Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterization of Nitrogen-Doped Graphene from Puspa Wood Biomass

Muhammad Gibran Arrasyid; Widayat Widayat; Luqman Buchori

doi:10.22146/ijc.113615

Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterization of Nitrogen-Doped Graphene from Puspa Wood Biomass

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.113615

Muhammad Gibran Arrasyid^(1*), Widayat Widayat⁽²⁾, Luqman Buchori⁽³⁾

(1) Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Soedharto SH, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia; Advance Material Laboratory, Integrated Laboratory for Research and Services, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Soedharto SH, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
(2) epartment of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Soedharto SH, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia; Advance Material Laboratory, Integrated Laboratory for Research and Services, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Soedharto SH, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
(3) Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Soedharto SH, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

The renewable energy transition demands efficient energy storage, where lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) are crucial for battery energy storage systems (BESS). This study reports the hydrothermal synthesis and characterization of nitrogen-doped graphene (NDG) from puspa wood biomass for anode applications. Puspa wood contains approximately 43.98% carbon with a low ash content of 1.256%, indicating its suitability as a carbon precursor. Through carbonization and graphitization, amorphous carbon was successfully transformed into an ordered graphite structure, as confirmed by the disappearance of –OH groups (3400–3600 cm⁻¹) in Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and by X-ray diffraction (XRD) peak shifts from 23.50° to 26.50°. Subsequent oxidation produced graphene oxide (GO) characterized by carbonyl (C=O) groups at 1704 cm⁻¹, while nitrogen doping introduced C–N (1200 cm⁻¹) bonds, resulting in the formation of NDG. Nitrogen doping is known to enhance electrochemical properties. These findings highlight puspa wood as a promising precursor for NDG synthesis and provide a foundational material characterization that supports its further electrochemical investigation. This study demonstrates the promise of puspa wood biomass as a sustainable carbon source for advanced anode materials, contributing to eco-friendly battery technology.

Keywords

nitrogen-doped graphene; puspa wood biomass; lithium-ion battery; anode material; hydrothermal

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