Impact of Foot Care Education Program Using WhatsApp Group on Knowledge and Foot Care Practice in Diabetic Patients
Yogi Fitriadi(1*), Hari Kusnanto Josef(2), Cornelia Wahyu Danawati(3)
(1) Gadjah Mada University
(2) Gadjah Mada University
(3) Gadjah Mada University
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Background: Diabetic ulcers are still one of the complications of diabetes that cause high costs for treatment and cause disability in diabetic patients due to leg amputation. Diabetic ulcers can be prevented by properly controlling blood sugar levels and foot care practice. Primary care doctors can provide knowledge about foot care practice to the community through Whatsapp Group. Whatsapp Group as one of the social media that is easily accessible via mobile phone can be used to carry out health education to the community continuously.
Objectives: Determine the impact of foot care education through Whatsapp Group on knowledge and foot care practice of diabetic patients.
Methods: Quasi experimental one group pretest and posttest design was be utilized in this study. Samples were obtained by purposive sampling from diabetic patients who visited and participated in Program Penanggulangan Penyakit Kronis activity in a primary healthcare clinic in Semarang at December 2020 until January 2021. Data were analyzed using the Friedman test and post Hoc Wilcoxon test.
Results: Thirty six diabetic patients met the inclusion criteria. The median, minimum, and maximum score of the foot care knowledge before education through Whatsapp Group was 10 (4-13) and the score of foot care practice was 40 (21-56). Immediately after education, the score of knowledge was 12 (9-14) and foot care practice was 49.5 (23-69). One month after education, the knowledge score was 13 (9-14) and the foot care practice score was 50 (26-73). From the Friedman test, it was obtained p value = 0.00 (<0.05) and the Wilcoxon post hoc test p value = 0.00 (<0.05) for the knowledge and foot care practice before and immediately-one month after education. The post hoc Wilcoxon test results p value = 0.24 and p value = 0.79 for the score of knowledge and foot care practice immediately and one month after education.
Conclusion: Foot care education through Whatsapp Group has an impact on knowledge and foot care practice for diabetic patients. There is an increase in knowledge and foot care practice after providing education through Whatsapp Group.
Keywords: Foot Care Education, Whatsapp Group, Knowledge, Foot Care Practice, Diabetes
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
- Anselmo MI, Nery M, Parisi MC. The effectiveness of educational practice in diabetic foot: a view from Brazil. Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome. 2010 Dec;2(1):1-4.
- Chellan G, Srikumar S, Varma AK, Mangalanandan TS, Sundaram KR, Jayakumar RV, et al. Foot care practice: the key to prevent diabetic foot ulcers in India. The Foot. 2012 Dec 1;22(4):298-302.
- Al-Kaabi JM, Al Maskari F, Cragg P, Afandi B, Souid AK. Illiteracy and diabetic foot complications. Primary Care Diabetes. 2015 Dec 1;9(6):465-72.
- Amin L, Shah BR, Bierman AS, Lipscombe LL, Wu CF, Feig DS, et al. Gender differences in the impact of poverty on health: disparities in risk of diabetes‐related amputation. Diabetic Medicine. 2014 Nov;31(11):1410-7.
- Laranjo L, Arguel A, Neves AL, Gallagher AM, Kaplan R, Mortimer N, et al. The influence of social networking sites on health behavior change: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association. 2015 Jan 1;22(1):243-56.
- Montag C, Błaszkiewicz K, Sariyska R, Lachmann B, Andone I, Trendafilov B, et al. Smartphone usage in the 21st century: who is active on WhatsApp?. BMC Research Notes. 2015 Dec;8(1):1-6.
- Kamel Boulos MN, Giustini DM, Wheeler S. Instagram and WhatsApp in health and healthcare: an overview. Future Internet. 2016 Sep;8(3):37.
- Magbanua E, Lim-Alba R. Knowledge and practice of diabetic foot care in patients with diabetes at chinese general hospital and medical center. Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies. 2017;32(2):123-30.
- Idris H, Hasyim H, Utama F. Analysis of diabetes mellitus determinants in Indonesia: a study from the Indonesian Basic Health Research 2013. Acta Med Indones. 2017;49(4):291-8.
- Saleh NM, Shebl A, Hatata E, Refiei M. Impact of educational program about foot care on knowledge and self care practice for diabetic older adult patients. J Am Sci. 2012;8(12):1444-52. (ISSN: 1545-1003). Available from: http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
- Fouad RA. Common foot health problems and measures to prevent it among diabetic geriatric patients. Journal of the Medical Research Institute (MRI). 2009 Dec 1;30(2):118-27.
- Kautzky-Willer A, Harreiter J, Pacini G. Sex and gender differences in risk, pathophysiology and complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Endocrine Reviews. 2016 Jun 1 [cited 2021 March 20];37(3):278-316. Available from: press.endocrine.org.
- Munali M, Kusnanto K, Nihayati HE, Arifin H, Pradipta RO. Foot care education on knowledge, attitude and prevention of diabetic foot ulcer. Critical Medical and Surgical Nursing Journal. 2019 Jul 16;8(1):23-30. Available from: https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/CMSNJ.
- Mahdalena M, Ningsih ES. Effectivity of foot care education program in improving knowledge, self-efficacy and foot care behavior among diabetes mellitus patients in Banjarbaru, Indonesia. Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional (National Public Health Journal). 2016 Nov 30;11(2):56-60. doi:10.21109/kesmas.v11i2.583.
- Moradi A, Alavi SM, Salimi M, Nouhjah S, Shahvali EA. The effect of short message service (SMS) on knowledge and preventive behaviors of diabetic foot ulcer in patients with diabetes type 2. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews. 2019 Mar 1;13(2):1255-60.
- Ali MM, Ghonem SE. Effectiveness of health education program regarding foot self-care on risk for developing foot ulcer among patients with diabetes. American Journal of Nursing. 2019 Sep 29;8(5):280-93. doi: 10.11648/j.ajns.20190805.20.
- de Oliveira CM, Viater Tureck L, Alvares D, Liu C, Horimoto AR, Balcells M, de Oliveira Alvim R, Krieger JE, Pereira AC. Relationship between marital status and incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Brazilian rural population: the Baependi Heart Study. PLoS ONE. 2020 Aug 3;15(8):e0236869. doi: 10.1371/journal. pone.0236869.
- Pinchevsky Y, Butkow N, Raal FJ, Chirwa T, Rothberg A. Demographic and clinical factors associated with development of type 2 diabetes: a review of the literature. International Journal of General Medicine. 2020;13:121–129. doi:10.2147/ijgm.s226010.
- Dean, Laru. The genetic landscape of diabetes. Chapter 3 Genetic Factors in Type 2 Diabetes National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 2004[cited 2021 March 20]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1665/
- Rahman HF, Santoso AW, Siswanto H. Influence of foot care education with a Media Flip Chart against the change in the client behaviour of diabetes mellitus. Jurnal Nasional Ilmu Kesehatan (JNIK) LP2M Unhas. 2020;2(3):151-168.
- Dawes MG, Kaczorowski J, Swanson G, Hickey J, Karwalajtys T. The effect of a patient education booklet and BP ‘tracker’on knowledge about hypertension: a randomized controlled trial. Family Practice. 2010 Oct 1;27(5):472-8.
- Soundarya M, Asha A, Mohan V. Role of a diabetes educator in the management of diabetes. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries. 2004;24(4):65-8.
- Moradi A, Mojadam M, Shojaeizadeh D, Ghazanfari Z, Haghighizadeh MH. Effect of precede model-based education on quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Res Health. 2017;7(3):860-8.
- Van Der Heide I, Wang J, Droomers M, Spreeuwenberg P, Rademakers J, Uiters E. The relationship between health, education, and health literacy: results from the Dutch Adult Literacy and Life Skills Survey. Journal of Health Communication. 2013 Dec 4;18(sup1):172-84. doi: 10.1080/10810730.2013.825668.
- Meppelink CS, van Weert JC, Haven CJ, Smit EG. The effectiveness of health animations in audiences with different health literacy levels: an experimental study. J Med Internet Res. 2015;17(1):e11. doi: 10.2196/jmir.3979.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/rpcpe.65439
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 2195 | views : 1972Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2021 Yogi Fitriadi, Hari Kusnanto Josef, Cornelia Wahyu Danawati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.