SYNTHESIS OF MESOPOROUS TITANIA BY POTATO STARCH TEMPLATED SOL-GEL REACTIONS AND ITS CHARACTERIZATION
Canggih Setya Budi(1), Indriana Kartini(2*), Bambang Rusdiarso(3)
(1) Student of Undergraduate Program, Department of Chemistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara BLS 55281 Yogyakarta
(2) Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara BLS 55281 Yogyakarta
(3) Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara BLS 55281 Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Mesoporous titania powders with high-order crystalline building blocks had been synthesized through the sol-gel process using potato starch gel template. Internal spongelike pore structure of starch gel template was generated by heating the starch granules at 95 °C in water solution and freezing the starch gel at -15 °C. The synthesis routes were performed by immersing the starch gel template for 4 days into the white colloidal solution of TiO2 nanoparticles, which were prepared by hydrolyzing titanium (IV) tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) in ethanol at pH 1. Mesoporous TiO2 powders were obtained by two different ways of template removal, performed by calcination of the TiO2-starch composites at 600 °C for 4 h or combination of extraction with ethanol-HCl (2:1) at 80 °C and calcination at 500 °C for 4 h. Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT-IR) spectra shows both of template removal methods result in decreasing of characteristic vibrational band of the starch hydrocarbon on the resulted TiO2 powders. The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern imply that the concentrations of starch gel template influence the anatase crystallite peaks intensity of the synthesized TiO2 powders. TiO2 templated by 20% of starch sponges gel has highest intensity of anatase crystallite. Scherrer calculation inidicated that anatase particle size has nanoscale dimmension up to 12.96 nm. The nano-architecture feature of mesoporous TiO2 scaffolds was also evaluated by the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). It is shown that mesoporous TiO2 framework consist of nanocrystalline TiO2 particles as buiding blocks. The N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm curves assign that TiO2 powder resulted from extraction-calcination route has higher mesoporosity than that of only calcinated. The synthesized mesoporous TiO2 powder exhibits high Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) specific surface area up to 65.65 m2/g.
Keywords
Full Text:
Full Text PdfReferences
[1] Victor, F., Stone, J., and Davis, R.J., 1998, Chem. Mater., 10, 1468-1474.
[2] Negishi, N.,Takeuchi, K., and Ibusuki, T.,1997, Appl. Surf. Sci., 121-122, 417-420.
[3] O’Regan, B. and Gratzel, M.,1991, Nature, 353, 737-740.
[4] Yang, D., Takahara, N., Lee, S., and Kunikate, T., 2008, Sens. Actuators, B, 130, 379-385.
[5] Hoffmann, M.R., Martin, S.T., Choi, W., and Bahnemann, D.W., 1995, Chem. Rev., 95, 1, 69-96.
[6] Fujishima, A., Rao, T.N., and Tryk, D.A., 2000, J. Photochem. Photobiol., C, 1, 1-21.
[7] Rao, C.N.R., and Gopalakrishnan, J., 1997, New Direction in Solid State Chemistry, 2nd ed., Cambridge University press, Cambridge.
[8] Yusuf, M.M., Imai, H., and Hirashima, H., 2003, J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol., 28, 1, 97-104.
[9] Yang, P., Zhao, D., Margolese, D.I., Chmelka, B.F., and Stucky, G.D., 1999, Chem. Mater., 11, 2814.
[10] Zheng, J.Y., Pang, J.B., Qiu, K.Y., and Wey, Y., 2001, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 49, 1, 189-195.
[11] Takenaka, S., Takahashi, R., Sato, S., and Sodesawa, T., 2000, J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol., 19, 1-3, 711-714.
[12] Iwasaki, M., Davis, S.A., and Mann, S., 2002, J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol., 32, 101-102.
[13] Zhang, H., and Banfield, J.F., 2002, Chem. Mater., 14, 4146.
[14] Spurr, R.A., and Myers, H., 1957, Anal. Chem., 29, 760.
[15] Bean, M.M., and Yamazaki, W.T., 1978, J. Cereal Chem., 55, 937.
[16] Yu, J.,Yu, J.C., Ho, W., Leung, M.K., Cheng, B., Zhang, G., and Zhao, X., 2003, Appl. Catal., A, 255, 313.
[17] Rouquerol, F., Rouquerol, J., and Sing, K., 1999, Adsorption by Powders and Porous Solids: Principles, Methodology, and Applications, Academic Press, San Diego.
[18] Budi, C.S., and Kartini, I., 2009, Synthesis of Mesoporous TiO2 Nanocrystalline with Potato Starch as Pore Template and Its Photocatalytic Activity, The 2009 International Conference on Chemistry, Biological and Environmental Engineering CBEE, Singapore, 9-11 October 2009.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21476
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 1603 | views : 1629Copyright (c) 2010 Indonesian Journal of Chemistry
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry (ISSN 1411-9420 /e-ISSN 2460-1578) - Chemistry Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.
View The Statistics of Indones. J. Chem.