Polymorphism of CSN2 Gene Exon 7 in Indonesian Dairy Goat Breeds

https://doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v47i3.84098

Gisela Deviandini(1), Ronny Rachman Noor(2*), Epi Taufik(3), Santiananda Arta Asmarasari(4)

(1) Graduate School of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, 16680
(2) Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, 16680
(3) Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, 16680
(4) National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, 16911
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Milk production and composition are the main factors in the dairy industry. However, these traits are influenced by several factors, such as genetic factors. The CSN2 gene exon 7 is one of the genes that can affect the protein composition of goat milk. Several studies on the CSN2 gene exon seven have been conducted on Italian and Indian goat breeds, and their genetic variations have been found. Studies about CSN2 gene exon seven polymorphisms in Indonesia have been completed but found no variations. Therefore, this study aims to find genetic variations of CSN2 gene exon 7 using the Sanger Sequencing Method. Ninety-five blood samples of 66 Sapera, 15 Saanen, and 14 Etawa Grade goats were collected from the Livestock Research Center, Ciawi. Genetic diversity was calculated using PopGene32 programs. The results found two polymorphic SNPs in all three dairy goat breeds, namely g.8946C>T and g.8956G>A. Three genotypes found in SNP g.8946C>T are CC, CT, and TT, while a new SNP g.8956G>A found two genotypes (GG and GA). In conclusion, SNPs g.8946C>T and g.8956G>A are polymorphic. Additional research should be conducted to determine whether there is any association between these 2 SNPs and milk production and quality.


Keywords


CSN2 exon 7 gene; dairy goat; SNP

Full Text:

PDF. Deviandini


References

Allendorf, F. W., G. H. Luikart, and S. N. Aitken. 2012. Conservation and the Genetics of Populations. 2nd ed. Blackwell Publishing, Massachusetts, USA.

Amills, M., J. Jordana, A. Zidi, and J. Manuel. 2012. Genetic Factors that Regulate Milk Protein and Lipid Composition in Goats. Milk Prod. Adv. Genet. Trait. Cell. Mech. Anim. Manag. Heal. 3–30. doi:10.5772/51716.

Asmarasari, S. A., C. Sumantri, I. W. Mathius, and A. Anggraeni. 2014. Polimorfisme gen Diasilgliserol Asiltransferase 1 dan asosiasinya dengan komponen asam lemak susu sapi perah Friesian Holstein. Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner 19: 159–167. http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/wartazoa.v29i2.1890.

Chesnokov, Y. V. and A. M. Artemyeva. 2015. Evaluation of the Measure of Polymorphism Information of Genetic Diversity. Agric. Biol. 50: 571–578. doi:10.15389/agrobiology. 2015.5.571rus.

Kaleka, N. and N. K. Haryadi. 2013. Kambing Perah. Cetakan 1. ARCITA, Solo.

Kusza, S., D. E. Ilie, M. Sauer, K. Nagy, I. Patras, and D. Gavojdian. 2016. Genetic polymorphism of CSN2 gene in Banat White and Carpatina goats. Acta Biochim. Pol. 63: 577–580. doi:10.18388/abp.2016_1266.

Li, X., G. W. K. Spencer, L. Ong, and S. L. Gras. 2022. Beta casein proteins – A comparison between caprine and bovine milk. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 121: 30–43. doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2022.01.023.

Martin, P., L. Bianchi, C. Cebo, and G. Miranda. 2013. Genetic Polymorphism of Milk Proteins. In: Advanced Dairy Chemistry. Vol. 1. 4th ed. Springer, Boston. p. 1–548.

Pineda, P. S., J. D. Delos Santos, and E. B. Flores. 2019. Genetic polymorphism of β-casein exon 7 in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). Philipp. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 45: 197–202.

Rahmatalla, S. A., D. Arends, and G. A. Brockmann. 2022. Review: Genetic and protein variants of milk caseins in goats. Front. Genet. 13.doi:10.3389/fgene.2022. 995349.

Rahmatalla, S. A., D. Arends, A. Said Ahmed, L. M. A. Hassan, S. Krebs, M. Reissmann, and G. A. Brockmann. 2021. Capture sequencing to explore and map rare casein variants in goats. Front. Genet. 12. doi:10.3389/fgene. 2021.620253.

Ratya., N., E. Taufik, and I. Arief. 2017. Karakteristik kimia, fisik, dan mikrobiologis susu kambing Peranakan Etawa di Bogor. Jurnal Ilmu Produksi dan Teknologi Hasil Peternakan 05: 1–4.

Rusdiana, S., L. Praharani, and S. Sumanto. 2015. Kualitas dan produktivitas susu kambing perah persilangan di Indonesia. Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian 34: 79–86. doi:10.21082/jp3.v34n2. 2015.p79-86.

Sari, O. K. 2020. Polimorfisme Gen β-casein (CSN2) g.8913 A>C pada Kambing Perah di Balitnak. IPB University, Bogor.

Tortorici, L., R. Di Gerlando, S. Mastrangelo, M. T. Sardina, and B. Portolano. 2014. Genetic characterisation of CSN2 gene in Girgentana goat breed. Ital. J. Anim. Sci. 13: 720–722. doi:10.4081/ijas.2014.3414.

Vacca, G. M., M. L. Dettori, G. Piras, F. Manca, P. Paschino, and M. Pazzola. 2014. Goat casein genotypes are associated with milk production traits in the Sarda breed. Anim. Genet. 45: 723–731. doi:10.1111/ age.12188.

Verma, M., D. Laloe, M. S. Dige, S. De, and P. K. Rout. 2022. Landscape and bioclimatic diversity of milk protein variability in tropical goats. Small Rumin. Res. 207: 106614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2022.106614

Verruck, S., A. Dantas, and E. S. Prudencio. 2019. Functionality of the components from goat's milk, recent advances for functional dairy products development and its implications on human health. J. Funct. Foods. 52: 243–257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2018. 11.017

Widodo, H. S., T. W. Murti, A. Agus, and W. Widodo. 2019. Mengidentifikasi peptida bioaktif angiotensin converting enzyme-inhibitor (ACEi) dari kasein β susu kambing dengan polimorfismenya melalui teknik in silico. Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan 7: 180–185. doi:10.17728/jatp.3008.

Yeh, F. and T. Boyle. 1997. Population genetic analysis of co-dominant and dominant markers and quantitative traits. Belgian J. Bot. 129: 157.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v47i3.84098

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 724 | views : 523

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Buletin Peternakan (Bulletin of Animal Science) Indexed by:

   
 
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.