Applications of Epipelic Diatoms and Probiotics for Pacific White Shrimp Nursery (Litopenaeus vannamei)

https://doi.org/10.22146/jfs.76272

Wardi Wardi(1*), Sinar Pagi Sektiana(2), Bambang Suprakto(3)

(1) Aquaculture, Aceh Marine and Fisheries Polytechnic, Aceh Besar Regency, Aceh, Indonesia
(2) Aquaculture, Fisheries Expert Polytechnic Jakarta, South Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
(3) 3Fishery Resource Utilization, Fisheries Expert Polytechnic Jakarta, South Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Pacific white shrimp (Litopennaeus vannamei) is a type of shrimp that is very easy to cultivate because it has several advantages, it is resistant to disease and has a high survival rate, and productivity can reach 13.6 tons/ha. Very high density because it can use feed and space more efficiently. This is what makes many farmers in Indonesia cultivate it. Despite the many advantages, there are still many obstacles faced by cultivators who experience failure and losses. The failure was caused by poor water quality during cuture and the emergence of disease attacks that caused slow growth decreased production and resulted in huge losses for farmers. To overcome these problems, it is necessary to improve the water quality of the cultivation media used. Water quality improvement was carried out by the application of probiotics for the vannamei nursery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the optimal dose/cell count on water quality and shrimp growth and evaluate the developmental level of pathogenic bacteria treated with Epipelic Diatoms (DE) and Probiotic. The method used was an experimental method using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments tested were A (pure seawater), B (100% DE), C (100% PB), D (100% DE+100% PB). The seeds used were PL 6 vannamei shrimp with an average weight of 0.175 g and an average length of 5.5. The results showed that the combination of DE and PB had a significant effect (p<0.05) on water quality and the growth and survival of post-vannamei larvae.

Keywords


Growth; post larvae; survival; vannamei shrimp; water quality

Full Text:

PDF


References

Akmal, Y., R. Humairani, M. Muliari & I. Zulfahmi. 2021. Peningkatan nilai ekonomi pada kelompok pembudidaya udang vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei) Laut Mina Budidaya Kabupaten Bireuen, Aceh. Jurnal SOLMA. 10 (2): 275-286. https://doi.org/10.22236/solma.v10i2.6437

Boyd, C.E & C.S. Tucker. 2012. Pond aquaculture water quality management. Springer Science & Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5407-3

Chumpol, S., D. Kantachote, T. Nitoda & H. Kanzaki. 2017. The roles of probiotic purple nonsulfur bacteria to control water quality and prevent acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) for enhancement growth with higher survival in white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) during cultivation. Aquaculture. 473: 327-336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2017.02.033

Das, N.G & S.M.M. Sarwar. 1998. Nutritional analysis of two diatoms Skeletonema sp. and Chaetoceros sp. as diet for Penaeus monodon in hatchery. Indian Journal of Fisheries. 45 (2): 193-196. https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJF/article/view/8745

de Abreu, J.L., L.O. BritoM, P.C.M. de Lima, S.M.B.C. da Silva, W. Severi & A.O. Gálvez. 2019. Effects of addition of Navicula sp. (diatom) in different densities to post-larvae of shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei reared in a BFT system: Growth, survival, productivity and fatty acid profile. Aquaculture Research. 50 (8): 2231-2239. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.14104

Effendie, M.I. 1997. Biologi perikanan. Yayasan Pustaka Nusatama. Yogyakarta, 163.

Fuady, M.F., H. Haeruddin & M. Nitisupardjo. 2013. Pengaruh pengelolaan kualitas air terhadap tingkat kelulushidupan dan laju pertumbuhan udang vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei) di PT. Indokor Bangun Desa, Yogyakarta. Management of Aquatic Resources Journal (MAQUARES). 2 (4): 155-162. https://doi.org/10.14710/marj.v2i4.4279

Furtado, P.S., B.R. Campos, F.P. Serra, M. Klosterhoff, L.A. Romano & W. Wasielesky. 2015. Effects of nitrate toxicity in the Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, reared with biofloc technology (BFT). Aquaculture International. 23 (1): 315-327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10499-014-9817-z

Harsojuwono, B. A., Arnata, I. W., & Puspawati, G. 2011. Rancangan Percobaan.

Herdianti, L., S. Soewardi & S. Hariyadi. 2015. Efektivitas penggunaan bakteri untuk perbaikan kualitas air media budi daya udang vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei) super intensif. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia. 20 (3): 265-271. https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.20.3.265

Jauffrais, T., H. Agogué, M.-P. Gemin, L. Beaugeard & V. Martin-Jézéquel. 2017. Effect of bacteria on growth and biochemical composition of two benthic diatoms Halamphora coffeaeformis and Entomoneis paludosa. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 495: 65-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2017.06.004

Karthik, R., A.J. Hussain & R. Muthezhilan. 2014. Effectiveness of Lactobacillus sp. (AMET1506) as probiotic against vibriosis in Penaeus monodon and Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp aquaculture. Bioscience Biotechnology Research Asia. 11: 297-305. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bbra/1423

Kurnia, D. 2020. Kandungan kimia dari Navicula sp. dan bioaktivitasnya. Indonesia Natural Research Pharmaceutical Journal. 5 (1): 65-69. https://doi.org/10.52447/inspj.v5i1.4049

Lasima, W., M. Syamsun & D. Kadarisman. 2012. Tingkat penerapan manajemen mutu pada UMKM pembenihan udang di Jawa Timur. MANAJEMEN IKM: Jurnal Manajemen Pengembangan Industri Kecil Menengah. 7 (2): 143-151. https://doi.org/10.29244/mikm.7.2.143-151

Lestari, I. 2021. Dampak Limbah Organik Tambak Udang Vannamei Super Intensif Terhadap Tingkat Eutrofikasi Perairan Pantai Desa Palajau Kecamatan Arungkeke Kabupaten Jeneponto. http://repository.unhas.ac.id/id/eprint/4561

Maimunah, Y & Y. Kilawati. (2015). Kualitas lingkungan tambak intensif Litopenaeus vannamei dalam kaitannya dengan prevalensi penyakit white spot syndrome virus. Research Journal of Life Science. 2 (1): 50-59. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.rjls.2015.002.01.7

Makmur, R & M. Fahrur. 2011. Hubungan antara kualitas air dan plankton di tambak Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat Provinsi Jambi. Prosiding Forum Inovasi Teknologi Akuakultur. 2 (1): 961-968.

Mangampa, M & H.S. Suwoyo. 2016. Budidaya udang vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei) teknologi intensif menggunakan benih tokolan. Jurnal Riset Akuakultur. 5 (3): 351-361. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jra.5.3.2010.351-361

Marinho, Y.F., L.O. Brito, C.V.F da Silva-Campos, W. Severi, H.A. Andrade & A.O. Galvez. 2017. Effect of the addition of Chaetoceros calcitrans, Navicula sp. and Phaeodactylum tricornutum (diatoms) on phytoplankton composition and growth of Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) postlarvae reared in a biofloc system. Aquaculture Research. 48 (8): 4155-4164. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.13235

Molina-Cárdenas, C.A & M. del Pilar Sánchez-Saavedra. 2017. Inhibitory effect of benthic diatom species on three aquacullture pathogenic vibrios. Algal Research. 27: 131-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2017.09.004

Nurlaila, N., I. Dewiyanti & S. Wijaya. 2016. Identifikasi dan prevalensi ektoparasit pada udang vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei) di Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Syiah Kuala University. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kelautan Perikanan Unsyiah.

Prabowo, W.T., S. Subaidah & R.W.P. Nawawi. 2019. Aplikasi sistem pada pendederan udang vannamei dengan kepadatan tinggi untuk meningkatkan tingkat kelangsungan hidup. Jurnal Perekayasaan Budidaya Air Payau dan Laut. 14: 15-20.

Pujihastuti, Y.P. 2011. Nitrification and denitrification in pond. Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia. 10 (1): 89-98. https://doi.org/10.19027/jai.10.89-98

Purnamasari, I., M. Saad, M. Ali, M. Muntalim & M.H. Ardiansya. 2019. Upaya pengembangan usaha budidaya udang vanname (Litopenaeus vannamei) di Desa Sidokumpul Kecamatan Lamongan Kabupaten Lamongan. Grouper: Jurnal Ilmiah Fakultas Perikanan Universitas Islam Lamongan. 10 (1): 18-22. https://doi.org/10.30736/grouper.v10i1.48

Ramadhanthie, R., M.G.E Kristiany & D. Rukmono. 2021. Kajian teknis dan analisis finansial pembenihan udang vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei) di CV. Pasific Harvest Shrimp Hatchery, Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur. Buletin Jalanidhitah Sarva Jivitam. 2 (1): 13-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/bjsj.v2i1.8807

Ramírez‐Rochín, J., M.G. Frías‐Espericueta, J.F. Fierro‐Sañudo, S.G. Alarcón‐Silvas, M.G. Fregoso‐López & F. Páez‐Osuna. 2017. Acute toxicity of nitrite on white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) juveniles in low‐salinity water. Aquaculture Research. 48 (5): 2337-2343. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.13069

Shumway, S.E & G.J. Parsons. 2016. Scallops: biology, ecology, aquaculture, and fisheries. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-9309(06)80024-4

Sukenda, S., P. Hadi & E. Harris. 2006. Pengaruh Pemberian Sukrosa Sebagai Sumber Karbon Dan Probiotik Terhadap Dinamika Populasi Bakteri Dan Kualitas Air Media Budidaya Udang Vannamei, Litopenaeus vannamei. http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/56105

Supono, S. 2006. The productivity of white shrimp at intensif fishpond in Tulang Bawang Lampung. Saintek Perikanan: Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology. 2 (1): 48-53. https://doi.org/10.14710/ijfst.2.1.48-53

Supono, S. 2008. analisis diatom epipelic sebagai indikator kualitas lingkungan tambak untuk budidaya udang. Program Pasca Sarjana Universitas Diponegoro.

Supono, S. 2018. Manajemen Kualitas Air untuk Budidaya Udang. Aura.

Supriatna, M., M. Mahmudi & M. Musa. 2020. Model ph dan hubungannya dengan parameter kualitas air pada tambak intensif udang vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei) di Banyuwangi Jawa Timur. JFMR (Journal of Fisheries and Marine Research). 4 (3): 368-374. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jfmr.2020.004.03.8

Suriadnyani, N.N., N.L.T Aryani & K. Mastantra. 2017. Kultur massal diatom sebagai sediaan pakan alami pada pembenihan udang windu (Penaeus monodon). Buletin Teknik Litkayasa Akuakultur. 6 (1): 35-38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/blta.6.1.2007.35-38

Suwoyo, H.S & M. Mangampa. 2010. Aplikasi probiotik dengan konsentrasi berbeda pada pemeliharaan udang vannamei (Litopenaeusvannamei). Prosiding Forum Inovasi Teknologi Akuakultur. 239.-247. http://ejournal-balitbang.kkp.go.id/index.php/fita/article/view/6386

Suwoyo, H.S. 2009. Tingkat konsumsi oksigen sedimen pada dasar tambak intensif udang vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei). Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor. http://perpustakaan.kkp.go.id/union/index.php?p=show_detail&id=14854

Suwoyo, H.S., M. Fahrur & R. Syah. 2018. Pengaruh jumlah titik aerasi pada budidaya udang vannamei, Litopenaeus vannamei. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis. 10 (3): 727-738. https://doi.org/10.29244/jitkt.v10i3.24999

Syadillah, A., S. Hilyana & M. Marzuki. 2020. Pengaruh penambahan bakteri (Lactobacillus sp.) dengan konsentrasi berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan udang vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei). Jurnal Perikanan Unram. 10 (1): 8-19. https://doi.org/10.29303/jp.v10i1.146

Windler, M., A. Gruber & P.G. Kroth. 2012. Purification of benthic diatoms from associated bacteria using the antibiotic imipenem. Journal of Endocytobiosis and Cell Research. 22: 62-65. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:352-219682

Yuka, R.A., A. Setyawan & S. Supono. 2021. Identifikasi bakteri bioremediasi pendegradasi total ammonia nitrogen (TAN). Jurnal Kelautan: Indonesian Journal of Marine Science and Technology. 14 (1): 20-29. https://doi.org/10.21107/jk.v14i1.8499

Yuniarso, T. 2006. Peningkatan kelangsungan hidup, pertumbuhan, dan daya tahan udang windu (penaeus monodon fab.) stadium pl 7 - pl 20 setelah pemberian silase artemia yang telah diperkaya dengan silase ikan.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jfs.76272

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 1124 | views : 531

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2023 Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada (print ISSN 0853-6384; online ISSN 2502-5066) is published by Department of Fisheries, Universitas Gadjah Mada in collaboration with Semnaskan UGM (Seminar Nasional Tahunan Hasil Perikanan dan Kelautan) and ISMFR (International Symposium on Marine and Fisheries Research).

 

View My Stats