Study of the Synthesis of Zirconia Powder from Zircon Sand obtained from Zircon Minerals Malaysia by Caustic Fusion Method

Istikamah Subuki; Mimi Fazzlinda Mohsin; Muhammad Hussain Ismail; Fazira Suriani Mohamed Fadzil

doi:10.22146/ijc.43936

Study of the Synthesis of Zirconia Powder from Zircon Sand obtained from Zircon Minerals Malaysia by Caustic Fusion Method

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.43936

Istikamah Subuki^(1*), Mimi Fazzlinda Mohsin⁽²⁾, Muhammad Hussain Ismail⁽³⁾, Fazira Suriani Mohamed Fadzil⁽⁴⁾

(1) Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
(2) Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
(3) Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
(4) Industrial Centre of Innovation Nanotechnology, SIRIM Industrial Research, Lot 34, Jl. Hi-Tech 2/3, Kulim Hi-Tech Park, 09000 Kulim, Kedah, Malaysia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

The zircon powder from Zircon Minerals Malaysia is a pure premium grade zircon sand milled 1.5 µm that contain ZrSiO₄, ZrO₂, HfO₂, SiO₂, Al₂O₃, TiO₂, and Fe₂O₃. The monoclinic zirconia powders were synthesized from the zircon sand of Zircon Minerals Malaysia, by caustic fusion method at calcination temperatures between 500 °C to 800 °C. The as-synthesized zirconia was characterized through X-Ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), and X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) techniques. The XRD results show two monoclinic phases of microcrystalline zirconia. Zirconia that was calcined at 600 °C obtained the highest value of ZrO₂, which was 54.48%; followed by zirconia calcined at 700 °C, 800 °C, and 500 °C, which obtained the ZrO₂values of 53.58%, 52.41%, and 51.53%, respectively, based on the XRF analysis. As-synthesized zirconia showed monoclinic phases where the surface areas were 0.0635 m²/g, 0.135 m²/g, 0.0268 m²/g, and 0.0288 m²/g, for zirconia calcined at temperatures of 500 °C, 600 °C, 700 °C, and 800 °C, respectively. The surface structure of the powder that had been calcined at 600 C showed similarities with the commercial zirconia. The similarities of the synthesized zirconia and commercial zirconia showed that the zirconia powder could be synthesized using zircon sand by caustic fusion method, even though the content of zirconia was lower compared to that of the commercial zirconia powder.

Keywords

zirconia; zircon sand; monoclinic; caustic fusion method

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.43936