Research on Lemongrass Oil Extraction Technology (Hydrodistillation, Microwave-Assisted Hydrodistillation)

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.40883

Thien Hien Tran(1), Duy Chinh Nguyen(2), Thuong Nhan Nguyen Phu(3), Van Thi Thanh Ho(4), Dai Viet Nguyen Vo(5), Long Giang Bach(6), Trinh Duy Nguyen(7*)

(1) NTT Hi-Technology Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City 755000, Vietnam
(2) NTT Hi-Technology Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City 755000, Vietnam
(3) NTT Hi-Technology Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City 755000, Vietnam
(4) Ho Chi Minh University of Natural Resources and Environment (HCMUNRE), Vietnam
(5) Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak 26300, Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
(6) NTT Hi-Technology Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City 755000, Vietnam
(7) NTT Hi-Technology Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City 755000, Vietnam
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Microwave-assisted hydro-distillation (MAHD) is preferred to traditional extraction methods due to shorter extraction time, the inability of volatile components to be damaged or decomposed which in turn improve the efficiency and quality of essential oils. In this research, we investigated the parameters that affect the extraction of lemongrass oil process by MAHD method and compare with those of hydro-distillation (HD) method. Four parameters were identified which are: raw material size, raw material to water ratio, extraction time and microwave power. The results show that the optimum condition for determining the lemongrass essential oil content is 20 mm in the 90 min extraction time with a microwave power of 450 W at raw material to water ratio of 1:3 (g/mL). When compared to the HD method, we found that the yield lemongrass oil of MAHD method is 0.35% on 90 min and the yield of HD method is 0.2% on 360 min. The quality of oil samples at different extraction method was evaluated by determining their chemical constituents through GC-MS. The highest identified component is Citral with 93.28% for MAHD, while the HD was 83.85%. Therefore, MAHD method is highly efficient and shorten the time needed for the extraction of essential oils.

Keywords


microwave; microwave-assisted hydrodistillation; hydrodistillation; lemongrass oil; extraction

Full Text:

Full Text PDF


References

[1] Jeyaratnam, N., Nour, A.H., Kantasamy, R., and Akindoyo, J.O., 2017, Microwave assisted hydrodistillation – An overview of mechanism and heating properties, Aust. J. Basic Appl. Sci., 11 (3), 22–29.

[2] Amaresh, A., Guha, P., Khan, S., and Zari, S.R., 2017, Comparative study of microwave assisted hydro-distillation with conventional hydro-distillation for extraction of essential oil from Piper betle L., Biosci. Biotechnol. Res. Asia, 14 (1), 401–407.

[3] Kusuma, H.S., and Mahfud, M., 2016, Response surface methodology for optimization studies of microwave-assisted extraction of sandalwood oil, J. Mater. Environ. Sci., 7 (6), 1958–1971.

[4] Mathialagan, R., 2012, Extraction and Characterization of essential oil from ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) and lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) by Microwave-Assisted Hydrodistillation (MAHD), Undergraduate Thesis, Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resource Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang.

[5] Wei, L., Zhang, Y., and Jiang, B., 2013, Comparison of microwave-assisted hydrodistillation with the traditional hydrodistillation method in the extraction of essential oils from dwarfed Cinnamomum camphora var. Linaolifera Fujita leaves and twigs, Adv. J. Food Sci. Technol., 5 (11), 1436–1442.

[6] Karakaya, S., El, S.N., Karagozlu, N., Sahin, S., Sumnu, G., and Bayramoglu, B., 2014, Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation of essential oil from rosemary, J. Food Sci. Technol., 51 (6), 1056–1065.

[7] Jiang, Z.T., Feng, X., Li, R., and Wang, Y., 2013, Composition comparison of essential oils extracted by classical hydrodistillation and microwave-assisted hydrodistillation from Pimenta dioica, J. Essent. Oil Bear. Plants, 16 (1), 45–50.

[8] Kusuma, H.S., and Mahfud, M., 2017, Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation for extraction of essential oil from patchouli (Pogostemon cablin) leaves, Period. Polytech. Chem. Eng., 61 (2), 82–92.

[9] Rezvanpanah, S., Rezaei, K., Razavi, S.H., and Moini, S., 2008, Use of microwave-assisted hydrodistillation to extract the essential oils from Satureja hortensis and Satureja montana, Food Sci. Technol. Res., 14 (3), 311–314.

[10] Asghari, J., Touli, C.K., and Mazaheritehrani, M., 2012, Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation of essential oils from Echinophora platyloba DC, J. Med. Plants Res., 6 (28), 4475–4480.

[11] Golmakani, M.T., and Moayyedi, M., 2015, Comparison of heat and mass transfer of different microwave-assisted extraction methods of essential oil from Citrus limon (Lisbon variety) peel, Food Sci. Nutr., 3 (6), 506–518.

[12] Kusuma, H.S., and Mahfud, M., 2017, Comparison of kinetic models of oil extraction from sandalwood by microwave-assisted hydrodistillation, Int. Food Res. J., 24 (4), 1697–1702.

[13] Moradalizadeh, M., Samadi, N., and Rajaei, P., 2013, Comparison of hydrodistillation, microwave hydrodistillation and solvent-free microwave methods in analysis of the essential oils from aerial parts of Haplophyllum robustum Bge. by GC/MS method, Int. J. Adv. Biol. Biomed. Res., 1 (9), 1058–1067.

[14] Farjam, M.H., Zardosht, M., and Joukar, M., 2011, Comparison of microwave-assisted hydrodistillation and traditional hydrodistillation methods for extraction of the Vitex pseudo-negundo essential oils, Adv. Environ. Biol., 8 (21), 82–85.

[15] Mathialagan, R., Nour, A.H., Sulaiman, Z.A., Nour, A.H., and Raj, S.T., 2014, Comparison of chemical composition and toxicity of essential oils from lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) extracted with microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAH) and conventional hydrodistillation (HD) methods, J. Adv. Nat. Sci., 1 (1), 10–15.

[16] Jeyaratnam, N., Nour, A.H., and Akindoyo, J.O., 2016, Comparative study between hydrodistillation and microwave-assisted hydrodistillation for extraction of Cinnamomum cassia oil, ARPN J. Eng. Appl. Sci., 11 (4), 2647–2652.

[17] Skaria, B.P., Joy, P.P., Mathew, G., Mathew, S., and Joseph, A., 2006, “Lemongrass” in Handbook of Herbs and Spices: Volume 3, Eds., Peter, K.V., CRC Press; Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge, UK, 400–419.

[18] Shah, G., Shri, R., Panchal, V., Sharma, N., Singh, B., and Mann, A., 2011, Scientific basis for the therapeutic use of Cymbopogon citratus, Stapf (Lemon grass), J. Adv. Pharm. Technol. Res., 2 (1), 3–8.

[19] Mosquera, T., Noriega, P., Cornejo, J., and Pardo, M.L., 2016, Biological activity of Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf and its potential cosmetic activities, Int. J. Phytocosmet. Nat. Ingredients, 3 (7), 1–7.

[20] Okoh, O.O., Sadimenko, A.P., and Afolayan, A.J., 2010, Comparative evaluation of the antibacterial activities of the essential oils of Rosmarinus officinalis L. obtained by hydrodistillation and solvent free microwave extraction methods, Food Chem., 120 (1), 308–312.

[21] Madivoli, E.S., Gitu, L., and Gumba, E., 2012, Isolation and identification of essential oils from Cymbopogon citratus (Stapf) DC using GC-MS and FT-IR, Chem. Mater. Res., 2 (4), 13–23.

[22] Parikh, J.K., and Desai, M.A., 2011, Hydrodistillation of essential oil from Cymbopogon flexuosus, Int. J. Food Eng., 7 (1), 1–9.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.40883

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 12105 | views : 14132


Copyright (c) 2019 Indonesian Journal of Chemistry

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

 

Indonesian Journal of Chemistry (ISSN 1411-9420 /e-ISSN 2460-1578) - Chemistry Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.

Web Analytics View The Statistics of Indones. J. Chem.