THE PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE AND PRODUCTIVITY OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.) ‘Sweet Boy-02’ IN DIFFERENT LIGHT AND WATER TREATMENT
Hafidha Asni Akmalia(1*), E. Suharyanto(2)
(1) Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Keguruan Institut Agama Islam Negeri Antasari, Banjarmasin
(2) Fakultas Biologi Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Physiological response is one of adaptation in plant toward its environment. This is related to plant productivity because there is a different physiological mechanism playing an important role in phenotype and productivity. The aims of the research were (1) to evaluate physiological response of maize in different light and water treatment, and (2) to determine the right light and water treatment to increase maize productivity. This research used Randomized Completed Design with 3 regimes of light intensity (63694, 11408 dan 3897 Lux) and 3 regimes of watering (2 L/ 1,6 L/ and 1,2 L). Each combination was done with 3 replications. Maize was harvested in 75 days after the treatment and the measured physiological responses were chlorophyll content, proline content, and root length meanwhile the plant productivity was seen from the fruit. Data were analyzed by Anava and DMRT test with significance level of 5%. The results showed that the light intensity L1 (63694 Lux) and watering W1 (2 L) increased the chlorophyll content, and produvtivity while proline content and root length increased under high light intensity L1 (63694 Lux) and drought W2 (1,6 L)-W3 (1,2 L). The optimal productivity presented in treatment L1 (63694 Lux) and W1 (2 L) seen from the heaviest fruit.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Achard, P., H. Cheng, L. De Grauwe, J. Decat, H. Schoutteten, T. Moritz, D. van Der Straeten, J. Peng, and N.P. Harberd. 2006. Integration of plant responses to environmentally activated phytohormonal signals. Science. 311 (5757) : 91-94.
Alberte, R.S., and J.P. Thornber. 1977. Water stress effect on the content and organization of chlorophyll in mesophyll and bundle sheath chloroplast of maize. Plant Physiology. 59 (3) : 351-353.
Aronoff, S. 1950. Chlorophyll. Springer, New York Botanical Garden.
BBC. 2007. Major Impacts : Climate Change. Mei. Compass Resource Management.
Barber, S.A., A.D. Mackay, R.O. Kuchenbuch, and P.B. Barraclough. 1988. Effects of soil temperature and water on maize root growth. Plant and Soil. 111 (2) : 267-269.
Beale, S.I., and P.A. Castelfranco. 1974. The biosynthesis of aminolevulinic acid in higher plants. Plant Physiology. 53 (2) : 291-296.
Bodson, M., and W.H. Outlaw Jr. 1985. Elevation in the sucrose content of the shoot apical meristem of Sinapis alba at floral evocation. Plant Physiol. 79: 420-424.
Boyer, J.S., and M.E. Westgate. 2004. Grain yields with limited water. Journal of Experimental Botany. 55 (470) : 2385-2394.
Chereskin, B.M., and P.A. Castelfranco. 1982. Effects of iron and oxygen on chlorophyll biosynthesis. Plant Physiology. 69 (1) : 112-116.
Campbell, A.W., W.B. Griffin, D.J. Burrit, and A.J. Conner. 2001. The importance of light intensity for pollen tube growth and embryo survival in wheat x maize crosses. Annals of Botany. 87 (4) : 517-522.
Castro-Nava, S., J. Ortiz-Cereceres, M del C. Mendoza-Castillo, and A.J. Huerta. 2012. Biomass production and grain yield of three sorghum lines differing in drought resistance. Pyton. 81 : 149-156.
Dalal, V.K., and B.C. Tripathy. 2012. Modulation of chlorophyll biosynthesis by water stress in rice seedlings during chloroplast biogenesis. Plant Cell Environment. 35 (9) :1685-703.
Dallmier, K.A., and C.R. Stewart. 1992. Effect of exogenous abscisic acid on proline dehydrogenase activity in maize (Zea mays L.). Plant Physiology. 99 : 762-764.
Edreira, J.I., and M.E. Otegui. 2012. Heat stress in temperate and tropical maize hybrids : Differences in crop growth, biomass partitioning and reserves use. Field Crops Research. 130 : 87-98.
El-Soda, M., M. Malosetti, B.J. Zwaan, M. Koornneef, and M.G.M. Aarts. 2014. Genotype x environment interaction QTL mapping in plants : lessons from Arabidopsis. Trends in Plant Science. 19 (6) : 390-396.
Hayat, S., Q. Hayat, M. N. Alyement, A.S. Wani, J. Pichtel, and A. Ahmad. 2012. Role of proline under changing environments. Plant Signaling and Behaviour. 11 : 1456-1466.
Jagtap, V., S. Bhargava, P. Strep, and J. Feierabend. 1998. Comparative effect of water, heat and light stresses on photosynthetic reactions in sorghum. Journal of Experimental Botany. 49 (327) : 1715-1721.
Jenks, M.A. 2007. Advances in Molecular Breeding Toward Drought and Salt Tolerance Crops. Springer.
Jia, S., C. Li, S. Dong, and J. Zhang. 2011. Effects of shading at different stages after anthesis on maize grain weight and quality at cytology level. Agricultural Sciences in China. 10 (1) : 58-69.
Jones, O.T.G. 1976. Chlorophyll a biosynthesis. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. 273 (924) : 207-225.
Kircher, S., and P. Schopfer. 2012. Photosynthetic sucrose acts as cotyledon-derived longdistance signal to control root growth during early seedling development in Arabidopsis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences : 11217-11221.
Kurata, T., and K.T. Yamamoto. 1997. Light stimulated root elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Journal of Plant Physiology. 151 : 346-355.
Lambers, H., and F. Posthumus. 1980. The effect of light intensity and relative humidity on growth and root respiration of Plantago lanceolata and Zea mays. Journal of Experimental Botany. 31 (125) : 1621-1630.
Larcher, W. 1995. Physiological Plant Ecology. Springer Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
Lehninger. 1982. Principles of Biochemistry. W. H. Freeman and Company. Terjemahan. M. Thenawidjaja. 2000. Dasar-dasar Biokimia. Erlangga. Jakarta.
Lerner, H.R. 1999. Plant Responses to Environmental Stresses : from Phytohormones to Genome Reorganization. Marcel Dekker, Inc.
Leucci, M.R., M.S. Lenucci, G. Piro, and G. Dalessandro. 2008. Water stress and cell wall polysaccharides in the apical root zone of wheat cultivars varying in drought tolerance. Journal of Plant Physiology. 165 : 1168-1180.
Levy, Y.Y., and C. Dean. 1998. The transition to flowering. The Plant Cell. 10 (12) : 1973-1989.
Lisar, S.Y.S., R. Motafakkerazad, M.M. Hossain, and I.M.M. Rahman. 2014. Water Stress in Plants : Causes, Effects and Responses.
http://www.intechopen.com/books/water-stress/water-stress-in-plants-causes-effects-and-responses. 20 Desember 2014 (14.00)
Liu, Q.H., X. Wu, B.C. Chen, J.Q. Ma, and J. Gao. 2014. Effects of low light on agronomic and physiological characteristic of rice including grain yield and quality. Rice Science. 21 (5) : 243-251.
Liu, Y., S. Yang, X. Chen, and F. Chen. 2010. Growth and development of maize (Zea mays L.) in response to different field water management practices : Resource capture and use efficiency. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 150 : 606-613.
Marsh Jr, H.V., H.J. Evans, and Matrone. 1963. Investigation of the role of iron in chlorophyll metabolism : I.Effect of iron deficiency on chlorophyll and heme content and on the activities of certain enzymes in leaves. Plant Physiology. 38 (6) : 632-638.
Mercer, K.L., H.R. Perales, and J.D. Wainwright. 2012. Climate change and the transgenic adaptation strategy : Smallholder livelihoods, climate justice, and maize landraces in Mexico. Global Environmental Change. 22 : 495-504.
Mwanamwenge, J., S.P. Loss, K.H.M. Siddique, and P.S. Cocks. 1999. Effect of water stress during floral initiation, flowering and podding on the growth and yield of faba bean (Vicia faba L.). European Journal of Agronomy. 11 : 1-11.
Ober, E.S., and R.E. Sharp. 1994. Proline accumulation in maize (Zea mays L.) primary roots at low water potentials. Plant Physiology. 105 : 981-987.
Pangerteni, D.S. 2006. Aplikasi irradiasi gamma pada daya simpan baby corn (Zea mays) segar. Prosiding Pertemuan dan Presentasi Ilmiah BATAN : 134-147.
Parry, M.A.J., P.J. Andralojc, S. Khan, P.J. Lea, and A.J. Keys. 2002. Rubisco activity : Effects of drought stress. Annals of Botany. 89 : 833-839.
Pligiucci, M. 2005. Evolution of phenotypic plasticity : we are we going now. Trends in Ecology and Evolution. 20 (9) : 481-486.
Reinbothe, S., and C. Reinbothe. 1996. Regulation of chlorophyll biosynthesis in angiosperms. Plant Physiology. 111 : 1-7.
Rejeb, K.B., C. Abdelly, and A. Savoure. 2014. How reactive oxygen species and proline face stress together. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 80 : 278-284.
Ruan, Y.L., Y. Jin, Y.J. Yang, G. J. Li, and J.S. Boyer. 2010. Sugar input, metabolism, and signaling mediated by invertase : Roles in development, yield potential, and reponse to drought and heat. Molecular Plant. 3 (6) : 942-955.
Ruan, Y.L., J.W. Patrick, M. Bouzayen, S. Osorio, and A.R. Fernie. 2012. Molecular regulation of seed and fruit set. Trends in Plant Science. 17 (11) : 656-665.
Saab, I.N., R.E.Sharp, J. Pritchard, and G.S. Voetberg. 1990. Increased endogenous abscisic acid maintains primary root growth and inhibits shoot growth of maize seedlings at low water potentials. Plant Physiology. 93 : 1329-1336.
Sedgley, M., and M.S. Buttrose. 1977. Some effects of light intensity, daylength, and temperature on flowering and pollen tube growth in the watermelon (Citrullus lannatus). Annals of Botany. 42 (179) : 609-616.
Sharp, R.E., V. Poroyko, L.G. Hejlek, W.G. Spollen, G.K. Springer, H.J. Bohnert, and H.T. Nguyen. 2004. Root growth maintenance during water deficits physiology to functional genomies. Journal of Experimental Botany. 55 (407) : 2343-2351.
Spollen, W.G.G., M.E. LeNoble, T.D. Samuels, N. Bernstein, and R.E. Sharp. 2000. Abscisic acid accumulation maintains maize primary root elongation at low water potentials by restricting ethylene production. Plant Physiology. 122 (3) : 967-976.
Spyropoulos, C.G., and M. Mavrommatis. 1978. Effect of water stress on pigment formation in Quercus species. Journal of Experimental Botany. 29 (109) : 473-477.
Stagnari, F., A. Galieni, S. Speca, and M. Pisante. 2014. Water stress effects on growth, yield and quality traits of red beet. Scientia Horticulturae. 165 : 13-22.
Stewart, C.R. 1980. The mechanism of abscisic acid-induced proline accumulation in barley leaves. Plant Physiology. 66 : 230-233.
Taiz, L. and E. Zeiger. 2002. Plant Physiology. 3rd ed. Sinauer Associates, Inc.Publisher. Sunderland, Massachussets.
Thomas, H. 1997. Chlorophyll : a symptom and a regulator of plastid development. New Phytologist. 136 (2) : 163-18
UNEP. 2003. How Will Global Warming Affect My World.
http://www.unep.org/delc/Portals/119/ipcc_wgii_guide-E.pdf. 8 September 2014 (09.35).
Verslues, P.E., and E.A. Bray. 2006. Role of abscisic acid (ABA) and Arabidopsis thaliana ABA-insensitive loci in low water potential-induced ABA and proline accumulation. Journal of Experimental Botany. 57 (1) : 201-212.
VijayaVenkataRaman, S., S. Iniyan, and R.Goic. 2012. A review of climate change, mitigation and adaptation. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 16 : 878-897.
Wang, X., T. Liu, C. Li, and H. Chen. 2012. Effects of soil flooding on photosynthesis and growth of Zea mays L., seedlings under different light intensities. African Journal of Biotechnology. 11 (30) : 7676-7685.
Watkiss, P., T. Downing, C. Handley, and R. Butterfield. 2005. The Impacts and Costs of Climate Change. AEA Technology Environment.
Webb, D.P. 1976. Root growth in Acer saccharum Marsh. Seedlings : Effects of light intensity and photopheriod on root elongation rates. Botanical Gazette. 137 (3) : 211-217.
Wu, Y., W.G. Spollen, R.E. Sharp, P.R. Hetherington, and S.C. Fry. 1994. Root growth maintenance at low water potentials : Increase activity of xyloglucan endotransglycosylase and its possible regulation by abscisic acid. Plant Physiology. 106 : 607-615.
Wu, Y., R.E. Sharp, D.M. Durachko, and D.J. Cosgrove.1996. Growth maintenance of maize primary root at low water potentials involves increases in cell-wall extension properties, expansin activity, and wall susceptibility to expansins. Plant Physiology. 111 (3) : 765772.
Wu, Y., and Cosgrove, D.J. 2000. Adaptation of roots to low water potentials by changes in cell wall extensibility and cell wall proteins. Journal of Experimental Botany. 51 (350) : 15431553.
Xu, Z.Z., and G.S. Zhou. 2005. Effects of water stress on photosynthesis and nitrogen metabolism in vegetative and reproductive shoots of Leymus chinensis. Photosynthetica. 43 (1) : 29-35.
Yang, J., and J. Zhang. 2005. Grain filling of cereals under soil drying. New Phytologist. 169 (2) : 223-236.
Yoshiba, Y., T. Kiyosue, K. Nakashima, K. Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, and K. Shinozaki. 1997. Regulation of levels of proline as an osmolyte in plants under water stress. Plant Cell Physiology. 38 (10) : 1095-1102.
Yoshida, S., and T. Hara. 1977. Effects of air temperature and light on grain filling of indica and a japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.) under controlled environmental conditions. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 23 (1) : 93-107.
Zhu, J., S. Alvarez, E.L. Marsh, M.E. LeNoble, I.J. Cho, M. Sivaguru, S. Chen, H.T. Nguyen, Y. Wu, D.P. Schachtman, and R.E. Sharp. 2007. Cell wall proteome in the maize primary root elongation zone. II. Region-spesific changes in water soluble and lightly ionically bounds protein under water deficit. Plant Physiology. 145 (4) : 1533-1548.
Zlatev, Z.S., and I.T. Yordanov. 2004. Effect of soil drought on photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluororesence in bean plants. Bulgarian Journal of Plant Physiology. 30 (3-4) : 3-18.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/teknosains.22648
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 4217 | views : 15402Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2017 Hafidha Asni Akmalia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright © 2024 Jurnal Teknosains Submit an Article Tracking Your Submission
Editorial Policies Publishing System Copyright Notice Site Map Journal History Visitor Statistics Abstracting & Indexing