Utilization of Different Concentration Sugarcane Molasses to the Quality of Goat Feces-Chicken Excreta-Coconut Husk Organic Liquid Fertilizer

Dwi Ahmad Priyadi; Sefri Toni; Ari Istanti

doi:10.21059/buletinpeternak.v47i1.80378

Utilization of Different Concentration Sugarcane Molasses to the Quality of Goat Feces-Chicken Excreta-Coconut Husk Organic Liquid Fertilizer

https://doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v47i1.80378

Dwi Ahmad Priyadi^(1*), Sefri Toni⁽²⁾, Ari Istanti⁽³⁾

(1) Livestock Product Processing Technology, Politeknik Negeri Banyuwangi, 68461, Indonesia
(2) Livestock Product Processing Technology, Politeknik Negeri Banyuwangi, 68461, Indonesia
(3) Agribusiness, Politeknik Negeri Banyuwangi, 68461, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Indonesia is an agricultural country that certainly has the potential for agricultural waste and by-products. Some of those in Indonesia are livestock manure, coconut husk, and sugarcane molasses. Utilization of this waste is limited, which is causing various environmental problems such as environmental pollution. The study is aimed to determine the quality of organic liquid fertilizer made by raw material from goat feces-chicken excreta-coconut husk with various sugarcane molasses concentrations (P0= 0%; P1= 5%; P3= 15%; P4= 20%; P5= 25%). The fermentation was carried out anaerobically for 21 days. The parameters of temperature, pH, organoleptic (color and odor), levels of C-organic, nitrogen (N) total, phosphorus (P) total, potassium (K) total, and biological tests were observed. Biological tests were conducted in the growth of mung bean (Vigna radiata) and spinach (Amaranthus tricolor). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Variations in the addition of molasses sugarcane did not affect the liquid fertilizer's temperature and pH during fermentation. However, the treatments had positive effect on organoleptic test, C-organic, N total, P total, K total, and biological tests. The addition of 15% sugarcane molasses (P3) showed a dominating performance toward most of the parameters tested. The P3 treatment produced liquid fertilizer with a pleasant smell, and the contents of C-organic, total N, total P, and total K were 2.12%, 0.25%, 0.13%, and 0.13%, respectively. and produce spinach as a biological test with plant height, number of leaves, leaf width, stem diameter, and root length were 21.82 cm, 6.66 sheets, 3.59 cm, 4.09 mm, and 14.67 cm, respectively.

Keywords

Agricultural waste, Anaerob fermentation, Liquid fertilizer, Livestock waste, Organic fertilizer

Full Text:

PDF

References

Anand, M. R., H. S. Kumar, P. Kommireddy, and K. N. K. Murthy. 2019. Secondary and Micronutrient Management Practices in Organic Farming- An Overview. Curr. Agric. Res. J. 7: 04–18. https://doi.org/10. 12944/carj.7.1.02.

Anbuselvi, S. and G. Kumar. 2017. Influence of Coconut Husk on Poultry Excreta in Organic Manure Formulation. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res. 42: 94–96.

Arniana, A., Suaib, and L. Karimuna. 2012. Long Bean (Vigna sinensis L.) Plantation on Organic Matter and P Fertilizer Residue. Berk. Penelit. Agron. 1: 8–15.

Balogun, R. B., J. U. Ogbu, E. C. Umeokechukwu, and R. B. Kalejaiye-Matti. 2016. Effective Micro-organisms (EM) as Sustainable Components in Organic Farming: Principles, Applications and Validity, in: Nandwani, D. (Ed.), Organic Farming for Sustainable Agriculture. Springer. 259–291. https://doi. org/10.1007/978-3-319-26803-3_12.

BPS. 2018. Banyuwangi Regency in Figures 2018. BPS-Statistics of Banyuwangi Regency, Banyuwangi.

Byrareddy, V., L. Kouadio, S. Mushtaq, and R. Stone. 2019. Sustainable production of robusta coffee under a changing climate: A 10-year monitoring of fertilizer management in coffee farms in Vietnam and Indonesia. Agronomy. 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/ agronomy9090499.

Christofoletti, C. A., J. P. Escher, J. E. Correia, J. F. U. Marinho, and C. S. Fontanetti. 2013. Sugarcane vinasse: Environmental implications of its use. Waste Manag. 33: 2752–2761. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. wasman.2013.09.005.

Diender, M., A. J. M. Stams, D. Z. Sousa, F. T. Robb, and S. R. Guiot. 2015. Pathways and Bioenergetics of Anaerobic Carbon Monoxide Fermentation 6: 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01275.

El-Gawad, A. M. A., I. A. Mashaly, M. E. A. Ziada, and M. R. Deweeb. 2015. Phytotoxicity of three Plantago species on germination and seedling growth of hairy beggarticks (Bidens pilosa L.). Egypt. J. Basic Appl. Sci. 2: 303–309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbas. 2015.07.003.

Fang, P., D. Abler, G. Lin, A. Sher, and Q. Quan. 2021. Substituting organic fertilizer for chemical fertilizer: Evidence from apple growers in china. Land. 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/land10080858.

Fitriyanto, N. A., D. A. Priyadi, Y. Suranindyah, L. M. Yusiati, Y. Erwanto,N. Kurniawati, and A. Pertiwiningrum. 2019. Biochemical and physical properties of goat feces liquid biofertilizer fermented with chicken excreta combination and different fermentation condition. IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci. 387, 012108. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/387/1/012108.

Gbenou, B., S. Adjolohoun, L. Ahoton, D. B. M. Houndjo, A. Saidou, M. Houinato, and B. A. Sinsin. 2017. Animal dung availability and their fertilizer values in a context of low soil fertility conditions for forage seed and crops production in Benin (West Africa). Am. J. Agric. Res. 2: 1–14. https://doi.org/10. 28933/ajar-2017-10-2902.

Gbollie, S. N., S. M. Mwonga, and A. M. Kibe. 2021. Effects of Calcium Nitrate Levels and Soaking Durations on Cocopeat Nutrient Content. J. Agric. Chem. Environ. 10: 372–388. https://doi.org/10.4236/jacen.2021. 103024.

Glick, B. R. 2012. Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria : Mechanisms and Applications. Scientifica (Cairo). 2012. https://doi.org/10. 6064/2012/963401.

Grubel, K., A. Machnicka, E. Nowicka, and S. Wacławek. 2014. Mesophilic-thermophilic fermentation process of waste activated sludge after hybrid disintegration. Ecol. Chem. Eng. S. 21: 125–136. https://doi.org/ 10. 2478/eces-2014-0011.

Hafsi, C., A. Debez, and C. Abdelly. 2014. Potassium deficiency in plants: Effects and signaling cascades. Acta Physiol. Plant. 36: 1055–1070. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-014-1491-2.

Hasanuzzaman, M., M. H. M. B. Bhuyan, K. Nahar, M. S. Hossain, J. Al Mahmud, M. S. Hossen, A. A. C. Masud, Moumita, and M. Fujita. 2018. Potassium: A vital regulator of plant responses and tolerance to abiotic stresses. Agronomy. 8. https://doi.org/10.3390/ agronomy8030031.

Hepsibha, B. T. and A. Geetha. 2019. Physicochemical characterization of traditionally fermented liquid manure from fish waste (Gunapaselam). Indian J. Tradit. Knowl. 18: 830–836. https://doi.org/10. 13140/RG.2.2.28751.23206.

Hidayat, R.A., J. Iskandar, B. Gunawan, and R. Partasasmita. 2020. Impact of green revolution on rice cultivation practices and production system: A case study in Sindang hamlet, Rancakalong village, Sumedang district, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas. 21: 1258–1265. https://doi.org/10.13057/ biodiv/d210354.

Imatomi, M., P. Novaes, M. A. F. M. Miranda, and S. C. J. Gualtieri. 2015. Phytotoxic effect of aqueous leaf extracts of four Myrtaceae species on three weeds. Maringa. 37: 241–248. https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron. v37i2.19079.

Irshad, M., A. E. Eneji, Z. Hussain, and M. Ashraf. 2013. Chemical characterization of fresh and composted livestock manures. J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. 13: 115–121. https://doi.org/ 10.4067/s071895162013005000011.

Istanti, A., D.A. Priyadi. D. Triasih, and S. Ton. 2019. Nitrogen Levels Of Goat Manure And Chicken Excreta Bioculture With Addition Of Gradual Young Coconut Husk Waste, in: The Second International Conference On Food and Agriculture. Publikasi Polije, Bali: 548–551.

Jamilah and Juniarti. 2014. Test Of Liquid Organic Fertilizer Originated C. Odorata And Coconut Fiber With Various Composition By Length Fermentation. J. Environ. Res. Dev. 9: 1–6.

Kadir, A. A., N. A. Rahman, and N. W. Azhari. 2016. The Utilization of Banana Peel in the Fermentation Liquid in Food Waste Composting, in: IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. IOP Publishing, Orlando. https://doi.org/10. 1088/1757899X/136/1/012055.

Karyono, T. H. 2015. Predicting comfort temperature in Indonesia, an initial step to reduce cooling energy consumption. Buildings 5: 802–813. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/buildings5030802.

Khoja, A., S. M. Yahya, A. Nawar, A. A. Ansari, and M. Qayyum. 2018. Fermentation of Sugarcane Molasses Using Zymomonas Mobilis for Enhanced Bioethanol Production. J. Adv. Res. Appl. Sci. Eng. Technol. 11: 31–38.

Maass, V., C. Céspedes, and C. Cárdenas. 2020. Effect of Bokashi improved with rock phosphate on parsley cultivation under organic greenhouse management. Chil. J. Agric. Res. 80: 444–451. https://doi.org/10. 4067/S0718-58392020000300444.

Magbalot-Fernandez, A. and C. Deguzman. 2019. Potassium Fertilization for Higher Flowering and Fruit Yield in ‘Magallanes’ Pummelo (Citrus maxima). Asian J. Agric. Hortic. Res. 3: 1–8. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajahr/ 2019/v3i430004.

Mouhamad, R. S., L. A. Mutlag, M. T. Al-Khateeb, M. Iqbal, A. Nazir, K. M. Ibrahim, R. A. Mussa, and O. H. Jassam. 2017. Reducing water salinity using effective microorganisms. Net J. Agric. Sci. 5: 114–120. https://doi.org/10.30918/njas.53. 17.048.

Muhialdin, B.J., F. A. Osman, R. Muhamad, W. N. S. C. Che-Wan-Sapawi, A. Anzian, W. W. Y. Voon, and A. S. Meor-Hussin. 2019. Effects of sugar sources and fermentation time on the properties of tea fungus (kombucha) beverage. Int. Food Res. J. 26: 481–487.

Ogden, M., R. Hoefgen, U. Roessner, and S. Persson. 2018. Feeding the Walls : How Does Nutrient Availability Regulate Cell Wall Composition ?. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 19: 2691 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19092691.

Olejar, K.J., C. Vandermeer, B. Fedrizzi, and P A. Kilmartin. 2019. A horticultural medium established from the rapid removal of phytotoxins fromwinery grape marc. Horticulturae. 5. https://doi.org/10.3390/ horticulturae5040069.

Palmonari, A., D. Cavallini, C. J. Sniffen, L. Fernandes, P. Holder, L. Fagioli, I. Fusaro, G. Biagi, A. Formigoni, and L. Mammi. 2020. Short communication: Characterization of molasses chemical composition. J. Dairy Sci. 103: 6244–6249. https://doi.org/10. 3168/jds.2019-17644.

Priyadi, D.A., D. Triasih, S. Ton, and A. Istanti. 2020. The Effect of Young Coconut Husk on the Quality of Goat Manure-Chicken Excreta Bioculture. Bul. Peternak. 44: 98–102. https://doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v44i3.51434.

Pyakurel, A., B. R. Dahal, and S. Rijal. 2019. Effect of molasses and organic fertilizer in soil fertility and yield of spinach in Khotang, Nepal. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. 7: 49–53. https://doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v7i1.23301.

Raden, I., S. S. Fathillah, Fadli, and M. Suyadi. 2017. Nutrient content of Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF) by various bioactivator and soaking time. Nusant. Biosci. 9: 209–213. https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n090217

Ruiz-Barrera, O., J. Rivera-Sida, C. Arzola-Alvarez, M. Itza-Ortiz, M. Ontiveros-Magadan, M. Murillo-Ortiz, C. Angulo-Montoya, A. Corral-Luna, and Y. Castillo-Castillo. 2018. Composting of laying hen manure with the addition of a yeast probiotic. Ital. J. Anim. Sci. 17: 1054–1058. https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051X.2018.1448724.

Sastro, Y., B. Bakrie, and N. R. Sudolar. 2013. The effect of fermentation method, microbes inoculation and carbon source proportion on the quality of organic fertilizer made from liquid wastes of chicken slaughterhouse. J. Indones. Trop. Anim. Agric. 38: 257–263. https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.38.4.257-263.

Singh, A. and M. Rashid. 2017. Impact of animal waste on environment, its managemental strategies and treatment protocols to reduce environmental contamination. Vet. Sci. Res. J. 8: 1–12. https://doi.org/10.15740/has/ vsrj/8.1and2/1-12.

Srimeena, N., S. Gunasekaran, and R. Murugesan. 2014. Optimization of fermentation conditions for producing Indian rock bee (Apis dorsata) mead using response surface methodology. J. Appl. Nat. Sci. 6: 366-370. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v6i2.429.

Subowo, G. and J. Purwani. 2014. Empowerment of Soil Biology Resource to Support Ecofriendly Agricultural Development. J. Penelit. dan Pengemb. Pertan. 32: 173–179. https://doi.org/10.21082/jp3.v32n4. 2013.p173-179.

Sunaryo, Y., D. Purnomo, M. T. Darini, and V. R. Cahyani. 2018. Effects of goat manure liquid fertilizer combined with AB-MIX on foliage vegetables growth in hydroponic. IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci. 129: 012003. https://doi.org/10.1088/17551315/129/1/012003.

Suriani, S., Soemarno, and Suharjono. 2013. Effect of temperature and pH on the growth rate of five bacterial isolates members of the pseudomonas isolates from the detergents contaminated river ecosystem around the UB campus. Indones. J. Environ. Sustain. Dev. 3: 58–62.

Tao, R., Y. Liang, S. A. Wakelin, and G. Chu. 2015. Supplementing chemical fertilizer with an organic component increases soil biological function and quality. Appl. Soil Ecol. 96: 42–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.07.009

Teotia, P., M. Kumar, V. Kumar, R. Prasad, and S. Sharma. 2017. Probiotic Microbiome : Potassium Solubilization and Plant Productivity. In: Probiotics in Agroecosystem. Kumar, V. (Ed.), Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd, Singapore: 451–467. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4059-7.

Thomas, P. 2012. Long-Term Survival of Bacillus Spores in Alcohol and Identification of 90 % Ethanol as Relatively More Spori / Bactericidal. Curr. Microbiol. 64: 130–139. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-011-0040-0.

Tripolskaja, L., D. Romanovskaja, A. Slepetiene, A. Razukas, and G. Sidlauskas. 2014. Effect of the chemical composition of green manure crops on humus formation in a Soddy-Podzolic soil. Eurasian Soil Sci. 47: 310–318. https://doi.org/10.1134/S106422931 4040097.

Unnisa, S. A. 2015. Liquid Fertilizer From Food Waste-A Sustainable Approach. Int. Res. J. Environ. Sci. 4: 22–25.

Wan, L.J., Y. Tian, M. He, Y. Q. Zheng, Q. Lyu, R. J. Xie, Y. Y. Ma. L. Deng, and S. L. Yi. 2021. Effects of chemical fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer application on soil properties, citrus growth physiology, and yield. Agriculture. 11. https://doi.org/10. 3390/agriculture11121207

Widowati, L.R., S. Rochayati, and R. Saraswati. 2014. Nitrogen Cycling And Composting Technologies In Livestock Manure Management, in: Apriastuti, D. (Ed.), Data Inventory and Mitigation on Carbon and Nitrogen Product. Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Bogor: 78–104.

Wignyanto, K. Sri, and Suprayogi. 2015. Optimization production of dry yeast using mixture of pineapple solid waste and liquid waste of fermented soybean industry. Int. Food Res. J. 22: 77–81.

Wuta, M. and P. Nyamugafata. 2012. Management of cattle and goat manure in Wedza smallholder farming area, Zimbabwe. African J. Agric. Res. 7: 3853–3859. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar12.038.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v47i1.80378