Green Synthesis of TiO2 Using Sappan Wood (Biancaea sappan L.) Extract as a Bioreductant and Evaluation of Its Antibacterial Activity

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.115655

Risya Sasri(1*), Vika Vika(2), Adhitiyawarman Adhitiyawarman(3), Winda Rahmalia(4)

(1) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Tanjungpura, Jl. Prof. Dr. H. Hadari Nawawi, Pontianak 78124, Indonesia
(2) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Tanjungpura, Jl. Prof. Dr. H. Hadari Nawawi, Pontianak 78124, Indonesia
(3) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Tanjungpura, Jl. Prof. Dr. H. Hadari Nawawi, Pontianak 78124, Indonesia
(4) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Tanjungpura, Jl. Prof. Dr. H. Hadari Nawawi, Pontianak 78124, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


This study aimed to synthesize TiO2 via green synthesis using Biancaea sappan L. (sappan wood) extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent, as well as to evaluate their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The TiO2 was synthesized using two methods: green synthesis and conventional synthesis. Titanium(IV) tetraisopropoxide was used as the precursor and the volume of the extract was varied (14, 25, and 33% (v/v)) relative to the total volume to assess their influence on the characteristics of the TiO2. FTIR characterization indicated that bioactive compounds from sappan wood extract, particularly brazilin, played a significant role as reducing agents. XRD and UV-vis DRS analyses showed that the TiO2 had an anatase crystalline phase with an average crystallite size of 15.84–19.75 nm and a band gap of 2.53–3.03 eV. Antibacterial activity was assessed using the disc diffusion method under visible light and UV irradiation to evaluate the inhibition of E. coli and S. aureus bacteria. The results demonstrated that green-synthesized TiO2 exhibited antibacterial activity against both E. coli and S. aureus under UV irradiation. This research presents new opportunities for green-synthesized TiO2 as environmentally friendly and sustainable antibacterial agents.


Keywords


green synthesis; titanium dioxide (TiO2); Biancaea sappan L.; Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.115655

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