A 20-Year Bibliometric and VOSviewer-Based Analysis (2006–2025) on Functionalized Carbon Adsorbents for Methylene Blue Removal

Maria Ulfa; Rizka Fauzia Hanif; Cindy Nur Anggreani; Ayu Tri Rahmawati

doi:10.22146/ijc.109906

A 20-Year Bibliometric and VOSviewer-Based Analysis (2006–2025) on Functionalized Carbon Adsorbents for Methylene Blue Removal

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.109906

Maria Ulfa^(1*), Rizka Fauzia Hanif⁽²⁾, Cindy Nur Anggreani⁽³⁾, Ayu Tri Rahmawati⁽⁴⁾

(1) Chemistry Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia
(2) Chemistry Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia
(3) Chemistry Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia
(4) Magister of Chemistry Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

The increasing discharge of synthetic dyes, particularly methylene blue (MB), from textile effluents poses significant environmental and health challenges, necessitating effective remediation strategies. Among various approaches, adsorption has emerged as a promising technique due to its operational simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and high efficiency. This review focuses on the surface chemistry and adsorption behavior of MB on functionalized carbon-based materials. Emphasis is placed on the physicochemical properties, surface modifications, and functional groups that govern adsorption capacity and selectivity. Recent advancements in the synthesis of engineered carbonaceous adsorbents—such as activated carbon, graphene derivatives, carbon nanotubes, and novel carbon composites—are critically examined in relation to their structural characteristics and interaction mechanisms with MB molecules. Special attention is given to the ACHC-KOM-1 carbon composite, which demonstrates remarkable photocatalytic-assisted adsorption, achieving complete (100%) degradation of MB under optimized conditions. By elucidating the key parameters that influence adsorption performance, this study provides valuable insights into the rational design of high-efficiency adsorbents for sustainable wastewater treatment applications.

Keywords

adsorption; functionalized carbon; methylene blue; adsorption parameters; bibliometric analysis

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.109906