Pengaruh campuran bahan bakar pertalite-bioetanol biji sorghum pada mesin bensin

https://doi.org/10.22146/teknosains.40502

Abdi Hanra Sebayang(1*), Husin Ibrahim(2), Surya Dharma(3), Arridina Susan Silitonga(4), Berta Br Ginting(5), Natalina Damanik(6)

(1) Politeknik Negeri Medan
(2) Politeknik Negeri Medan
(3) Politeknik Negeri Medan
(4) Politeknik Negeri Medan
(5) Politeknik Negeri Medan
(6) PT PLN (Persero) Puslitbang Ketenagalistrikan (Research Institute)
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


The depletion of fossil fuels, rising of earth temperatures and declining of air quality are an unavoidable phenomenon today. This condition is a result of increased and excessive use of fossil fuels. Bioethanol fuel is one solution to reduce this problem that is sourced from renewable raw materials. Sorghum seeds are raw materials that have the potential to be made bioethanol due to they have a high carbohydrate content (70%). The test is performed the use of pertalite-bioethanol blends fuels was on a four-stroke gasoline engine without modification. The percentage of the mixture volume of fuel used is 10% bioethanol-90% pertalite (E10), 15% bioethanol-85% pertalite (E15) and 20% bioethanol-80% pertalite (E20). Engine speeds vary from 1000 to 4000 rpm, and properties of the sorghum seeds bioethanol-pertalite blends are measured and analyzed. The purpose of this study is to investigate engine performance and exhaust emissions at gasoline engine by using the sorghum seeds bioethanol-pertalite blends with different mixed ratios (E10, E15 and E20). The Engine performance includes engine torque, brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and thermal brake efficiency (BTE) analyzed. In addition, carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions are measured as gasoline engine exhaust emissions. The results show that BSFC decreased while BTE increased for a fuel blends containing 20% bioethanol at 3500 rpm engine speed, with each maximum value of 246.93 g/kWh and 36.28%. It is also found that CO and HC emissions are lower for the sorghum seeds bioethanol-pertalite blends. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the sorghum seeds bioethanol-pertalite blends can improve engine performance and reduce exhaust gas emissions.

Keywords


Bioethanol

Full Text:

PDF


References

Aditiya, H.B., Mahlia, T.M.I., Chong, W., Nur, H., dan Sebayang, A.H. 2016. Second Generation Bioethanol Production: A Critical Review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 66: 631-653.

Alptekin, E., Canakci, M., Ozsezen, A.N., Turkcan, A., dan Sanli, H. 2015. Using Waste Animal Fat Based Biodiesels–Bioethanol–Diesel Fuel Blends in a DI Diesel Engine. Fuel, 157: 245-254.

Barcelos, C., Maeda, R., Betancur, G., dan Pereira Jr, N. 2011. Ethanol Production from Sorghum Grains [Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench]: Evaluation of the Enzymatic Hydrolysis and the Hydrolysate Fermentability. Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 28: 597-604.

Canakci, M., Ozsezen, A.N., Alptekin, E., dan Eyidogan, M. 2013. Impact of Alcohol–Gasoline Fuel Blends on the Exhaust Emission of an SI Engine. Renewable Energy, 52: 111-117.

Çay, Y., Korkmaz, I., Çiçek, A., dan Kara, F. 2013. Prediction of Engine Performance and Exhaust Emissions for Gasoline and Methanol using Artificial Neural Network. Energy, 50: 177-186.

Celik, M.B. 2008. Experimental Determination of Suitable Ethanol–Gasoline Blend Rate at High Compression Ratio for Gasoline Engine. Applied Thermal Engineering, 28: 396-404.

Chansauria, P., dan Mandloi, R. 2018. Effects of Ethanol Blends on Performance of Spark Ignition Engine-a Review. Materials Today: Proceedings, 5: 4066-4077.

Costa, R.C., dan Sodré, J.R. 2010. Hydrous Ethanol Vs. Gasoline-Ethanol Blend: Engine Performance and Emissions. Fuel, 89: 287-293.

Deesuth, O., Laopaiboon, P., Klanrit, P., dan Laopaiboon, L. 2015. Improvement of Ethanol Production from Sweet Sorghum Juice Under High Gravity and Very High Gravity Conditions: Effects of Nutrient Supplementation and Aeration. Industrial Crops and Products, 74: 95-102.

Elhassan, M.S., Emmambux, M.N., Hays, D.B., Peterson, G.C., dan Taylor, J.R. 2015. Novel Biofortified Sorghum Lines with Combined Waxy (High Amylopectin) Starch and High Protein Digestibility Traits: Effects on Endosperm and Flour Properties. Journal of Cereal Science, 65: 132-139.

Eyidogan, M., Ozsezen, A.N., Canakci, M., dan Turkcan, A. 2010. Impact of Alcohol–Gasoline Fuel Blends on the Performance and Combustion Characteristics of an SI Engine. Fuel, 89: 2713-2720.

Ghazikhani, M., Hatami, M., Safari, B., dan Ganji, D.D. 2013. Experimental Investigation of Performance Improving and Emissions Reducing in a Two Stroke SI Engine by using Ethanol Additives. Propulsion and Power Research, 2: 276-283.

Houx III, J.H., dan Fritschi, F.B. 2015. Influence of Late Planting on Light Interception, Radiation use Efficiency and Biomass Production of Four Sweet Sorghum Cultivars. Industrial Crops and Products, 76: 62-68.

Ibrahim, H., Sebayang, A.H., Dharma, S., dan Silitonga, A.S. 2017. Prediksi Kinerja Mesin Diesel dengan Bahan Bakar Biodiesel-Solar menggunakan Artificial Neural Network. Jurnal Muara Sains, Teknologi, Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, 1.

Karaaslan, S., Erman, C., Hepkaya, E., dan Yücel, N. 2011. Numerical Investigation of Ethanol Fuel Blends on Engine Performance Characteristics by using Diesel-RK Software. International Scientific Journal: 36-39.

Koç, M., Sekmen, Y., Topgül, T., dan Yücesu, H.S. 2009. The Effects of Ethanol–Unleaded Gasoline Blends on Engine Performance and Exhaust Emissions in a Spark-Ignition Engine. Renewable Energy, 34: 2101-2106.

Marx, S., Ndaba, B., Chiyanzu, I., dan Schabort, C. 2014. Fuel Ethanol Production From Sweet Sorghum Bagasse using Microwave Irradiation. Biomass and Bioenergy, 65: 145-150.

Masum, B., Kalam, M., Masjuki, H., Palash, S., dan Fattah, I.R. 2014. Performance and Emission Analysis of a Multi Cylinder Gasoline Engine Operating at Different Alcohol–Gasoline Blends. RSC Advances, 4: 27898-27904.

Masum, B., Masjuki, H., Kalam, M., Fattah, I.R., Palash, S., dan Abedin, M. 2013. Effect of Ethanol–Gasoline Blend on Nox Emission in SI Engine. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 24: 209-222.

Masum, B., Masjuki, H.H., Kalam, M.A., Palash, S., dan Habibullah, M. 2015. Effect of Alcohol–Gasoline Blends Optimization on Fuel Properties, Performance and Emissions of a SI Engine. Journal of Cleaner Production, 86: 230-237.

Mehboob, S., Ali, T.M., Alam, F., dan Hasnain, A. 2015. Dual Modification of Native White Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor) Starch via Acid Hydrolysis and Succinylation. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 64: 459-467.

Miller, G.L. 1959. Use of Dinitrosalicylic Acid Reagent for Determination of Reducing Sugar. Analytical Chemistry, 31: 426-428.

Najafi, G., Ghobadian, B., Tavakoli, T., Buttsworth, D., Yusaf, T., dan Faizollahnejad, M. 2009. Performance and Exhaust Emissions of a Gasoline Engine With Ethanol Blended Gasoline Fuels Using Artificial Neural Network. Applied Energy, 86: 630-639.

Ozsezen, A.N., dan Canakci, M. 2011. Performance and Combustion Characteristics of Alcohol–Gasoline Blends at Wide-Open Throttle. Energy, 36: 2747-2752.

Pengilly, C., García-Aparicio, M., Diedericks, D., Brienzo, M., dan Görgens, J. 2015. Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Steam-Pretreated Sweet Sorghum Bagasse by Combinations of Cellulase and Endo-Xylanase. Fuel, 154: 352-360.

Saikrishnan, V., Karthikeyan, A., dan Jayaprabakar, J. 2018. Analysis of Ethanol Blends on Spark Ignition Engines. International Journal of Ambient Energy, 39: 103-107.

Schifter, I., Diaz, L., Rodriguez, R., Gómez, J., dan Gonzalez, U. 2011. Combustion and Emissions Behavior for Ethanol–Gasoline Blends in a Single Cylinder Engine. Fuel, 90: 3586-3592.

Sebayang, A.H., Masjuki, H., Ong, H.C., Dharma, S., Silitonga, A.S., Kusumo, F., dan Milano, J. 2017a. Optimization of Bioethanol Production from Sorghum Grains using Artificial Neural Networks Integrated with Ant Colony. Industrial Crops and Products, 97: 146-155.

Sebayang, A.H., Masjuki, H., Ong, H.C., Dharma, S., Silitonga, A.S., Kusumo, F., dan Milano, J. 2017b. Prediction of Engine Performance and Emissions with Manihot Glaziovii Bioethanol− Gasoline Blended using Extreme Learning Machine. Fuel, 210: 914-921.

Sebayang, A.H., Masjuki, H., Ong, H.C., Dharma, S., Silitonga, A.S., Mahlia, T.M.I., dan Aditiya, H.B. 2016. A perspective on Bioethanol Production from Biomass as Alternative Fuel for Spark Ignition Engine. RSC Advances, 6: 14964-14992.

Teoh, Y., Masjuki, H.H., Kalam, M., dan How, H. 2015. Comparative Assessment of Performance, Emissions and Combustion Characteristics of Gasoline/Diesel and Gasoline/Biodiesel in a Dual-Fuel Engine. RSC Advances, 5: 71608-71619.

Widianto, D., Pramita, A.D., dan Wedhastri, S. 2013. Perbaikan Proses Fermentasi Biji Kakao Kering dengan Penambahan Tetes Tebu, Khamir, dan Bakteri Asam Asetat. Jurnal Teknosains, 3(1):38-44.

Yücesu, H.S., Topgül, T., Cinar, C., dan Okur, M. 2006. Effect of Ethanol–Gasoline Blends on Engine Performance and Exhaust Emissions in Different Compression Ratios. Applied Thermal Engineering, 26: 2272-2278.

Zhang, C., Xie, G., Li, S., Ge, L., dan He, T. 2010. The Productive Potentials of Sweet Sorghum Ethanol in China. Applied Energy, 87: 2360-2368.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/teknosains.40502

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 4534 | views : 4350

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2020 Abdi H. Sebayang; Dharma; A.S. Silitonga; Ginting;dan N. Damanik

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.




Copyright © 2024 Jurnal Teknosains     Submit an Article        Tracking Your Submission

Editorial Policies       Publishing System       Copyright Notice       Site Map       Journal History      Visitor Statistics     Abstracting & Indexing