Cover Image

Cell wall modifications lead to cultivar differences in apple (Malus domestica) fruit mealiness

https://doi.org/10.22146/ipas.72768

Ayu Nurlaila Indah(1*), Shigeki Moriya(2), Tomoya Ohta(3), Rani Agustina Wulandari(4), Panjisakti Basunanda(5), Hideki Murayama(6)

(1) Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Institute of Fruit Tree and Tea Science, NARO, Morioka, Japan
(3) Yamagata University
(4) Universitas Gadjah Mada
(5) Universitas Gadjah Mada
(6) Yamagata University
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Recently, four quantitative trait loci linked to flesh mealiness in apples were identified, with one associated with the MdPG1 allele. Hence, this study analyzed cell wall changes in two mealy (Orin and Akane) and three non-mealy (Kiou, Kitaro, Fuji) apple cultivars during ripening. The fruits were harvested for each cultivar at optimum maturity and stored at 20°C for 20 days. The flesh firmness of ‘Kitaro’ and ‘Fuji’ fruit did not change strikingly over the 20 days, whereas that of the other three cultivars, especially ‘Akane’ and ‘Orin’, gradually decreased during ripening. Between the two cultivars with a mealy texture, ‘Akane’ fruit produced extremely low levels of ethylene, whereas ‘Orin’ fruit produced high levels. The water-soluble polyuronide (WSP) contents of ‘Kiou’ and ‘Fuji’ fruit did not change clearly. In contrast, the WSP contents of the other three cultivars, especially ‘Akane’ and ‘Orin’, increased during ripening. In ‘Kiou’, ‘Kitaro’, and ‘Fuji’ fruit, the molecular-mass distributions of WSPs did not change during ripening. Conversely, the molecular-mass distribution of WSPs in ‘Akane’ and ‘Orin’ fruit exhibited downshifts during ripening. These results indicate that solubilization and depolymerization of pectic polyuronides occur during ripening in mealy ‘Akane’ and ‘Orin’ fruit, and that ethylene may not be involved in these changes.


Keywords


flesh firmness, molecular weight, softening, storage.

Full Text:

PDF


References

Arefi, A., Moghaddam, P.A., Moltagh, A.M., and Hassanpour, A. (2017). Towards real-time speckle Image Processing for Mealiness Assestment in Apple Fruit. International Journal of Food properties, 20, pp. 135-148.

Billy, L., Mehinagic, E., Royer, G., Renard, C.M.G.C., Arvisenet, G., Prost, C., and Jourjon, F. (2008). Relationship between Texture and Pectin Composition of Two Apple Cultivars during Storage. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 47(3), pp. 315-324.

Blumenkrantz, N. and Asboe-Hansen, G. (1973). New method for quantitative determination of uronic acids. Analytical Biochemistry, 54(2), pp. 484-489.

Bowen, A.J., Blake, A., Turecek, J., and Amyotte, B. (2019). External preference mapping: a guide for a consumer-driven approach to apple breeding. Journal of Sensory Study, 34(1), pp.1-12.

Buccheri, M. and Cantwell, M. (2014). Damage to intact fruit affects quality of slices from ripened tomatoes. LWT- Food Science and Technology, 59(1), pp. 327-334.

Buergy, A., Rolland-Sabate, A., Leca, A., and Renard, C.M.G.C. (2021). Apple puree’s texture is independent from fruit firmness. LWT- Food Science and Technology, 145, pp. 1-8.

Chen, H., Cao, S., Gao, H., Fang, X., and Li, J. (2016). Hydroxyl radical is involved in cell wall disassembly and aril breakdown in mulberry fruit during storage. Scientia Holticulturae, 209, pp. 249-254.

Cronje, R.J. (2019). Effect of fruit canopy position, harvest maturity and storage duration on post-harvest mealiness development of ‘Forelle’ pears (Pyrus communis L.). Thesis. Stellenbosch University.

Dong, Y., Zhang, S., and Wang, Y. (2018). Compositional changes in cell wall polyuronides and enzyme activities associated with melting/ mealy textural property during ripening following long-term storage of ‘Comice’ and d’Anjou’ pears. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 135, pp.131–140.

Dong, Y., Huanhuan, Z., and Meng, L. (2019). Textural property and cell wall metabolism of ‘Golden Bosc’ and ‘d’Anjou pears as influenced by oxygen regimes after long-term controlled atmosphere storage. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 151, pp. 26-35.

Dubois, M., Gilles, K.A., Hamilton, J.K., Rebers, P.A., and Smith, F. (1956). Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Analytical Biochemistry, 28(3), pp. 350-356.

Fenn, M.A. and Giovannoni, J.J. (2021). Phytohormones in fruit development and maturation. The Plant Journal, 105 (2021), pp. 446-458.

Gwanpua, S.G, Buggenhout, S.V., Verlinden, B.E., Christiaens, S., Shpigelman, A., Vicent, V., Kermani, Z.J., Nicolai, B.M., Hendrick, M., and Geeraerd, A. (2014). Pectin modifications and the role of pectin-degrading enzyme during postharvest softening of Jonagold Apples. Food Chemistry, 158, pp. 283-291.

Hunter, D.A., Napier, N.J., Erridge, Z.A., Saei, A., Chen, R.K.Y., McKenzie, M.J., O’Donoghue, E.M., Hunt, M., Favre, L., Lill, R.E., and Brummell, D. (2021). Transcriptome responses of ripe cherry tomato fruit exposed to chilling and rewarming identify reversible and irreversible gen expression. Frontier Plant Science, 12, pp. 1-15.

Iwanami, H., Moriya, S., Kotoda, N., Takahashi, S., and Abe, K. (2005). Influence of mealiness on the firmness of apples after harvest. Horticultural Science, 40(7), pp. 2091-2095.

Li, Q., Xu, R., Fang, Q., Yuan, Y., Cao, J., and Jiang, W. (2020). Analyses of microsturcture and cell wall polysaccharides of flesh tissues provide insights into cultivar difference in mealy pattern develop in apple fruit. Food Chemistry, 321, pp. 1-10.

Mollazade, K. and Arefi, A. (2017). Optical analysis using monochromatic imaging- based spatially- resolved techniquw capable of detecting mealiness in apple fruit. Scientia Horticulturae, 225, pp. 589-598.

Moriya, S., Kunihisa, M., Okada, K., Iwanami, H., Iwata, H., Minamikawa, M., Katayose, Y., Matsumoto, T., Mori, S., Sasaki, H., Matsumoto, T., Nishitani, C., Terakami, S., Yamamoto, T., and Abe, K. (2017). Identification of QTLs for flesh mealiness in apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.). The Horticulture Journal, 86(2), pp. 159-170.

Moya-Leon, M., A., Mattus-Araya, E., and Hererra, R. (2019). Molecular events occurring during softening of strawberry fruit. Frontiers in Plant Science, 10(615), pp. 1-19.

Nilo-Poyanco, Vizoso, R., P., Sanhueza, D., Balic, I., Meneses, C., Orellana, A., and Campos-Vargas, R. (2019). A Prunus persica genome wide RNA-seq approach uncovers major differences in the transcriptome among chilling injury sensitive and non-sensitive varieties. Physiologia Plantarum, 166(3), pp. 772-793.

Poles, L., Gentile, A., Giuffrida, A., Valentini, L., Endrizzi, I., Aprea, E., Gasperi, F., Distefano, G., Artioli, G., La Malfa, S., Costa, F., Lovatti, L., and Di Guardo. M. (2020). Role of fruit flesh cell morphology and MDPG1 allelotype in influencing juiciness and texture properties in apple. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 164, pp. 1-10.

Sameshima, Y., Mitsudome, K., Tokunaga, T., Kuwazuru, N., Kami, D., and Sugiyama, K. (2018). Storage characteristics of squash fruit with high mealy texture. Horticultural Research, 17(3), pp. 337-343.

Segonne, S.M., Bruneau, M. Celton, J., Gall, S.L., Francin-Allami, M., Juchaux, M., Laurens, F., Orsel, M., and Renou, J. (2014). Multiscale investigation of mealiness in apple: an atypical role for a pectin methylesterase during fruit maturation. BMC Plant Biology, 14(375), pp. 1-18.

Sun, X., Yang, Q., Guo, W., Dai, L., and Chen, W. (2013) Modification of cell wall polysaccharide during ripening of chinese bayberry fruit. Scintia Horticulturae, 106, pp. 155-162.

Tatsuki, M., Yukata, S., Hiedaki, Y., Yuko, S., and Naoko, N. (2021). the storage temperature affects flesh firmness and gene expression patterns of cell wall-modifying enzymes in stony hard peaches. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 181, pp. 1-11.

Voiniciuc, C., Engle, K.A., Gunl, M., Dieluweit, S., Schmidt, M.H., Yang, J., Moremen, K., Mohnen, D., and Usadel, B. (2018). Identification of key enzymes for pectin synthesis in seed mucilage. Plant Physiology, 178(3), pp. 1045-1064.

Vanoli, M., Lovati, F., Grassi, M., Buccheri, M., Zanella, A., Cattaneo, T.M.P., and Rizzolo, A. (2018). Water spectral pattern as a marker for studying apple sensory texture. Advances in Horticultural science, 32(3), pp. 343-351.

Win, N.M. W., Yoo, J., Kwon, S., Watkins, C.B., and Kang, I. (2019). Characterization of fruit quality attributes and cell wall metabolism in 1-methylclyclopropene (1-MCP) treated summer king and green ball apples during cold storage. Frontier in Plant Science, 10(1513), pp. 1-12.

Win, N.M., Yoo, J., Naing, A.H., Kwon, J., and Kang, I. (2021). 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment delays modification of cell wall pectin and fruit softening in “Hwangok” and “Picnic” apples during cold storage. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 180, pp. 1-11.

Zamil, M.S. and Geitmann, A. (2017). The middle lamella- more than a glue. Physical Biology, 14 (1), pp. 1-11.

Zhang, S., Ma, M., Zhang, H., Qian, M., Zhang, Z., Luo, W., Fan, J., Liu, Z., and Wang, L. (2019). Genome-wide analysis of polygalacturonase gene family from pear genome and identification of the member involved in pear softening. BMC Plant Biology, 19(1), pp. 1-12.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ipas.72768

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 944 | views : 531

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share