Optimization of Polyurethane Membrane Physical Characteristics of Red Seaweed Biomass Using a Box-Behnken Design

Salfauqi Nurman; Saiful Saiful; Binawati Ginting; Rahmi Rahmi; Marlina Marlina

doi:10.22146/ijc.63649

Optimization of Polyurethane Membrane Physical Characteristics of Red Seaweed Biomass Using a Box-Behnken Design

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.63649

Salfauqi Nurman⁽¹⁾, Saiful Saiful^(2*), Binawati Ginting⁽³⁾, Rahmi Rahmi⁽⁴⁾, Marlina Marlina⁽⁵⁾

(1) Graduate School of Mathematics and Applied Sciences, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia Department of Agricultural Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Serambi Mekkah, Banda Aceh 23245, Indonesia Malahayati Merchant Marine Polytechnic, Aceh Besar 23381, Indonesia
(2) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
(3) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
(4) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
(5) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

The polyurethane membrane is used as a separator either by filtration or adsorption, and this process is significantly affected by its strength and physical condition. We synthesized polyurethane membranes using red seaweed with Gracilaria sp as a hydroxyl source. The Box-Behnken Design of the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) using Software Design Expert Version 10.0.3.0 with three factors (TRL, TDI, and Glycerin). The F-value of 0.42 suggests that the membrane is less fit, while the P-value of 75.10% indicates that the quadratic design model is suitable for data analysis of physical characteristics. The optimal physical characteristics were obtained at a composition of 0.233 g TRL, 2.675 g TDI, and 0.254 g glycerin with a physical point of 6.5 (strong and elastic). Optimal polyurethane membrane has good thermal and mechanical properties at temperatures of Tg 58 °C, Tm 322 °C, and Td 534 °C, as well as stress and nominal strain values of 69.3 MPa and 5.74%. Polyurethane membrane synthesized from red seaweed has good physical properties. The result of this research is the basis for the development of polyurethane membrane applications from red seaweed.

Keywords

physical characteristics; response surface methodology; optimization; polyurethane membranes

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.63649