In Vitro Induced Resistance of Fusarium Wilt Disease (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae) by Salicylic Acid in Shallot CV ‘Bima Brebes’

https://doi.org/10.22146/ipas.12840

Khusnul Khotimah(1*), Endang Sulistyaningsih(2), Arif Wibowo(3)

(1) Faculty of Agriculture, Muhadi Setiabudi University
(2) Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cepae (Foc) is one of the most important diseases of onion in Indonesia. Induced resistance was one of the effective techniques to acquire resistance to fusarium wilt in shallot. Salicylic acid (SA) had been inferred to be in endogenous signal in the systemic acquired resistance response of plants. This research aimed to study the effect of exogenously added SA to resistance in shallot callus cv ‘Bima Brebes’ to fusarium wilt disease in vitro; and to determine the effective concentration of SA to induce resistance. A group of shallot callus was grown in MS medium containing varying SA concentration (0, 15, 20 and 25 ppm) in vitro for 2 weeks. Then, the callus were treated with toxin of Fusarium oxysporum, namely fusaric acid, to have observe the resistance response. In vitro selection was done twice in different fusaric acid concentration. Application of exogenous SA at all concentration did not suppres time of appearance of disease symptom yet. Toxic symptom in the callus was shown by the browning or blackening (off) of callus. Salicylic acid at concentration of 20 ppm effectively reduced the toxic symptom up to 16.66% and supported callus regeneration better than the concentration of 15 ppm and 25 ppm. The number of resistant callus regenerated was 66.67% at pretreatment of 20 ppm of SA.


Keywords


Cv ‘Bima Brebes’; Exogenous Inducer; Fusaric Acid; Regeneration of Callus

Full Text:

PDF


References

Abo-Elyousr, K. A. M., M. A. M. Husseiun, A. D. A. Allam, and M. H. Hasan. 2009. Salicylic Acid Induced Systemic Resistance on Onion Plants Against Stemphylium vesicarium. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 42 (11): 1042-1050.


Agrios, G. N. 2005. Plant Pathology. 5th Ed. San Diego USA: Academic Press, pp. 948.


Arrai, M. and M. Takeuchi. 1993. Influence of Fusarium Wilt Toxin(s) of Carnation Cells. Plant Cell Tissue Org Cult., 34: 287-293.


Badriah, D. S. 2001. Uji Resistensi Kultivar Gladiol Introduksi terhadap Fusarium oxysporum In Vitro dan In Vivo. Tesis. Institut Pertanian Bogor.


Bestwick, C. S., I. R. Brown, and J. W. Mansfield. 1998. Localized Changes in Peroxidase Activity Accompany Hydrogen Peroxide Generation During The Development of A Non Host Hypersensitive Reaction in Lectuce. Plant Physiol, 118: 1067-1078.


Cramer, S. C. 2000. Breeding and Genetics of Fusarium Basal Rot Resistance in Onion. Euphytica, 115: 159–166.


Damayanti, F. 2002. Seleksi In Vitro untuk Ketahanan terhadap Penyakit Layu Fusarium pada Tanaman Abaka (Musa Textilis Nee). Tesis. Institut Pertanian Bogor.


Dihazi, A., M. A. Seghini, F. Jaiti, F. Daayf, A. Driouich, H. Dihazi, and I. El Hadramil. 2011. Structural and Biochemical Changes in Salicylic Acid Treated Date Palm Root Challenged with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis. Journal of Patogens: 1-9.


Gauman. 1957. Fucarid Acid as Wilt Toxin. Phytopath, 47: 342 – 351.


Fadhilah, S. 2014. Pengembangan Teknik Deteksi Fusarium Patogenik pada Umbi Bibit Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L. var ascalonicum Backer). Tesis. Institut Pertanian Bogor.


Faradilla. 2011. Induksi Ketahanan Pisang terhadap Fusarium oxysporum f.sp cubense dengan Asam Salisilat dan Asam Fusarat dalam Kultur Jaringan. Tesis. Universitas Gadjah Mada.


Hoerussalam, A., A. Purwantoro, dan K. Andhi. 2013. Induksi Ketahanan Jagung terhadap Penyakit Bulai Melalui Seed Treatment dan Pewarisannya pada Generasi F1. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian, 16 (2): 42 – 59.


Malamy, J. and D. F. Klessig. 1992. Salicylic acid and Plant Disease Resistance. The Plant Journal, 2 (5): 643 – 654.


Mandal, S., N. Mallick and A. Mitra. 2009. Salicylic acid-Induced Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ly copersici in Tomato. Journal Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 47: 642-649.


Mishra, R. K., R. K. Jaiswal, D. Kumar, P. R. Sabale, and A. Singh. 2014. Management of Mayor Diseases and Insect Pest of Onion and Garlic: A Comprehenship Review. J. Plant Breed of Crops Sci., 6(11): 160-170.


Murashige T., and F. Skoog. 1962. A Revised Medium for Rapid Growth and Bio Assays with Tobacco Tissue Cultures. Physiologia Plantarum. 15: 473-497.


Nurcahyani, E., I. Sumardi, B. Hadisutrisno, dan E. Suharyanto. 2012. Penekanan Perkembangan Penyakit Busuk Batang Vanili (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vanillae) Melalui Seleksi Asam Fusarat secara In Vitro. J.HPT Tropika, 12 (1): 12-22.


Ojha, S. and N. Chatterjee. 2012. Induction of Resistance in Tomato Plants Against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici Mediated Through Salicylic Acid and Trichoderma harzianum. Journal of Plant Protection Research, 52 (2): 220-225.


Peterson, G. and R. Smith. l991. Effect of Abscicic acid and Callus Size on Regeneration of American and International Rice Varieties. Plant Cell Rep., 10: 35-38.


Ryals, J. A., U. Neuenschwander, M. Willits, A. Molina, H.Y. Steiner, and M. Hunt. 1996. Systemic Acquired Resistance. Plant Cell, 8: 1809-1819.


Sorentina, M. S. M., Haliani, Muslimin, dan I. N. Suwastika. 2013. Induksi Kalus Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) Local Palu pada Medium MS dengan Penambahan 2,4-D (2,4-Asam Dikloropenoksi Asetat) dan Air Kelapa. Online Journal of Natural Science, 2 (2): 55- 63.


Sujatmiko, B. 2013. Induksi Ketahanan Tanaman Melon (Cucumis melo L.) terhadap Layu Fusarium melalui Irradiasi Sinar Gamma secara In Vitro. Tesis. Universitas Gadjah Mada.


Sujatmiko, B., E. Sulistyaningsih, dan R. H. Murti. 2012. Studi Ketahanan Melon (Cucumis melo l) terhadap Layu Fusarium secara In-Vitro dan Kaitannya dengan Asam Salisilat. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian, 15 (2): 1- 18.


Vicente, M. R. S. and J. Plasencia. 2011. Salicylic acid Beyond Defence: Its Role in Plant Growth and Development. Journal of Experimental Botany, 62 (10): 3321- 3338.


Vlot, A. C., D. A. Dempsey and D. F. Klessig. 2009. Salicylic Acid, A Multifaceted Hormone to Combat Disease. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol, 47: 177-206.


Wiyatiningsih, S. 2002. Etiologi Penyakit Moler pada Bawang Merah. Tesis. Universitas Gadjah Mada.


Wiyatiningsih S. 2010. Pengelolaan Epidemik Penyakit Moler pada Bawang Merah. Yogyakarta: UPN Press, pp. 106.


Yunita dan Sudarsono. 2004. Metode Inokulasi dan Reaksi Ketahanan 30 Genotipe Kacang Tanah terhadap Penyakit Busuk Batang Sclerotium. Hayati, 11: 53-58.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ipas.12840

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 3678 | views : 3545

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share



Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science) ISSN 0126-4214 (print), ISSN 2527-7162 (online) is published by Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Gadjah Mada collaboration with Perhimpunan Sarjana Pertanian Indonesia (PISPI) and licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

web analytics View My Stats