LC-HRMS-Based Metabolomics Approach Reveals Antioxidant Compounds from  Centella asiatica  Leaves Extracts

Riva Silvia; Wulan Tri Wahyuni; Eti Rohaeti; Siti Aisyah; Dewi Anggraini Septaningsih; Alfi Hudatul Karomah; Mohamad Rafi

doi:10.22146/ijc.90782

LC-HRMS-Based Metabolomics Approach Reveals Antioxidant Compounds from Centella asiatica Leaves Extracts

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.90782

Riva Silvia⁽¹⁾, Wulan Tri Wahyuni^(2*), Eti Rohaeti⁽³⁾, Siti Aisyah⁽⁴⁾, Dewi Anggraini Septaningsih⁽⁵⁾, Alfi Hudatul Karomah⁽⁶⁾, Mohamad Rafi⁽⁷⁾

(1) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Jl. Tanjung Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
(2) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Jl. Tanjung Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia; Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University, Jl. Taman Kencana No. 3, Kampus IPB Taman Kencana, Bogor 16128, Indonesia
(3) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Jl. Tanjung Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia; Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University, Jl. Taman Kencana No. 3, Kampus IPB Taman Kencana, Bogor 16128, Indonesia
(4) Chemistry Program Study, Department of Chemistry Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jl. Dr. Setiabudi No. 229, Bandung 40154, Indonesia
(5) Advanced Research Laboratory, IPB University, Jl. Palem, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
(6) Advanced Research Laboratory, IPB University, Jl. Palem, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
(7) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Jl. Tanjung Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia; Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University, Jl. Taman Kencana No. 3, Kampus IPB Taman Kencana, Bogor 16128, Indonesia; Advanced Research Laboratory, IPB University, Jl. Palem, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Centella asiatica is a medicinal plant widely used as a traditional medicine due to several biological activities, such as antioxidants in Indonesia. This study aims to identify the active antioxidant compounds of C. asiatica leaves extract using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based metabolomics approach. Extracts were prepared using different concentrations of ethanol p.a., i.e. 70% ethanol, 50% ethanol, 30% ethanol, and water. Antioxidant activity was tested using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method. The results showed the highest antioxidant activity was C. asiatica extracted by 70% ethanol with IC₅₀ of 72.48 ± 2.42 µg/mL. The positive control was ascorbic acid, having an IC₅₀ value of 3.38 ± 0.04 µg/mL. Ascorbic acid and 70% ethanol extract have strong antioxidant activity. Metabolite profiling using LC-MS/MS could identify 35 metabolites consisting of flavonoids, fatty acids, phenolics, terpenes, and several other groups of compounds. Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis classified the metabolites into active (ethanol 70% and ethanol 50%) and inactive (ethanol p.a., ethanol 30%, and water) antioxidants. Five metabolites have potential as antioxidants, namely 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (11), kaempferol (13), and three unknown compounds.

Keywords

antioxidant; C. asiatica; LC-MS/MS; metabolomics

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.90782