* Corresponding Author
Characterization and Pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn Associated with Sheath Blight in Local Rice Varieties (Oryza sativa L.) of Special Region of Yogyakarta
https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.67557 Maulin Nafisa(1), Adiana Nayogyani(2), Rina Sri Kasiamdari(3*)
(1) Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jln. Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia
(2) Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jln. Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia
(3) Plant Systematics Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jln. Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
In Indonesia, rice is used as the first strategic and priority food commodity in agricultural development. However, in practice, efforts to increase it still experience various obstacles, one of which is caused by the attack of pathogen Rhizoctonia solani. This study aimed to determine the characters of R. solani and observe its pathogenicity on some local rice varieties in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. Four isolates of R. solani were used, namely RS MS2, RS MKP2, RS UMB, and RS PN, as well as six varieties of local rice varieties, which were Menthik Susu, Cempo Merah, Cempo Hitam, Segreng, Menoreh, and Hitam Makaryo, and national rice varieties IR 64 and Ciherang. Morphological characterization was carried out based on the cultural characteristics of the colony, hyphae, and sclerotia. A pathogenicity test was carried out using the Detached Leaf Inoculation method. The result showed that R. solani characters vary from whitish-brown, yellowish-brown, and light brown colonies; moderate and fast growth rates; abundant-aerial, moderate-aerial, and slight-aerial growth patterns; 90° hyphae branching, narrowing of hyphae at the branching point, and presence of sclerotia. The pathogenicity test gave the results of all isolates having varying pathogenicity levels on each rice variety. Menthik Susu, Cempo Hitam, and Hitam Makaryo were resistant to R. solani. Cempo Merah and Segreng were considered as moderately resistant varieties, whereas Menoreh was categorized as moderately susceptible. Ciherang and IR64 were susceptible varieties to R. solani.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Ajayi‐Oyetunde, O.O., & Bradley, C.A. (2018). Rhizoctonia solani: Taxonomy, Population Biology and Management of Rhizoctonia Seedling Disease of Soybean. Plant Pathology, 67(1), 3‒17. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppa.12733
Andersen, T.F., & Rasmussen, H.N. (1996). The Mycorrhizal Species of Rhizoctonia. In B. Sneh, S. Jabaji-Hare, S. Neate, & G. Dijst (Eds.), Rhizoctonia Species: Taxonomy, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Pathology and Disease Control (pp. 379‒390). Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer.
Bahagiawati, Septiningsih, E.M., Yunus, M., Prasetiyono, J., Dadang, A., & Sutrisno. (2005). Aplikasi Teknologi Marka Molekuler untuk Verifikasi Identitas Genetik Varietas Sayuran Komersial. Jurnal Hortikultura, 15(3), 153–159. Retrieved from http://hortikultura.litbang.pertanian.go.id/jurnal_pdf/153/bahagia_sayuran.pdf
Basu, A., Podder, M., & Sengupta, P.K. (2004). Variability and Anastomosis among the Rice Isolates of Rhizoctonia solani. Indian Phytopathology, 57(1), 70‒72. Retrieved from http://epubs.icar.org.in/ejournal/index.php/IPPJ/article/view/17626/8493
Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Jawa Timur. (2019). Padi Varietas Menthik Susu. Retrieved from https://jatim.litbang.pertanian.go.id/padi-varietas-mentik-susu/
Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Yogyakarta. (2006). Budidaya Padi Cempo Merah sebagai Sumber Genetik Lokal Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Retrieved from http://yogya.litbang.pertanian.go.id/ind/images/Rek_Tek/20084.pdf
Budiarti, S.W., Lukman, R., Wibowo, A., Sumardiyono, C., & Priyatmojo, A. (2020). The Cultural and Morphological Variability among Rhizoctonia solani Isolates Causing Banded Leaf and Sheath Blight of Maize in Indonesia. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 53(1‒2), 17‒36. https://doi.org/10.1080/03235408.2020.1715765
Debbarma, M., & Dutta, P. (2015). Cultural and Morphological Variability in Rhizoctonia solani Isolates of Different Hosts of Assam. Indian Journal of Applied Research, 5(2), 878–884. Retrieved from https://www.worldwidejournals.com/indian-journal-of-applied-research-(IJAR)/fileview/February_2015_1423134960__246.pdf
Dinas Pertanian dan Ketahanan Pangan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. (2020). Dinas Pertanian dan Pangan Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Panen Padi Varietas Menoreh. Retrieved from https://dpkp.jogjaprov.go.id/baca/Dinas+Pertanian+dan+Pangan+Kabupate45n+Kulon+PrPro+Panen+Padi+Varietas+Menor/231220/301cf7f6ef3d73aac8c6e54fbcaab0b3b3ded5afc771e79c95e41dfb0dd4eea4266
Dinas Pertanian dan Ketahanan Pangan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. (2021). Padi Gogo Segreng Handayani. Retrieved from http://jogjabenih.jogjaprov.go.id/read/4b4b6667ac1bbebfdeeb926a50f15fc879d0e6bcd76941f5ab13db508bda21ae1910
Eizenga, G.C., Lee, F.N., & Rutger, J.N. (2002). Screening Oryza Species Plant
for Rice Sheath Blight Resistance. Plant Disease, 86(7), 808-812. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS.2002.86.7.808
Gopireddy, B.M., Devi, G.U., Kumar, K.V., Babu, T.R., & Naidu, T.C.M. (2017). Cultural and Morphological Characterization of Rhizoctonia solani f. sp. sasakii Isolates Collected from Different Districts of Andhra Pradesh. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 6(11), 3457–3469. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.611.407
Groth, D.E., & Bond, J.A. (2007). Effects of Cultivar and Fungicides on Rice Sheath Blight, Yield, and Quality. Plant Disease, 91(12), 1647–1650. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-91-12-1647
Hidayat. (2002). Varietas Diskriminatif untuk Padi Lahan Pasang Surut di Lingkungan Sungai Deras, Kalimantan Barat. Akta Agrosia, 5, 60‒66.
Inagaki, K. (2001). Outbreaks of Rice Sclerotium Diseases in Paddy Fields and Physiological and Ecological Characteristics of these Causal Fungi. Science Replications Agricultures, Meijo University, 37, 57−66.
Irawati, A.F.C., & Hartati, S. (2011). Seleksi Ketahanan Beberapa Varietas Padi (Oryza sativa) terhadap Patogen Penyebab Penyakit Hawar Pelepah Daun (Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn). Buletin Pertanian Perkotaan, 1(1), 27‒36.
Jia, Y., Liu, G., Park, D.S., & Yang, Y. (2013) Inoculation and Scoring Methods for Rice Sheath Blight Disease. In Y. Yang (Ed.), Rice Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology (Methods and Protocols) (vol. 956, pp. 257‒268). Totowa, NJ, United States: Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-194-3_19
Kardin, M.K., Oniki, M., Ogoshi, A., & Sakai, R. (1988). Effect of Air Temperature on Mycelial Growth Rate of Rhizoctonia solani from Indonesia and Japan. Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian, 8, 23‒28.
Kasiamdari, R.S., Smith, S.E., Smith, F.A., & Scott, E.S. (2002). Influence of the Mycorrhizal Fungus, Glomus coronatum, and Soil Phosphorus on Infection and Disease Caused by Binucleate Rhizoctonia and Rhizoctonia solani on Mung Bean (Vigna radiata). Plant and Soil, 238(2), 235‒244. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014400701819
Kristamtini., Widodo, S., Wiranti, E.W., & Sutarno. (2018). Crops and Consumer Preferences of 20 Local Rice Genetic Resources of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 215-012019. Presented at the International Conference on Organic Agriculture in the Tropics: State of Art, Challenges and Opportunities. August 20‒24, 2017, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/215/1/012019
Kuiry, S.P., Mondal, A., Banerjee, S., & Dutta, S. (2014). Morphological Variability in Rhizoctonia solani Isolates from Different Agro-ecological Zones of West Bengal, India. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 47(6), 728–736. https://doi.org/10.1080/03235408.2013.820388
Lal, M., & Kandhari, J. (2009). Cultural and Morphological Variability in Rhizoctonia solani Isolates Causing Sheath Blight of Rice. Journal Mycology and Plant Pathology, 39(1), 77–81. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259228453_Cultural_and_Morphological_Variability_in_Rhizoctonia_solani_Isolates_Causing_Sheath_Blight_of_Rice
Madhavi, M., Reddy, P.N., Reddy, R.R., & Reddy, S.S. (2015). Morphological and
Molecular Variability of Rhizoctonia solani Isolates Causing Banded Leaf
and Sheath Blight in Maize. International Journal of Bio-resource and
Stress Management, 6(3), 375–385. https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-4038.2015.00060.3
Mishra, P.K., Gogoi, R., Singh, P.K., Rai, S.N., & Kumar, A. (2014). Effect of Photo Period on Morpho-cultural Characteristic of Rhizoctonia solani f. sp. sasakii of Maize. Annals of Biology,30(4), 733–737.
Munandar, Sukrilani, Yusup, Sulaiman, & Wijaya, A. (1996). Inventarisasi dan Studi Karakter Agronomi Berupa Varietas Lokal Padi Lebak yang Ditanam Petani di Sekitar Palembang dan Kota Kayu Agung. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 4(1), 8–13.
Muslim, A., Permatasari, R., & Mazid, A. (2012). Ketahanan Beberapa Varietas Padi Rawa Lebak terhadap Penyakit Hawar Upih yang Disebabkan oleh Rhizoctonia solani. Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal: Journal of Suboptimal Lands, 1(2), 163‒169. Retrieved from https://www.jlsuboptimal.unsri.ac.id/index.php/jlso/article/view/22/19
Nurhidayah, S., & Umbara, D.S. (2019). Perbedaan Komponen Vegetatif dan Generatif pada Lima Aksesi Padi Hitam (Oryza sativa L.) di Kecamatan Indihiang Tasikmalaya Jawa Barat. Agriprima: Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences, 3(1), 15‒21. https://doi.org/10.25047/agriprima.v3i1.136
Nuryanto, B. (2003). Pengelolaan Komponen Epidemik untuk Menekan Hawar Pelepah Daun Padi (Rhizoctonia solani) [Master’s thesis]. Bogor, Indonesia: Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Nuryanto, B. (2011). Varietas, Kompos dan Cara Pengairan sebagai Komponen
Pengendali Penyakit Hawar Upih [Doctoral thesis]. Yogyakarta, Indonesia: Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Nuryanto, B. (2017). Penyakit Hawar Pelepah (Rhizoctonia solani) pada Padi dan Taktik Pengelolaannya. Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia, 21(2), 63‒71. https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.22494
Nuryanto, B., Priyatmojo, A., & Hadisutrisno, B. (2014). Pengaruh Tinggi Tempat dan Tipe Tanaman Padi terhadap Keparahan Penyakit Hawar Pelepah. Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan, 33(1), 1‒8. Retrieved from https://pangan.litbang.pertanian.go.id/files/pp33-01-01-bnuryanto.pdf
Ou, S.H. (1985). Rice Disease. 2nd Edition. Kew, Surrey, United Kingdom: Commonwealth Mycological Institute.
Rustam. (2011). Potensi Bakteri Penghasil Metabolit Sekunder untuk Pengendalian Penyakit Hawar Pelepah Padi yang Disebabkan oleh Rhizoctonia solani Khün [Doctoral thesis]. Bogor, Indonesia: Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Shadily, H. (1984). Ensiklopedi Indonesia. Jakarta, Indonesia: Ichtiar Baru-Van Hoeve and Elsevier Publishing Projects.
Singh V., Kumar, S., Lal, M., & Hooda, K.S. (2014). Cultural and Morphological Variability among Rhizoctonia solani Isolates from Trans-gangetic Plains of India. Research on Crops, 15(3), 644–650. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/268449266_Cultural_and_morphological_variability_among_Rhizoctonia_solani_isolates_from_trans-gangetic_plains_of_India
Somantri, I.H. (2001). Wild Rice (Oryza spp.): Their Existence and Research in Indonesia. Buletin AgroBio, 5(1), 14–20.
Suharsono. (2018). Berita Resmi Pendaftaran Varietas Lokal. Retrieved from http://pvtpp.setjen.pertanian.go.id
Sunder, S., Kataria, H.R., Satyavir, & Sheoran, O.P. (2003). Characterization of Rhizoctonia solani Associated with Root/Collar Rots and Blights. Indian Phytopathology, 56(1), 27–33. Retrieved from http://epubs.icar.org.in/ejournal/index.php/IPPJ/article/view/18230
Taheri, P., Gnanamanickam, S., & Hӧfte, M. (2007). Characterization, Genetic Structure, and Pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia spp. Associated with Rice Sheath Diseases in India. Population Biology, 97(3), 373‒383. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-97-3-0373
Utama, M.Z.H. (2015). Budidaya Padi pada Lahan Marginal. Yogyakarta, Indonesia: Andi Offset.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.67557
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 1695
| 
views : 730
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia ISSN 1410-1637 (print), ISSN 2548-4788 (online) is published by the Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, in collaboration with Indonesian Entomological Society (Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia, PEI) and Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia, PFI). The content of this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
View website statistics