Correlation between the degree of leukoaraiosis and hyperlipidemia in post-ischemic stroke patients

Dian Angraeni; Lina Choridah; Evi Artsini

doi:10.19106/JMedSci005502202304

Correlation between the degree of leukoaraiosis and hyperlipidemia in post-ischemic stroke patients

https://doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005502202304

Dian Angraeni^(1*), Lina Choridah⁽²⁾, Evi Artsini⁽³⁾

(1) Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, and Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(2) Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, and Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(3) Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, and Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Leukoaraiosis is a neurological imaging in the periventricular area and the centrum semiovale. This condition occurs due to abnormalities in the small blood vessels in the brain that lead to hypoxia. It is often observed in patients with ischemic stroke and accompanied by risk factors for hyperlipidemia. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between the degree of leukoaraiosis and hyperlipidemia in post-ischemic stroke patients. A cross-sectional study retrospectively was conducted on post-ischemic stroke patients who underwent brain MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) on T2 and FLAIR (fluid-attenuated inversion recovery) sequence at the Department of Radiology, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, from January 2021 to March 2022. A total of 36 patients were involved in this study. The leukoaraiosis of patient was examined by brain MRI. Degree of the leukoaraiosis was determined based on Fazekas classification. Serum cholesterol, HDL (high-density lipoprotein), LDL (low-density lipoprotein), and triglyceride levels of patients were then examined. The data obtained were then analyzed using Spearman correlation test. A positive correlation was observed between the degree of leukoaraiosis and triglyceride level (p = 0.042; r = 0.292) and age (p= 0.004; r = 0.464). However, no correlation was observed between the degree of leukoaraiosis and cholesterol, HDL, and LDL (p>0.05). In conclusion, the leukoaraiosis degree is correlated with serum triglyceride levels and age in post-ischemic stroke patients.

Keywords

leukoaraiosis; hyperlipidemia; post-ischemic stroke; correlation

Full Text:

PDF

References

1.Marek M, Horyniecki M, Frączek M, Kluczewska E. Leukoaraiosis new concepts and modern imaging. Pol J Radiol 2018; 83:e76–81.
https://doi.org/10.5114/pjr.2018.74344.
2.Ben Assayag E, Mijajlovic M, Shenhar S. Leukoaraiosis is a chronic atherosclerotic disease. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 532141.
https://doi.org/10.1100/2012/53214.
3.Duan W , Pu Y , Liu H , Jing J , Pan Y , Zou X , Wang Y, et al. Association between leukoaraiosis and symptomatic intracranial large artery stenoses and occlusions: the Chinese Intracranial Atherosclerosis (CICAS) Study. Aging Dis 2018; 9(6): 1074-83.
https://doi.org/10.14336/AD.2018.0118
4.Huo L, Chen P, Wang Z, Li X, Zhou J, Wang C, et al. Impact of leukoaraiosis severity on the association of outcomes of mechanical; thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke: a systematic review and a meta-analysis. J Neurol 2020; 268:4108-16.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-020-10167-0
5.O’Sullivan M. Leukoaraiosis. Pract Neurol 2008; 8:26–38.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.2007.139428
6.Wiszniewska M, Devuyst G, Bogousslavsky J, Ghika J, Melle G. What is significance of leukoaraiosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Arch Neurol 2000; 57: 967-73.
https://doi.org/10.1001/archneur.57.7.967
7.Chutinet A, Biffi A, Kanakis A, Fitzpatrick K, Furie K, Rost N. Severity of leukoaraiosis in large vessel atherosclerotic disease. Am J Neuroradiol 2012; 33(8):1591–5.
https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A3015
8.Conde J, Biffi A, Rahman R, Butler C, Massasa E, Sonni S. Hyperlipidemia and reduced white matter hyperintensity volume in patients with ischemic stroke. Stroke 2010;41(3):437-42.
https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.109.563502
9.Ke D, Zhou F, Liang H, Xu Y, Lou H. Hypertriglyceridemia is associated with reduced leukoaraiosis severity in patients with a small vessel stroke. Behav Neurol 2018;1361780.
https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/1361780
10.Shi J, Hao K, Qi P, Xie X, Yang X, Dong M et al. Confirmation of the abnormal lipid metabolism as risk factor for the disease of leukoaraiosis. Saudi J Biol Sci 2017; 24(3):508-13.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.01.020
11.Goldstein J L & Brown M S. A century of cholesterol and coronaries : from plaques to genes to statins. Cell 2015; 161(1):161-72.
https://doi.org/10/1016/j.cell.2015.01.036
12.Sastroasmoro S, Ismael S. Dasar-dasar metodologi penelitian klinis. 4th ed. Jakarta: Sagung Seto, 2011.
13.Kim W, MacFall J, Payne M. Classification of white matter lesions on magnetic resonance imaging in elderly persons. Biol Psychiatry. 2008;64(4):273–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.03.024
14.Nelson RH. Hiperlipidemia as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Prim Care 2013;40(1):195-211.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pop.2012.11.003
15.Reeves MJ, Bushnell CD, Howard G, et al. Sex differences in stroke: epidemiology, clinical presentation, medical care, and outcomes. Lancet Neurol. 2008; 7(10): 915–26.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70193-5
16.Kelly-Hayes M. Influence of age and health behaviors on stroke risk: lessons from longitudinal studies. J Am Geriatr Soc 2010;58 (Suppl 2):S325-8.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.02915.x
17.Boehme AK, Esenwa C, Elkin MS. Stroke risk factors, genetics, and prevention. Circ Res 2017; 120(3):472–95.
https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.308398
18.Christidi F, Tsiptsios D, Sousanidou A, Karamanidis S, Kitmeridou S, et al. The clinical utility of leukoaraiosis as a prognostic indicator in ischemic stroke patients. Neurol Int 2022; 14(4):952-80.
https://doi.org/10.3390/neurolint14040076
19.Xue J, Wu Z, Gong S, Qin S, Gu A. High-dose atorvastatin improves vascular endothelial function in patients with leukoaraiosis. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34(3):e23081.
https://doi.org/10/1002/jcla.23081
20.Vedala K, Nagabandi AK, Looney S, Bruno A. Factors associated with leukoaraiosis severity in acute stroke patients. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2019; 28(7):1897–1901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.04.003
21.Park K, Yasuda N, Toyonaga S, Yamada SM, Nakabayashi N, Nakasato M, et al. Significant association between leukoaraiosis and metabolic syndrome in healthy subjects. Neurology 2007; 69(10):974–8.
https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000266562.54684.bf
22.Chen Y & Bian Y. Overview-research progress of leukoaraiosis. J Behav Brain Sci 2022; 12: 599-26.
https://doi.org/10.4236/jbbs.2022.1211036

DOI: https://doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005502202304

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 692 |

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

View My Stats

Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) by Universitas Gadjah Mada is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Username
Password
Remember me