Effect of Planting Distance on Nitrogen Uptake and Productivity of Paddy Var. Rojolele Irradiated with Gamma Rays in Inceptisol

https://doi.org/10.22146/ipas.17236

Amri Amanah(1*), Sri Nuryani Hidayah Utami(2), Makruf Nuruddin(3)

(1) Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


The objective of this study was to examine the effect of planting distance of paddy var. Rojolele planted in conventional legowo system and dosage of gamma rays irradiated on nitrogen uptake and productivity of paddy. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with twelve treatments and three replications. The first factor was gamma ray radiation, consisted of three levels, namely control seed (B0), seed irradiated with gamma rays of 200 gray (B2), and seed irradiated with gamma ray of 300 gray (B3). The second factor was planting distance, consisted of four levels, namely distance of 25 x 25 (J1), distance of 30 x 30 (J2), legowo system of 2 : 1 (J3), and legowo system of 4 : 1 (J4 ). The results showed that jajar legowo system with planting distance of 2 : 1 significantly affected the nutrient content of nitrogen in shoot, nitrogen uptake of plant, and yield  per hectare. Paddy var. Rojolele irradiated by 300 gray produced higher nitrogen content in shoot, nitrogen uptake of plant, and yield per hectare than those in control seeds and seeds irradiated with 200 gray. There was a tendency that planting distance with jajar legowo system resulted in higher grain (yield), on the contrary, the narrow row spacing impacted on lower grain (yield).

Keywords


Jajar Legowo; Nitrogen Uptake; Paddy Var.Rojolele; Planting Distance

Full Text:

PDF


References

Anonim. 2011. Carbon to Nitrogen Ratios in Cropping Systems. [online] Available at: www.nrcs. usda.gov. [Accessed on 9 December 2016].

Aydinalp, C., and A. F. Ewart. 2003. Genesis And Classification Inceptisols Formed On The Slate Paren Material Under Forest Vegetation. Journal of Central European Agriculture, (4) 4: 281-288.

Balittanah. 2009. Analisis Kimia Tanah, Tanaman, Air, dan Pupuk. Bogor: Balai Penelitian Tanah.

Baloch, A. W., A. M. Soomro, M. A. Javed, M. Ahmed, H. R. Bughio,M. S. Bughio, and N. N. Mastol. 2003. Optimum Plant Density For High Yield In Rice Oryza sativa L. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 1(1): 25-27.

Brussaard, L., P. C. Ruiter, and G. G. Brown. 2007. Soil Biodiversity For Agricultural Sustainability. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 121: 233-244.

Duan, Y. H., Y. L. Zhang, L. Y. Ye, .X. R. Fan, G. H. Xu, and Q. R. Shen. 2007. Responses Of Rice Cultivars With Different Nitrogen Use Efficiency To Partial Nitrate Nutrition. Ann Bot, 99: 1153–1160.

Erythrina, and Z. Zulkifli. 2014. Rice Cultivation With Double Row Planting System: Review Of Methodology To Obtain Optimal Yield. Jurnal Litbang Pertanian, 33(2): 79-86.

Foth, H. D. and B. G. Ellis. 1988. Soil Fertility. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Hatta, M. 2011. Pengaruh Tipe Jarak Tanam Terhadap Anakan, Komponen Hasil, Dan Hasil Dua Varietas Padi Pada Metode SRI. Jurnal Floratek, 6(2): 104–113.

Hatta, M. 2012. Uji Jarak Tanam Sistem Legowo Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Beberapa Varietas Padi Pada Metode SRI. Jurnal Agrista, 16(2): 87-93.

Kementrian Pertanian Republik Indonesia. 2015. Rencana Strategis Kementrian Pertanian Tahun 2015-2019. Jakarta: Biro Perencanaan Sekretariat Jenderal.

Kovacs, A. and A. Keresztes. 2002. Effect Of Gamma And UV-B/C Radiation On Plant Cells. Micron, 33(2): 199-210.

Li, X., Q. Qian, Z. Fu, Y. Wang, G. Xiong, and D. Zeng. 2003. Control Of Tillering In Rice. Nature, 422(6932): 618–621.

Makarim, K. dan Suhartatik. 2009. Morfologi dan Fisiologi Tanaman Padi. Subang: Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi.

McCauley, A., J. Clain, and J. Jeff. 2005. Soil and Water Management Module I: Basic Soil Properties. USA: Montana State University.

Minisi, F. A., M. E. El-mahrouk, M. E. F. Rida, and M. N. Nasr. (2013). Effects of Gamma Radiation on Germination, Growth Characteristics and Morphological Variations of Moluccella laevis L. American-Eurasian J. Agric. & Enciron. Sci., 13(5): 696-704.

Ogbodo, E. N., I. I. Ekpe, E. B. Utobo, and E. O. Ogah. 2010. Effect Of Planting Distance and N Rates On The Growth and Yields of Rice at Abakaliki Ebonyi State, Southeast Nigeria. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Science, 6(5): 635-658.

Ping, C. L., S. Shoji, and T. Ito. 1988. Properties and Classification Of Three Volcanic Ash-Derived Pedons From Aleutian Islands And Alaska Peninsula, Alaska. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 52: 455–462.

Ponnamperuma, F. N. 1965. Dynamic Aspects of Flooded Soils and The Nutrition of The Rice Plant. Maryland, USA: The Johns Hopkins Press, pp. 295-328.

Ponnamperuma, F. N. 1976. Temperature and The Chemical Kinetics of Flooded Soils. Climate and Rice. Los Baños, Philippines: International Rice Research Institute, pp. 249–263 .

Romasany, S. and R. Babu. 1997. Effect Of Plant Density, Number Of Seedings And Nitrogen On The Productivity Of Aged Rice Seedlings. Oryza, 34(4): 310-313.

Schulte, E. E. and K. A. Kelling. 1999. Understanding Plant Nutrients : Soil and Applied Potassium. USA: Cooperative Extension Publications, University of Wisconsin.
Sohel, M. A. T., M. A. B. Siddique, M. Asaduzzaman, M. N. Alam, and M. M. Karim. 2009. Varietal Performance Of Transplant Aman Rice Under Different Hill Densities. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res., 34(1): 33–39.

Sritarapipat, T., P. Rakwatin, and T. Kasetkasem. 2014. Automatic Rice Crop Height Measurement Using A Field Server And Digital Image Processing. Sensors, 14(1): 900-926.

Stewart, J. W. B., H. and Tiessen. 1987. Dynamics Of Soil Organic Phosphorus. Biogeochemistry, 4: 41-60.

Syekhfani. 1997. Hara Air Tanah dan Tanaman. Malang: Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya.

Thorp, J., and G. D. Smith. 1949. Higher Categories Of Soil Classifications: Order, Suborder, And Great Soil Group. Soil Science, 67: 117-126.

Tiessen, H., J. W. B. Stewart and J. O. Moir. 1983. Changes In Organic And Inorganic PhosPhorus Composition Of Two Grassland Soils And Their Particle Size Fractions During 60-90 Years Of Cultivation. Journal Of Soil Science, 34: 815-823.

USDA. 1994. Soil Taxonomy: Keys to Soil Taxonomy. 6th Ed., Washington DC: USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service, pp. 177.

Vitosh, M. L. and J. W. Johnson. 1995. Nitrogen Losses from Soil. In: D. B. Mengel (Co-ed.). Tri-state Fertilizer Recommendations for Corn, Soybean, Wheat and Alfalfa. Michigan: Extension Bulletin E-2567.

Walker, T. W. and J. K. Syers. 1976. The Fate Of Phosphorus During Pedogenesis. Geoderma 15: 1-19.

Wi, S. G., B. Y. Chung, J. S. Kim, J. H. Kim, M. H. Baek, J. W. Lee, and Y. S. Kim. 2007. Effects Of Gamma Irradiation On Morphological Changes and Biological Responses In Plants. Micron, 38(6): 553-564.

Yoshida, S. 1981. Fundamentals Of Rice Crop Science. Los Banos, Manila, Philipines: Inter Rice Res. Inst.

Yuan, A., W. Shiqiang, Z. Xuhui, A. S. Afzal, L. W. Linda, L, and L. Yiqi. 2005. Plant Nitrogen Concentration, Use Efficiency, And Contents In A Tallgrass Prairie Ecosystem Under Experimental Warming. Global Change Biology 11: 1733–1744.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ipas.17236

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 2812 | views : 2488

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share



Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science) ISSN 0126-4214 (print), ISSN 2527-7162 (online) is published by Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Gadjah Mada collaboration with Perhimpunan Sarjana Pertanian Indonesia (PISPI) and licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

web analytics View My Stats