Distribution of Heavy Metals in Sediments and Soft Tissues of the  Cerithidea obtusa  from Sepang River, Malaysia

Krishnan Kumar; Elias Saion; Chee Kong Yap; Prakash Balu; Wan Hee Cheng; Mee Yoke Chong

doi:10.22146/ijc.72991

Distribution of Heavy Metals in Sediments and Soft Tissues of the Cerithidea obtusa from Sepang River, Malaysia

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.72991

Krishnan Kumar^(1*), Elias Saion⁽²⁾, Chee Kong Yap⁽³⁾, Prakash Balu⁽⁴⁾, Wan Hee Cheng⁽⁵⁾, Mee Yoke Chong⁽⁶⁾

(1) Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Inti International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN, Nilai 71800, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
(2) Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
(3) Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
(4) Department of Biotechnology, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), PV Vaithiyalingam Rd, Velan Nagar, Krishnapuram, Pallavaram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600117, India
(5) Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Inti International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN, Nilai 71800, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
(6) Matrix Global School, Pt 12652, Sendayan Merchant Square, Persiaran 1 Sendayan Utama, Pusat Dagangan Sendayan, 71950 Bandar Sri Sendayan, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

The main purpose of the research was to analyze the distribution of Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Nickel (Ni), Cobalt (Co), Mangan (Mn), and Zinc (Zn) in soft tissues, shells, and associated surface sediments of Cerithidea obtusa (C. obtusa) mangrove snails collected from Sungai Besar Sepang. The concentration of iron (Fe) was found to be the highest in relation to other toxic elements in sediments, soft tissues, and shells of C. obtusa. The concentrations of Cu and Zn in soft tissues of C. obtusa were found to exceed the concentrations in sediments, indicating bioaccumulation of these metals. Metal pollution was assessed with the Enrichment Factor (EF), Geoaccumulation Index (I_geo), and Pollution Factor (CF). EF, I_geo, and CF were 0.34 to 22.41, -3.37 to 2.65, and 0.14 to 9.42, respectively. The results indicate that sediments in Sungai Besar Sepang are contaminated with As and Zn. According to the bivalve bioaccumulation results, the soft tissues of C. obtusa act as a macro-concentrator for Cu and Zn. As a result, it is suggested that ongoing monitoring of releases of heavy metals from anthropogenic sources and stricter environmental protection measures should be implemented.

Keywords

enrichment; bio-accumulation; trace elements; neutron activation analysis

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.72991