Safeguarding Lives: Unveiling the Five Critical Moments of Medication Safety in Hypertension Management within Indonesian Primary Healthcare Settings
Abstract
Medication safety is a critical concern for patients with hypertension because proper medication management is essential for controlling blood pressure and preventing complications. Medication errors that often occur in patients with hypertension are classified as those resulting from patient, dispenser, or prescription errors. Aim: This study aimed to investigate medication safety among hypertensive patients, focusing on their practices in medication safety in primary healthcare settings. This observational cross-sectional study was conducted between February and December 2023 in primary healthcare facilities in Surabaya, Indonesia. The study applied the WHO's "Five Moments for Medication Safety" framework to develop a comprehensive self-administered questionnaire. Participants included hypertensive patients aged > 18 years with a minimum three-months diagnosis. This study revealed intriguing patterns in medication safety practice. Notably, significant differences were observed based on education level (p=0.000), occupation type (p=0.005), and salary (p=0.000) but not sex or comorbidities. A negative correlation between age and medication safety practice (p=0.010; r=-0.228) was found, whereas hypertension duration showed no correlation. Amlodipine (10 mg) emerged as the predominant antihypertensive medication, with diabetes being the most common comorbidity. This study provides novel insights into the socioeconomic determinants of medication safety practices in patients with hypertension. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions that address these factors to enhance patient outcomes. This study opens new avenues for exploring specific educational and economic strategies to improve medication safety in primary care settings, potentially revolutionizing hypertension management.
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