The effect of active compound isolated from the leaves of kembang bulan [Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsley) A. Gray] on cell cycle and angiogenesis of WiDr cell line

Abstract

Colorectal cancer is the tenth most common form of malignant tumor of hospital inpatients in
Indonesia. Advance approaches in anticancer development is discovery molecular-targeted drugs.
Molecular targets for anticancer drug have been identified including genes associated with cell
cycle control and angiogenesis. Previously, an active and selective compound against WiDr from
Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsley) A. has been isolated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the
effect of the isolated active compound fromT. diversifolia on the WiDr cell cycle and angiogenesis.
Isolation of the active compound was performed by preparative thin layer chromatography (TLC)
method. WiDr cell cycle was analyzed by flowcytometry using propidium iodide (PI).
Antiangiogenesis effect was evaluated by immunocytochemistry method using anti-human VEGF
monoclonal antibody. The results showed that the effect of the isolated active compound on
the WiDr cell cycle depended on the concentration and the incubation time periods. At
concentration of 4 μg/mL, it inhibited the WiDr cell cycle SubG1 phase after 36 and 48 hours
incubation and G1 phase after 72 hours incubation. While at concentration of 8 μg/mL, it clearly
inhibited the WiDr cell cycle G1 phase after 36, 48 and 72 hours incubation. Furthermore, the
isolated active compound at concentration of 4 μg/mL significantly inhibited the VEGF expression
until 47.38% compared to control. In conclusion, the isolated active compound fromT. diversifolia
inhibited cell cycle and angiogenesis of WiDr cell.