Gambaran Terapi dan Luaran Klinik pada Pasien COVID-19 di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta
Rini Budi Astuti(1*), Tri Murti Andayani(2), Ika Puspitasari(3)
(1) Mahasiswa Magister Farmasi Klinik, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Universitas Gadjah Mada, Rumah Sakit Akademik Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) adalah infeksi virus yang sangat mudah menular yang disebabkan oleh Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) yang muncul di Wuhan, Cina dan menyebar ke seluruh dunia. Terapi pada pasien COVID-19 berbeda – beda untuk tiap negara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran terapi obat dan luaran klinik berupa mortalitas dan length of stay (LOS) pada pasien COVID-19 di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan rancangan cross sectional. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien COVID-19 yang dilakukan rawat inap di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Dr. Moewardi Surakarta pada periode Januari sampai Maret 2021. Data penelitian bersumber data sekunder yakni catatan medik. Analisis data dilakukan dengan cara penyajian data dalam bentuk tabel kemudian dhitung persentase berdasarkan jumlah sampel. Sebanyak 97 pasien terpilih selama periode Januari – Maret 2021. Sebanyak 88,7% pasien berusia antara 18 – 59 tahun. Jumlah pasien perempuan (63,9%) lebih banyak dibanding dengan laki – laki (37,1%). Komorbid yang paling banyak diderita pasien adalah hipertensi (13,4%) dan diabetes melitus (DM) tipe 2 (16,5%). Sebanyak 90,7% pesien menerima antivirus. Antivirus yang paling banyak digunakan adalah favipiravir (60,8%). Sebanyak 94,8% pasien menerima terapi antibiotik dimana 100% pasien COVID-19 derajat berat dan kritis menerima antibiotik. Antibiotik yang paling banyak digunakan adalah azitromisin (72,2%). Sebanyak 93,8% pasien COVID-19 mendapatkan vitamin C. Sebanyak 57,7% pasien COVID-19 di RSUD dr. Moewardi mendapat terapi antikoagulan. Antikoagulan yang paling banyak diberikan adalah enoksaparin (32,9%). Sebanyak 21,6% pasien COVID-19 menerima terapi kortikosteroid. Sebanyak 15,5% pasien meninggal dunia. Rata – rata LOS pasien adalah 8,9 ± 4,2 hari.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Shereen MA, Khan S, Kazmi A, Bashir N, Siddique R. COVID-19 infection: Origin, transmission, and characteristics of human coronaviruses. J Adv Res. 2020;24:91-98. doi:10.1016/j.jare.2020.03.005
Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. The Lancet. 2020;395(10223):497-506. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5
Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, et al. Clinical Characteristics of 138
Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA. 2020;323(11):1061. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.1585
Wu SS, Zhou QX, Zeng XY, et al. Comparative effectiveness and safety of 32 pharmacological interventions recommended by guidelines for coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review and network meta-analysis combining 66 trials. Chin Med J (Engl). 2021;134(16):1920-1929. doi:10.1097/CM9.0000000000001672
Liu L, Liu P, Xu Q, et al. [A pilot study of hydroxychloroquine in treatment of patients with moderate COVID-19]. Zhejiang Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban J Zhejiang Univ Med Sci. 2020;49(2):215-219. doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-9292.2020.03.03
Chen CP, Lin YC, Chen TC, et al. A multicenter, randomized, open-label, controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of hydroxychloroquine and a retrospective study in adult patients with mild to moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). PloS One. 2020;15(12):e0242763. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0242763
Zuñiga RAA, Coca SM, Abeldaño GF, González-Villoria RAM. Clinical effectiveness of drugs in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ther Adv Respir Dis.:11.
Abd-Elsalam S, Esmail ES, Khalaf M, et al. Hydroxychloroquine in the Treatment of COVID-19: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Study. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2020;103(4):1635-1639. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.20-0873
Johnson RM, Vinetz JM. Dexamethasone in the management of covid -19. BMJ. Published online July 3, 2020:m2648. doi:10.1136/bmj.m2648
Ren J ling, Zhang AH, Wang XJ. Traditional Chinese medicine for COVID-19 treatment. Pharmacol Res. 2020;155:104743. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104743
PDPI, PERKI, PAPDI, PERDATIN, IDAI. Revisi Protokol Tatalaksana COVID-19. Published online 2021.
Hajjar LA, Costa IBS da S, Rizk SI, et al. Intensive care management of patients with COVID-19: a practical approach. Ann Intensive Care. 2021;11(1):36. doi:10.1186/s13613-021-00820-w
Valladales-Restrepo LF, Giraldo-Correa JA, Aristizábal-Carmona BS, Constain-Mosquera CA, Sabogal-Ortiz A, Machado-Alba JE. Prescription Patterns of Drugs Given to Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study in Colombia. Antibiotics. 2022;11(3):333. doi:10.3390/antibiotics11030333
Biswas M, Rahaman S, Biswas TK, Haque Z, Ibrahim B. Association of Sex, Age, and Comorbidities with Mortality in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Intervirology. 2021;64(1):36-47. doi:10.1159/000512592
Leng J, Goldstein DR. Impact of aging on viral infections. Microbes Infect Inst Pasteur. 2010;12(14-15):1120-1124. doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2010.08.009
Sirijatuphat R, Suputtamongkol Y, Angkasekwinai N, et al. Epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes of patients with COVID-19 at Thailand’s university-based referral hospital. BMC Infect Dis. 2021;21(1):382. doi:10.1186/s12879-021-06081-z
Zhang H. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients out of Wuhan from China: a case control study. Published online 2021:7.
Wang B, Li R, Lu Z, Huang Y. Does comorbidity increase the risk of patients with COVID-19: evidence from meta-analysis. Aging. 2020;12(7):6049-6057. doi:10.18632/aging.103000
Uddin MS, Millat MdS, Baral PK, et al. The protective role of vitamin C in the management of COVID-19: A Review. J Egypt Public Health Assoc. 2021;96(1):33. doi:10.1186/s42506-021-00095-w
Kumar A, Kubota Y, Chernov M, Kasuya H. Potential role of zinc supplementation in prophylaxis and treatment of COVID-19. Med Hypotheses. 2020;144:109848. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109848
Bikdeli B, Madhavan MV, Jimenez D, et al. COVID-19 and Thrombotic or Thromboembolic Disease: Implications for Prevention, Antithrombotic Therapy, and Follow-Up: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;75(23):2950-2973. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2020.04.031
Wang J, Yang W, Chen P, et al. The proportion and effect of corticosteroid therapy in patients with COVID-19 infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLOS ONE. 2021;16(4):e0249481. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0249481
Shi C, Wang L, Ye J, et al. Predictors of mortality in patients with coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis. 2021;21(1):663. doi:10.1186/s12879-021-06369-0
Alwafi H, Naser AY, Qanash S, et al. Predictors of Length of Hospital Stay, Mortality, and Outcomes Among Hospitalised COVID-19 Patients in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2021;Volume 14:839-852. doi:10.2147/JMDH.S304788
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v19i4.74826
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 323 | views : 204Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.