The Effect of Planting Distance and Depth of Water Puddle to Damage Intensity by Rice Yellow Stem Borer (Scirpophaga incertulas Walker) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Relation to Microclimate Change

https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.28612

Ulfah Nuzulullia(1*), Edhi Martono(2), Y. Andi Trisyono(3)

(1) Pest Forecasting Institute, Ministry of Agriculture Republic Indonesia Jln. Raya Kaliasin, Tromol Pos 1, Kota Baru, Karawang, West Java 41374
(2) Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jln. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281
(3) Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jln. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


The rice yellow stemborer (Scirpophaga incertulas) is one of main pests on rice which may attack at all growth stages. The weather was considered one of influencing factors against its infestation. Therefore, this research was conducted to recognize microclimate factors affecting the infestation of S. incertulas. The experiment was carried out in Institute for Pest Forecasting, Jatisari Karawang from January-April 2017. The investigation was arranged in Factorial of Blocked Randomized Design with four repetitions and  combinations of treatment factors, i.e. planting distance (conventional and jajar legowo 2 : 1) and depth of puddle (5 cm, 0 cm, and intermittent). The observation was performed from one to 12 weeks after planting. At the same time, three weather factors (temperature, relative humidity and rainfall) were observed in four West Java regencies i.e. in Bekasi, Karawang, Subang and Indramayu. The results showed that the conventional and the jajar legowo schemes are influenced by the micro air temperature.  Both planting distance and depth of water puddle treatment were influenced by the micro air temperature. Microclimate factors which influenced the intensity of infestation were air temperature, humidity, water temperature, and light intensity. The weather factor showing effects  in Bekasi, Karawang, and Indramayu was rainfall. However, the three weather factors did not affect on the acreage of pest infestation in Subang.

Keywords


microclimate; rice yellow stemborer; Scirpophaga incertulas

Full Text:

PDF


References

Abraham, C.C., B. Thomas., K. Karunakaran & R. G. Krishnan. 1972. Effect of Planting Season and Associated Weather Conditions on the Incidence of Rice Stem Borer Tryporyza incertulas (Walker). Agricultural Research Journal of Kerala 10: 141-151.

Aldrian E & R.D Susanto. 2003. Identification of Three Dominant Rainfall Regions within Indonesia and their Relationship to Sea Surface Temperature. International Journal of Climatology 23: 1435-1452.

Batalden R.V., K. Oberhauser., & A.A Peterson. 2007. Ecological Niches in Sequential Generations of Eastern North American Monarch Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Danaidae): The Ecology of Migration and Likely Climate Change Implications. Environmental Entomology 36: 1365-1373.

Balai Besar Penelitian Padi (BBPADI). 2015. Hama Penggerek Batang Padi dan Pengendaliannya. http://www.litbang.pertanian.go.id/, modified 9/10/2017.

Bhatnagar, A & R.R Saxena. 1999. Environmental Correlates of Population Buildup of Rice Insect Pests through Light Trap Catches. Orza 36: 241-245.

Cannon R.J.C. 1998. The Implications of Predicted Climate Change for Insect Pests in the UK, with Emphasis on Non-indigenous Species. Global Change Biology 4: 785-796.

Chang S. S. 1968. A Study on the Diapause of Overwintering Larvae of the Rice Stem Borer (Chilo suppressalis Walker) in Taiwan. Plant Protection Bulletin 10: 57-61.

Direktorat Perlindungan Tanaman Pangan (Ditlin TP). 2015. Pedoman Pengamatan dan Pelaporan Perlindungan Tanaman Pangan. Direktorat Perlindungan Tanaman Pangan, Jakarta. 139 p.

Estay S.A., M. Lima., & F.A Labra. 2009. Predicting Insect Pest Status under Climate Change Scenarios: Combining Experimental Data and Population Dynamics Modelling. Journal of Applied Entomology 133: 491-499.

Harrington R, R.A Fleming, I.P Woiwod. 2001. Climate Change Impacts on Insect Management and Conservation in Temperate Regions: Can They be Predicted? Agricultural and Forest Entomology 3: 233-240.

Haylock, M & J. L. Mc Bride. 2001. Spatial Coherence and Predictability of Indonesian Wet Season Rainfall. Journal of Climate 14: 3882-3887.

Hendon, H.H. 2003. Indonesian Rainfall Variability: Impact of ENSO and Local Air-Sea Interaction. Journal of Climate 16: 1775-1790.

Hendarsih, S. 2000. Pemetaan Spesies dan Parasitoid Penggerek Batang Padi di Pulau Jawa. Laporan hasil penelitian. Balai Penelitian Tanaman Padi, Subang. 30 p.

Hendarsih, S. & N. Usyati. 2005. The Stem Borer Infestation on Rice Cultivars at Three Planting Times. Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science 6: 39-45.

Kadja, D.H. 2015. Pengaruh Jenis Pupuk dan Tinggi Genangan Air terhadap Perkembangan Populasi Wereng Batang Padi Coklat pada Tanaman Padi. Ilmu Pertanian 18: 18-23.

Khan Z.R., J.A Litsinger., A.T Barrion., F.F.D Villanueva., N.J Fernandez., & L.D Taylor. 1991. World Bibliography of Rice Stem Borers 1794 - 1990. IRRI – ICIPE. Los Banos, Philippines. 415 p.

Litsinger JA, A.L Alviola, C.G.D Cruz, B.L Canapi, E.H Batay-An, & A.T.Barrion 2006. Rice White Stemborer Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) in Southern Mindanao, Philippines. I. Supplantation of Yellow Stemborer S. incertulas (Walker) and Pest Status. International Journal of Pest Management 52: 11-21.

Parmesan, C., N. Ryrholm, C. Stefanescus, J.K. Hill, C.D. Thomas, H. Descimon, B. Huntley, L. Kaila, J. Kullberg, T. Tammaru, W.J. Tennent, J.A. Thomas, & M. Warren. 1999. Poleward Shifts in Geographical Ranges of Butterfly Species Associated with Regional Warming. Nature 399: 579-583.

Pathak M. D & Z. R. Khan. 1994. Insect Pest of Rice. International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). Manila. 89 p.

Prasannakumar N.R., S. Chander., & L.V. Kumar. 2015. Development of Weather Based Rice Yellow Stem Borer Prediction Model for the Cauvery Commandrice Areas, Karnakata, India. Cogent Food and Agriculture 1: 1-7.

Rehman, A., C. Inayatullah, & A. Majid. 2002. Descriptive Model to Predict the Outbreaks of Yellow Rice Stem Borer, Scirpophaga incertulas. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research 17: 282-289

Sanjaya I. P., I. W. Tika., & Sumiyati. 2014. Pengaruh Teknik Budidaya SRI (System of Rice Intensification) dan Legowo terhadap Iklim Mikro dan Produktivitas Padi Ketan. Jurnal Beta (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) 2: 1-10.

Sipayung S.B. 2009. Analisis Variasi Curah Hujan Berdasarkan Zona Prediksi Iklim (ZPI) di Wilayah Subang dan Tasikmalaya Tahun 1980 – 2005. Majalah Sains dan Teknologi Dirgantara 4: 67-74.

Solikhin. 1999. Fenomena dan Terminasi Diapause Penggerek Batang Padi Putih (Scirpophaga inotata). Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia 5: 72-76

Supari. 2014. Sejarah Dampak El Nino di Indonesia http://www.bmkg.go.id/bmkg_pusat/Publikasi/Artikel/Sejarah_Dampak_El_Nino _di_Indonesia.bmkg, modified 09/10/2017.

Trnka M., F. Muskab, D. Semeradovaa, M. Dubrovsky, E. Kocmankovaa, Z. Zaluda. 2007. European Corn Borer Life Stage Model: Regional Estimates of Pest Development and Spatial Distribution under Present and Future Climate. Ecological Modelling 207: 61-84.

Tukidi. 2010. Karakter Curah Hujan di Indonesia. Jurnal Geografi 7: 136-145.

Vergara, B.S. 1995. Bercocok Tanam Padi. Program Nasional PHT Pusat. Departemen Pertanian, Jakarta. 221p.

Yang L.N., L. Peng, L.M Zhang, L.L Zhang & S.S Yang. 2009. A Prediction Model for Population Occurrence of Paddy Stem Borer (Scirpophaga incertulas), Based on Back Propagation Artificial Neural Network and Principal Components Analysis. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 68: 200-206.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.28612

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 1888 | views : 1518

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2019 Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia ISSN 1410-1637 (print), ISSN 2548-4788 (online) is published by the Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, in collaboration with Indonesian Entomological Society (Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia, PEI) and Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia, PFI). The content of this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.  

View website statistics