Daya Vermisidal Ekstrak Lima Jenis Etnofarmakologi  terhadap Cacing Haemonchus contortus Secara In-vitro

I Gusti Komang Oka Wirawan; Kurniasih Kurniasih; Joko Prastowo; Wisnu Nurcahyo

doi:10.22146/jsv.34694

Daya Vermisidal Ekstrak Lima Jenis Etnofarmakologi terhadap Cacing Haemonchus contortus Secara In-vitro

https://doi.org/10.22146/jsv.34694

I Gusti Komang Oka Wirawan^(1*), Kurniasih Kurniasih⁽²⁾, Joko Prastowo⁽³⁾, Wisnu Nurcahyo⁽⁴⁾

(1) Program Studi Kesehatan Hewan, Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Kupang, Jln. Prof. Dr. Herman Yohanes Kelurahan Lasiana, Kota Kupang, PO.Box1152 Kupang 85111
(2) Bagian Patologi, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(3) Bagian Parasitologi, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(4) Bagian Parasitologi, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Research aimed to identify the most effective concentration of five extract types (EKBMCP, EKPAS, EDMSP, EBJCP, dan EDMCO) as vermicidal anthelmintic against H. contortus in-vitro. Research was consisted of seven groups, among them five groups were considered as treatment groups that named based on the extract type (EKBMCP, EKPAS, EDMSP, EBJCP, dan EDMCO). Each treatment group was consisted five subgroups of etnopharmacological concentration : 0,5%, 1,5%, 2,5%, 3,5% dari 0,2 g/mL. Other two group were regarded as a negative control by distilled water treatment, and a positive control by pyrantel pamoat 5%. Every single treatment group was quadruplet and exposure each concentration were performed in quadruplet with variation in exposure times i.e. : 1, 3, 5, and 7 hours. The research focused on several variables that were the percentage of live and dead H. contortus in the treatment groups, extract concentration, and treatment period by using selected etnopharmacological extract. The effective vermicidal anthelmentic concentration of each treatment was analyzed descriptively. The results showed that five etnopharmacological extract types that were EKBMCP, EKPAS, EDMSP, EBJCP, dan EDMCO had a potency as vermicidal anthelmentic. Among those treatment, EKPAS and EBJCP had the lowest concentration (2,5%) to produce optimum vermicidal effect (100%) with period five hours exposure. Other treatment groups with EKBMCP and EDMSP needed 3,5% concentration with exposure period seven hours to produce optimum vermicidal effect, respectively. Another treatment group with EDMCO needed 3,5% concentration with exposure time seven hours to produce optimum vermicidal effect.

Keywords

Etnopharmacological; Haemonchus contortus; Vermicidal; Etnofarmakologi

Full Text:

PDF

References

Akkari, H., B’chir, F., Hajaji, S., Rekik, M., Sebai, E., Hamza, H., Darghouth, M.A. dan Gharbi, M. 2016. Potential anthelmintic effect of Capparis spinosa (Capparidaceae) as related to its polyphenolic content and antioxidant activity. Vet. Med. 61(6): 308–316. Alemu, Z., Kechero, Y., Kebede, A., dan Mohammed, A. 2014. Comparison of the In vitro Inhibitory Effects of Doses of Tannin Rich Plant Extracts and Ivermectin on Egg Hatchability, Larvae Development and Adult Mortality of Haemonchus contortus. A.P.G. 5(3): 160-168. Arroyo-Lopez, C., Manolaraki, F., Saratsis, A., Saratsi, K., Stefanakis, A., Skampardonis, V., Voutzourakis, N., Hoste, H., dan Sotiraki, S. 2014. Anthelmintic effect of carob pods and sainfoin hay when fed to lambs after experimental trickle infections with Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis. Parasite, J. 21: 71. Belay, C., Yisehak, K., Mihreteab, B., dan Abegaze, B. 2013. Comparison of the Efficacy of Different Modes of Extraction of 5 Tannin Rich Plants on Haemonchus contortus. G. Vet. 11(6): 759-766. Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Kabupaten Kupang. Kupang Dalam Angka 2013. Kerjasama Pemerintah Kabupaten Kupang Dengan BPS Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Desrues, O., Fryganas, C., Ropiak, H., Mueller-Harvey, I., Enemark, H.L., dan Thamsborg, S.M. 2015. Impact of chemical structure of flavanol monomers and condensed tannins on in vitro anthelmintic activity against bovine nematodes. Vet. Parasitol. 143(4): 444-454. Geary, T.G., Sangster, N.C., dan Thompson, D.P. 1999. Frontiers in anthelmintic pharmacology. Vet. Parasitol. 84: 275–295. Geetha, N., Harini, K., dan JerlinShowmya, J. 2014. Phytochemical constituents of different extracts from the leaves of Chromolaenaodorata (L.) King and Robinson. IJPSBM. 2 (12): 13-20. Iqbal, Z., Sarwar, M., Jabbar, A., Ahmed, S., Nisa, M., Sajid, M.S., Khan, M.N., Mufti, K.A., dan Yaseen, M. 2007. Direct and indirect anthelmintic effects of condensed tannins in sheep. Vet. Parasitol. 144: 125–13. Iqbal, Z., Badar, N., Khan, M.N., Akhtar, M.S. 2011. In Vitro and In Vivo Anthelmintic Activity of Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. Ex Delile Bark and Leaves. Pak. Vet. J. 31(3): 185-191. Jain, P., Hossain, K.R., dan Mishu, T.R. 2014. Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Spondias pinnata Kurz. Leaves. E. J. Med. Plants. 4(2): 183-195. Kane S. R., Mohite, S. K., dan Rajarambapu, J. S. S. 2009. Anthelmintic activity of aqueous and methanol extracts of Euphorbia tymifolia. Int. J. PharmTech Res. 1(3): 666-669. Kareru, P.G., Ombasa, O., Rukunga, G., Mbaria, J., Keriko, J.M., Njonge, F.K., dan Owuor, B.O. 2012. In-Vitro Antihelmintic Effects Of Two Kenyan Plant Extracts Against Heamonchus Contortus Adult Worms. IJPR. 2: 3. Kommawar, R.S., dan Nagras, M.A. 2014. Development and Validation of UV Spectrophotometric Area Under Curve (AUC) method for estimation of Pyrantel Pamoate in Bulk and Tablet Dosage Form. IJIMS. 1(7): 70-76. Lee, J., Khadka, P., , Ro, J., Kim, H., Kim, I., Kim, J.T., Kim, H’, Cho, J.M., dan Yun, G. 2014. Pharmaceutical particle technologies: An approach to improve drug solubility, dissolution and bioavailability. AJPS. 9: 304-316. Lefrileux, Y., Hoste, H., Brunet, S., Paolini, V., Bahuaud, D., Chauveau, S., dan Fouraste, I. 2009. Compared in vitro anthelmintic effects of eight tannin-rich plants browsed by goats in the southern part of France. Options Méditerranéennes, A/no. 85. Lonare, A.A., dan Patel, S.R. 2013. Antisolvent Crystallization of Poorly Water Soluble Drugs. IJCEA. 4: 5. Mainasara, M.M., Aliero, B. L., Aliero, A. A., dan Dahiru, S. S. 2011. Phytochemical and Antibacterial Properties of Calotropis Procera (Ait) R. Br. (Sodom Apple) Fruit and Bark Extracts. IJMB. 1(1): 8-11. Matheos, H., Runtuwene, M.R.J., dan Sudewi, S. 2014. Aktivitas Antioksidan Dari Ekstrak Daun Kayu Bulan (Pisonia alba). E-Journal UNSRAT. 3: 3. Min, B. R., Wright C, D., Perkins, A., Dawod, Terrill, T.H., Miller, J. E., Vines, T., dan Gurung, N. 2016. The Effects of Phytochemical Tannin Containing Diets on Meat Goat Performance and Drug Resistant Haemonchus contortus Control. Int. J. Vet. Health Sci. Res. 4(3): 104-109. Noble, E.R., dan Noble, G.A. 1982. Parasitologi Biologi Parasit Hewan, terjemahan Wardiarto, 1989. Edisi Kelima. Gadjah Mada University Press. Page, A.P., Stepek, G., Winter, A.D., dan Pertab, D. 2014. Enzymology of the nematode cuticle: A potential drug target. IJP. 4: 133. Qamar MF, Maqbool A, Ahmad N. 2011. Economic Losses Due To Haemonchosis Sheep And Goats. Sci.Int. 23(4): 321-324. Rajesh, K.D., Rajesh, N.V., Vasantha, S., Jeeva, S., dan Rajasekaran, D. 2014. Anthelmintic efficacy of selected ferns in sheeps (Ovis aries.Linn). Int. Journal of Ethnobiology & Ethnomedicine. 1(1): 1-14. Ratnawati, D., Supriyati, R., dan Ispamuji, D. 2013. Aktivitas Anthelmintik Ekstrak Tanaman Putri Malu (Mimosa Pudica l) Terhadap Cacing Gelang Babi (Ascaris suum. L). Prosiding Semirata FMIPA Universitas Lampung. Saxena, N., Shrivastava, P. N., dan Saxena, R. C. 2012. Preliminary Physico-Phytochemical Study Of Stem Bark Of Alstonia Scholaris (L.) R. Br. – A Medicinal Plant. IJPSR. 3(4): 1071-1075. Schlecht, E., Raza, M.A., dan Younas, M. 2016. In vitro efficacy of selected medicinal plants from Cholistan desert, Pakistan, against gastrointestinal helminths of sheep and goats. J. Agr. Rural Develop. Trop. Subtrop. 117 (2): 211-224 Setiawati, A., Zunilda, S.B., dan Suyatna, F.D. 2005. Farmakologi Dan Terapi. Edisi 4. Gaya Baru. Jakarta. Sirama, V., Kokwaro, J., Owuor, B., dan Yusuf, A. 2014. In-Vitro Anthelmintic Bioactivity Study Of Eclipta prostrata L. (Whole Plant) Using Adult Haemonchus contortus worms A Case Study Of Migori County, Kenya. IOSR-JPBS. 9(6): 45-53. Srivastava, N., Sameer S. Bhagyawant, S.S., dan Sharma, V. 2010. Phytochemical Investigation and Antimicrobial Activity of the endocarp of unripe fruit of Carica papaya. JPR. 3(12): 3132-3134. Sun, J., Wang, F., Sui, Y., She, Z., Zhai, W., Wang, C., dan Deng, Y. 2012. Effect of particle size on solubility, dissolution rate, and oral bioavailability: evaluation using coenzyme Q10 as naked nanocrystals. Int. J. Nanomedicine. 7: 5733–5744. Taylor, M.A, Coop, R.L., dan Wall, R.L. 2007. Veterinary Parasitology. Third Edition. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2DQ, UK. Williams, A.R., Fryganas, C., Ramsay, A., Mueller-Harvey, I., dan Thamsborg, S.M. 2014. Direct Anthelmintic Effects of Condensed Tannins from Diverse Plant Sources against Ascaris suum. PLoS One J. 9(5): e97053. Yoshihara, E., Minho, A.P., Tabacow, V.B.D., Cardim, S.T., dan Yamamura, M.H. 2015. Ultrastructural changes in the Haemonchus contortus cuticle exposed to Acacia mearnsii extract. Ciências Agrárias, Londrina. 36(6): 3763-3768.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jsv.34694