Cobalt(II) and Nickel(II) Complexes of a Schiff Base Derived from  N -Benzylisatin and  p -Anisidine: Synthesis, Characterization, DFT Analysis, Molecular Docking, and Antidiabetic Evaluation

Omobola Ajibike Odedokun; Olatomide Fadare; Adebomi Ayodeji Ikotun; Chijioke John Ajaelu; Peluola Olujide Ayeni; Tolulope Omotope Omolekan; Kayode Taiwo Ishola

doi:10.22146/ijc.107282

Cobalt(II) and Nickel(II) Complexes of a Schiff Base Derived from N-Benzylisatin and p-Anisidine: Synthesis, Characterization, DFT Analysis, Molecular Docking, and Antidiabetic Evaluation

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.107282

Omobola Ajibike Odedokun⁽¹⁾, Olatomide Fadare⁽²⁾, Adebomi Ayodeji Ikotun⁽³⁾, Chijioke John Ajaelu⁽⁴⁾, Peluola Olujide Ayeni⁽⁵⁾, Tolulope Omotope Omolekan⁽⁶⁾, Kayode Taiwo Ishola^(7*)

(1) Industrial Chemistry Program, Bowen University, Iwo, Osun State 232101, Nigeria; Department of Chemistry, Federal College of Education (Special), Oyo, Oyo State 10001, Nigeria
(2) Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-ife, Osun State 220005, Nigeria
(3) Industrial Chemistry Program, Bowen University, Iwo, Osun State 232101, Nigeria
(4) Industrial Chemistry Program, Bowen University, Iwo, Osun State 232101, Nigeria
(5) Biochemistry Program, Bowen University, Iwo, Osun State 232101, Nigeria
(6) Biochemistry Program, Bowen University, Iwo, Osun State 232101, Nigeria
(7) Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomosho, Oyo State 210214, Nigeria
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

New cobalt(II) and nickel(II) complexes derived from a 1-benzyl-3-[(4-methoxyphenyl)imino]indolin ligand were synthesized and characterized through various spectroscopic and analytical methods. In-silico ADMET profiling was performed to evaluate their pharmacological potential, and quantum chemical calculations employing density functional theory with the B3LYP functional and the 6-311+G basis set were conducted. Molecular docking against α-glucosidase and in vitro assays against α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes were used to assess their antidiabetic activity. Spectroscopic data revealed the ligand acts as a bidentate chelator. The Ni(II) complex is predicted to have an octahedral geometry, and the Co(II) complex a tetrahedral structure. In vitro results showed moderate to strong inhibitory activity against both enzymes, with the Ni(II) complex showing significant α-amylase inhibition and the Co(II) complex showing significant α-glucosidase inhibition. ADMET analysis indicated safety for all compounds. The Ni(II) complex demonstrated a binding energy of −50.3749 kcal/mol, and the Co(II) complex −9.3653 kcal/mol, suggesting these metal complexes are potential antidiabetic therapeutic agents.

Keywords

ADMET; antidiabetic drug; metal complex; molecular docking; Schiff base

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.107282