Beta Masih Takut: The Story of Forgiveness and Intergroup Anxiety from Post-Conflict Survivors
Abstract
Keywords
DOI: 10.22146/jpsi.93712
References
Abduh, R. H., & Kamal, A. (2023). Relasi sosial etnis tionghoa-melayu di kota tanjungbalai pasca konflik tahun 2016. Al-Mada: Jurnal Agama, Sosial, dan Budaya, 6(2), 1-20.
Afif, A. (2015). Forgiveness, Rekonsiliasi dan Restorative Justice. Pustaka Pelajar, Yogyakarta.
Agung, I. M. (2016). Pengembangan dan validasi pengukuran skala forgiveness TRIM-18. Jurnal Psikologi, 11(2), 79-87. http://ejournal.uin-suska.ac.id/index.php/psikologi
Akhtar, S., Dolan, A., & Barlow, J. (2017). Understanding the relationship between state forgiveness and psychological well-being: A qualitative study. Journal of religion and health, 56(2), 450–463. https://doi10.1007/s10943-016-0188-9
Ariefka, Y., Sari, K., & Yulandari, N. (2018). Memaafkan Pelaku Perkosaan di Masa Konflik: Perjalanan Panjang Korban Konflik di Aceh. Seurune Jurnal Psikologi Unsyiah, 1(2), 58-83. https://doi.org/10.24815/s-jpu.v1i2.11572
Barlow, F. K., Louis, W. R., & Terry, D. J. (2010). Minority report: Social identity, cognitions of rejection and intergroup anxiety predicting prejudice from one racially marginalized group towards another. European Journal of Social …. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.651
Bohm, R., Rusch, H., & Baron, J. (2020). The psychology of intergroup conflict: A review of theories and measures. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 178, 947-962. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2018.01.020
Borinca, I., Falomir-Pichastor, J. M., Andrighetto, L., & Halabi, S. (2021). Overcoming negative reactions to prosocial intergroup behaviors in post-conflict societies: The power of intergroup apology. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 95, 104140.
Cakal, H., & Petrović, N. (2017). Intergroup Contact And In-group Identification As Predictors Intergroup Attitudes And Forgiveness In The Serbian Context: The Moderating Role Of Exposure To Positive Information. Primenjena psihologija, 10(4), 477-497. https://doi.org/10.19090/pp.2017.4.477-497
Christ, O., Kauff, M. (2019). Intergroup Contact Theory. In: Sassenberg, K., Vliek, M.L.W. (eds) Social Psychology in Action. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13788-5_10
De Vita, G. E., Trillo, C. Martinez-Perez, A. (2016). Community planning and urban design in contested places. Some insights from Belfast, Journal of Urban Design, 21:3, 320-334, DOI: 10.1080/13574809.2016.1167586
Ernas, S. (2018). Dari Konflik ke Integrasi Sosial: Pelajaran dari Ambon-Maluku. International Journal of Islamic Thought, 14, 99–111. https://doi.org/10.24035/ijit.14.2018.009
Fehr, R., Gelfand, M. J., & Nag, M. (2010). The road to forgiveness: A meta-analytic synthesis of its situational and dispositional correlates. Psychological Bulletin, 136(5), 894–914. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019993
Ginting, F., Buulolo, E., & Siagian, E. R. (2019). Implementasi Algoritma Regresi Linear Sederhana Dalam Memprediksi Besaran Pendapatan Daerah (Studi Kasus: Dinas Pendapatan Kab. Deli Serdang). KOMIK (Konferensi Nasional Teknologi Informasi dan Komputer), 3(1). https://doi.org/10.30865/komik.v3i1.1602
Hasudungan, A. N. (2021). Implementasi Konsep Triple Nexus Dalam Upaya Membangun Perdamaian (Peacebuilding) Setelah Konflik Ambon-Maluku. Harmoni, 20(1), 35-47. https://doi.org/10.32488/harmoni.v20i1.469
Hidayanti, R. F. (2019). Pengaruh ketakutan akan kejahatan dan forgiveness terhadap stigmatisasi masyarakat pada narapidana perempuan (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim). http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/id/eprint/15416
Hogg, M. A., & Abrams, D. (2007). Intergroup behavior and social identity. The Sage Handbook of Social Psychology …. https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=Dn3x670cxjoC&oi=fnd&pg=PA335&dq=%22intergroup+anxiety%22&ots=8rJhcxQnWR&sig=2hKE_9aIslKN-XP-qdln2rY0qUk
Hopkins, P. D., & Shook, N. J. (2017). Development of an intergroup anxiety toward Muslims scale. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 61(July 2016), pp. 7–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2017.08.002
Hughes, J., Donnelly, C., Leitch, R., & Burns, S. (2016). Caught in the conundrum: Neoliberalism and education in post-conflict Northern Ireland – Exploring shared education. Policy Futures in Education, 14(8), 1091–1100. https://doi.org/10.1177/1478210316671097
https://setara-institute.org/ringkasan-eksekutif-indeks-kota-toleran-2020/
Irene, G., & Ampuni, S. (2020). Do intergroup threats provoke intergroup anxiety? An experimental study on Chinese ethnic group in Indonesia. Jurnal Psikologi Sosial, 18(3), 247-260. https://doi.org/10.7454/jps.2020.24
Ismail, A. (2017). MEMBEDAH KERUKUNAN PASCA KONFLIK Refleksi Segregasi Pemukiman Muslim dan Nasrani di Ambon. Al-Qalam, 23(1), 1-14.
Kaplan, D. H., & Woodhouse, K. (2004). Research in ethnic segregation I: Causal factors. Urban geography, 25(6), 579–585.
Khoiri, N. (2018). Metodologi penelitian pendidikan: ragam, model, dan pendekatan. SEAP: Southeast Asean Publishing, Semarang. (In Press).
Laela, F., & Laksmiwati, H. (2021). Hubungan Antara Forgiveness Dan Happiness Pada Komunitas Konselor Motivator.
Laura, M., Peruginni, L., & Solano, A. C. (2015). Intergroup anxiety , cultural sensitivity and socio-cultural diverse leaders ’ effectiveness Ansiedad intergrupal, sensibilidad culturaly Research. 8(1), 36–45.
Leach, M. M., Baker, A., & Zeigler-Hill, V. (2011). The Influence of Black Racial Identity on the Forgiveness of Whites. Journal of Black Psychology, 37(2), 185–209. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095798410380201
Mähönen, T. A., Ihalainen, K., & ... (2013). Specifying the contact hypothesis in a minority-minority context: A social identity perspective. Zeitschrift Für …. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2013-43041-004
Mahyuddin032, M. (2020). Peran Strategis IAIN Ambon dan IAKN Ambon Dalam Merawat Toleransi Sosial dan Moderasi Beragama di Ambon Maluku. KURIOSITAS: Media Komunikasi Sosial Dan Keagamaan, 13(1), 103-124. https://doi.org/10.35905/kur.v13i1.1410
McCullough, M. E. (2000). Forgiveness as human strength: Theory, measurement, and links to well-being. Journal of social and clinical psychology, 19(1), 43–55. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2000.19.1.43
McCullough, M. E. (2001). Forgiveness: Who does it and how do they do it? Current directions in psychological science, 10(6), 194–197. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8721.00147
McCullough, M. E., Root, L. M., & Cohen, A. D. (2006). Writing about the benefits of an interpersonal transgression facilitates forgiveness. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 74(5), 887. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.74.5.887
McCullough, M. E., Bono, G., & Root, L. M. (2007). Rumination, emotion, and forgiveness: three longitudinal studies. Journal of personality and social psychology, 92(3), 490. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.92.3.490
Montana, O., Loisa, R., & Utami, L. S. S. (2018). Masyarakat dan Kearifan Budaya Lokal (Bentuk Pela Masyarakat di Negeri Batu Merah Kota Ambon Pasca Rekonsiliasi). Koneksi, 2(2), 507-514.
Ningsih, Y. F. (2019). Hubungan Antara Karakteristik Kepribadian Dengan Forgiveness Pada Remaja Akhir (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Mercu Buana Yogyakarta). http://eprints.mercubuana-yogya.ac.id/id/eprint/4824
Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Wisco, B. E., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2008). Rethinking rumination. Perspectives on psychological science, 3(5), 400-424. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6924.2008.00088.x
Nurdiani, N. (2014). Teknik sampling snowball dalam penelitian lapangan. ComTech: Computer, Mathematics and Engineering Applications, 5(2), 1110–1118. https://doi.org/10.21512/comtech.v5i2.2427
Pamungkas, C. (2015). Social contexts of exclusionary reactions: study on Muslim and Christian relation in the city of Ambon. Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies, 5(1), 49-78.
Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. E. (2004). Character strengths and virtues: A handbook and classification (Vol. 1). Oxford University Press.
Ramiah, A. Al, Hewstone, M., & Schmid, K. (2011). Social identity and intergroup conflict. Psychological Studies. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12646-011-0075-0
Reinders Folmer, C. P., et al. (2021). Repairing Trust Between Individuals and Groups: The Effectiveness of Apologies in Interpersonal and Intergroup Contexts. International Review of Social Psychology, 34(1): 14, 1–15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/irsp.479
Rosenthal, L., Levy, S. R., London, B., & Lewis, M. A. (2016). Polyculturalism among Undergraduates at Diverse Universities: Associations through Intergroup anxiety with Academic and Alcohol Outcomes. Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy, 16(1), 193–226. https://doi.org/10.1111/asap.12121
Sapulette, A. A. (2019). Interaksi Sosial Antarumat Beragama Di Desa Nania, Kota Ambon, Provinsi Maluku. Dialektika, 12(1), 1-10.
Schmid, K., & Hewstone, M. (2011). Social identity complexity: Theoretical implications for the social psychology of intergroup relations. psycnet.apa.org. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2011-11440-005
Shabrina, E., Hasnawati, H., & Fadhilah, F. (2019). Gambaran Perilaku Forgiveness Dalam Konflik Persahabatan. Al-Qalb: Jurnal Psikologi Islam, 10(2), 141-151. https://ejournal.uinib.ac.id/jurnal/index/php/alqalbi/indeks
Stathi, S., Husnu, S., & Pendleton, S. (2017). Intergroup contact and contact norms as predictors of post-conflict forgiveness. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 21(1), 20–39. https://doi.org/10.1037/gdn0000060
Stephan, C. W., & Stephan, W. G. (2017). Intergroup anxiety. The International Encyclopedia of Intercultural Communication, pp. 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118783665.ieicc0165
Stephan, W. G. (2014). Intergroup anxiety: Theory, Research, and Practice. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 18(3), 239–255. https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868314530518
Stephan, W. G., & Stephan, C. W. (1985). Intergroup anxiety. Journal of Social Issues, 41(3), 157–175. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1985.tb01134.x
Susanto, D. (2019). Interaksi dan Perubahan Sosial Budaya Pasca Konflik Antarsuku (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Negeri Semarang).
Takaku, S. (2001). The Effects of Apology and Perspective Taking on Interpersonal Forgiveness: A Dissonance-Attribution Model of Interpersonal Forgiveness. The Journal of Social Psychology, 141:4, pp. 494–508, DOI: 10.1080/00224540109600567.
Vezzali, L., Giovannini, D., & Capozza, D. (2010). Longitudinal effects of contact on intergroup relations: The role of majority and minority group membership and intergroup emotions. Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology, 20(6), 462-479. https://doi.org/10.1002/casp.1058
Wade, N. G., & Tittler, M. V. (2020). Psychological interventions to promote forgiveness of others: Review of empirical evidence. In E. L. Worthington, Jr. & N. G. Wade (Eds.), Handbook of forgiveness (pp. 255–265). Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351123341-24
White, F. A., & Abu-Rayya, H. M. (2012). A dual identity-electronic contact (DIEC) experiment promoting short-and long-term intergroup harmony. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022103112000108
Yuli, R. R., & Pramudiani, D. (2020). FORGIVENESS MENUJU REKONSILIASI: FORGIVENESS TOWARD RECONCILIATION. Jurnal Psikologi Jambi, 5(1), 37-42.
Yustisia, W., & Hudijana, J. (2021). Extended Intergroup Contact and Out-group Attitude of Students in Public and Religious Homogeneous Schools: Understanding the Mediating Role of In-group Norms, Out-group Norms, and Intergroup anxiety. Jurnal Psikologi, 48(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.22146/jpsi.42419
Critcher, C. R., Mazziotta, A., Dovidio, J. F., & Brown, R. (2013). Intergroup differences in intergroup anxiety: How majorities’ self-focused anxiety disrupts intergroup contact. In Avaiable at: http://claytoncritcher ….
Murašovs, V., Ruža, A., Raščevskis, V., & ... (2015). EXPECTING REFUGEES IN LATVIA: INTERGROUP ANXIETY. Social Sciences …. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&profile=ehost&scope=site&authtype=crawler&jrnl=16911881&AN=118873551&h=o60o4wwGybSQK5wvFQLRdsVqyirQu53g6yRjKSaqCyDXtTlWm8qDU6NyLoH0dK1w4TN8ImQXBs04idez%2Ff%2FxwA%3D%3D&crl=c
Rodríguez, N. D., Mateo, E. A., Rodríguez, V. B., & ... (2018). Intergroup trust and anxiety: The two sides of stigma towards people with Down syndrome. Anales de Psicología …. https://revistas.um.es/analesps/article/view/analesps.34.1.267311
West, T. V, Page-Gould, E., Koslov, K., Major, B., & ... (2017). Contagious anxiety: Intergroup anxiety potentiates physiological influence. In Psychological Science.
Wölfer, R., Christ, O., Schmid, K., Tausch, N., & ... (2019). Indirect contact predicts direct contact: Longitudinal evidence and the mediating role of intergroup anxiety. Journal of Personality …. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspi0000146
Beck, A. M. (2014). Help-seeking attitudes in India: The role of religion, intergroup anxiety, collective self-esteem, & emotional intelligence. thekeep.eiu.edu. https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/1286/
Phillips, N. J., & Cromwell, A. (2020). Building bridges in police-youth relations through experiential peacebuilding: how reduced threat and increased humanization impact racialized structural and direct violence in Baltimore. Journal of Peace Education, 17(3), 324–345. https://doi.org/10.1080/17400201.2020.1782181
Žeželj, I. L., Ioannou, M., Franc, R., Psaltis, C., & Martinovic, B. (2017). The role of inter-ethnic online friendships in prejudice reduction in post-conflict societies: Evidence from Serbia, Croatia and Cyprus. Computers in Human Behavior, 76, 386–395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.07.041
Al Qurtuby, S. (2022). Grassroots peacebuilding in contemporary Indonesia. In The Wiley Blackwell Companion to Religion and Peace (pp. 112–123). https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119424420.ch9
Sienkiewicz, S. (2022). Is Custom a Tool for Remedying or Reinforcing Social Inequalities? New Strategies
for Dialogue and Peace in Maluku, Indonesia. Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology, 23(1), 20–39. https://doi.org/10.1080/14442213.2021.2007280
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2024 Jurnal Psikologi
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-sa/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.