statistics