A Novel Multiepitope Vaccine for Jembrana Disease: Immunoinformatics, Structural Analysis, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamics

Fatimah Fatimah; Syahputra Wibowo; Dini Wahyu Kartika Sari; Rarastoeti Pratiwi; Asmarani Kusumawati

doi:10.22146/ijc.110759

A Novel Multiepitope Vaccine for Jembrana Disease: Immunoinformatics, Structural Analysis, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamics

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.110759

Fatimah Fatimah⁽¹⁾, Syahputra Wibowo⁽²⁾, Dini Wahyu Kartika Sari⁽³⁾, Rarastoeti Pratiwi⁽⁴⁾, Asmarani Kusumawati^(5*)

(1) Study Program of Doctor in Biotechnology, Graduate School, University of Gadjah Mada, Teknika Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, STIKES Karya Putra Bangsa, Jl. Raya Tulungagung - Blitar Km. 4, Tulungagung 66291, Indonesia
(2) Eijkman Research Center for Molecular Biology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Meatpro Building, Soekarno Science and Technology Area (KST), Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km. 46 Cibinong, Bogor 16911, Indonesia
(3) Study Program of Doctor in Biotechnology, Graduate School, University of Gadjah Mada, Teknika Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia; Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora, Yogyakarta 55821, Indonesia
(4) Study Program of Doctor in Biotechnology, Graduate School, University of Gadjah Mada, Teknika Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia; Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
(5) Study Program of Doctor in Biotechnology, Graduate School, University of Gadjah Mada, Teknika Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia; Department of Reproduction and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Fauna No. 2, Karangmalang, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Jembrana disease, caused by the Jembrana virus, leads to high mortality (30%) and abortion (49%) in cattle, making vaccination essential. In this study, a multiepitope vaccine was designed using immunogenic TM and CA proteins. Predicted cytotoxic T lymphocyte, helper T lymphocyte, and linear B-cell epitopes were linked with flexible linkers, and the 50S L7/L12 ribosomal protein was added as a TLR4 agonist. In silico analysis confirmed the construct as non-allergenic, antigenic, and thermostable (aliphatic index 85.44), with 94.2% of residues in favored Ramachandran regions. Docking analysis revealed strong binding to TLR4 (−66 kcal/mol), and molecular dynamics simulations validated the structural stability. Immune simulations revealed increased antigen and antibody levels (IgM early, IgG1/IgG2 after day 15), progressive CD4+ T-helper expansion, transient CD8+ T-cell peaks, elevated IFN-γ and IL-2, and strong dendritic cell activation through MHC I and II pathways. These findings indicate the vaccine effectively stimulates humoral and cellular responses, supporting its potential as a promising candidate against the Jembrana virus.

Keywords

immunoinformatics; in silico cloning; Jembrana disease virus; molecular docking; multiepitope vaccine

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.110759