Glutaraldehyde Crosslinked Alginate-Chitosan Nanoparticles as Paracetamol Adsorbent

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.82431

Nurmala Nurmala(1), Adhitasari Suratman(2*), Suherman Suherman(3)

(1) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
(2) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
(3) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Paracetamol contained in wastewater can cause adverse effects on animal ecosystems, such as fish living in waters and cause harmful effects on humans. Adsorption techniques are used to remove these pharmaceutical compounds. Alginate-chitosan nanoparticles are non-toxic and effectively used as adsorbents to remove pharmaceutical compounds in wastewater. Research on glutaraldehyde crosslinked alginate-chitosan nanoparticles as paracetamol adsorbent has been carried out. This research used the ionic gelation method. Nanoparticles were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM-EDX) and Fourier transform infra-red spectrophotometer (FTIR). Furthermore, the nanoparticles were used for paracetamol adsorption. The results showed that the form nanoparticles are coarse solid powder and brownish yellow. The TEM image shows an average nanoparticle size of 8.22 nm. Glutaraldehyde crosslinked alginate-chitosan nanoparticles adsorbed paracetamol with adsorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order or Ho-McKay model, the adsorption rate constant of 0.0324 g mg−1 min−1. The isotherm study of paracetamol adsorption by glutaraldehyde cross-linked alginate-chitosan nanoparticles followed the isotherm Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm model with a free energy value of 707.1068 kJ mol−1, and this value indicates the adsorption process by chemically or chemisorption.

Keywords


adsorption; alginate; chitosan; glutaraldehyde; paracetamol

Full Text:

Full Text PDF


References

[1] Vinayagam, V., Murugan, S., Kumaresan, R., Narayanan, M., Sillanpää, M., Viet N Vo, D., Kushwaha, O.S., Jenis, P., Potdar, P., and Gadiya, S., 2022, Sustainable adsorbents for the removal of pharmaceuticals from wastewater: A review, Chemosphere, 300, 134597.

[2] Dhiman, N., and Sharma, N., 2019, Removal of pharmaceutical drugs from binary mixtures by use of ZnO nanoparticles: (Competitive adsorption of drugs), Environ. Technol. Innovation, 15, 100392.

[3] Bernal, V., Giraldo, L., and Moreno-Piraján, J.C., 2021, Understanding the solid- liquid equilibria between paracetamol and activated carbon: thermodynamic approach of the interactions adsorbent-adsorbate using equilibrium, kinetic and calorimetry data, J. Hazard. Mater., 419, 126432.

[4] Amouzgar, P., Vakili, M., Chan, E.S., and Salamatinia, B., 2017, Effects of beading parameters for development of chitosan-nano-activated carbon biocomposite for acetaminophen elimination from aqueous sources, Environ. Eng. Sci., 34 (11), 805–815.

[5] Koagouw, W., Arifin, Z., Olivier, G.W.J., and Ciocan, C., 2021, High concentrations of paracetamol in effluent dominated waters of Jakarta Bay, Indonesia, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 169, 112558.

[6] Mashayekh-Salehi, A., and Moussavi, G., 2015, Removal of acetaminophen from the contaminated water using adsorption onto carbon activated with NH4Cl, Desalin. Water Treat., 57 (27), 12861–12873.

[7] Igwegbe, C.A., Aniagor, C.O., Oba, S.N., Yap, P.S., Iwuchukwu, F.U., Liu, T., de Souza, E.C., and Ighalo, J.O., 2021, Environmental protection by the adsorptive elimination of acetaminophen from water: A comprehensive review, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 104, 117–135.

[8] Shokry, A., El Tahan, A., Ibrahim, H., Soliman, M., and Ebrahim, S., 2019, Polyaniline/akaganéite superparamagnetic nanocomposite for cadmium uptake from polluted water, Desalin. Water Treat., 171, 205–215.

[9] Liakos, E.V., Lazaridou, M., Michailidou, G., Koumentakou, I., Lambropoulou, D.A., Bikiaris, D.N., and Kyzas, G.Z., 2021, Chitosan adsorbent derivatives for pharmaceuticals removal from effluents: A review, Macromol, 1 (2), 130–154.

[10] Zekić, E., Vuković, Ž., and Halkijević, I., 2018, Application of nanotechnology in wastewater treatment, Građevinar, 70 (4), 315–323.

[11] Niculescu, A.G., and Grumezescu, A.M., 2022, Applications of chitosan-alginate-based nano-particles–An up-to-date review, Nanomaterials, 12 (2), 186.

[12] Ferrah, N., Merghache, D., Meftah, S., and Benbellil, S., 2022, A new alternative of a green polymeric matrix chitosan/alginate-polyethylenimineme-thylene phosphonic acid for pharmaceutical residues adsorption, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 29 (9), 13675–13687.

[13] Zhou, Z., Lin, S., Yue, T., and Lee, T.C., 2014, Adsorption of food dyes from aqueous solution by glutaraldehyde cross-linked magnetic chitosan nanoparticles, J. Food Eng., 126, 133–141.

[14] Kyzas, G.Z., Kostoglou, M., Lazaridis, N.K., Lambropoulou, D.A., and Bikiaris, D.N., 2013, Environmental friendly technology for the removal of pharmaceutical contaminants from wastewaters using modified chitosan adsorbents, Chem. Eng. J., 222, 248–258.

[15] Al-Ogaidi, I., 2018, Evaluation of the antioxidant and anticancer effects of biodegradable/biocompatible chitosan–alginate nanoparticles loaded with vitamin C, Int. J. Pharm. Res. Allied Sci., 7 (3), 189–197.

[16] Karthikeyan, P., Banu, H.A.T., and Meenakshi, S., 2019, Synthesis and characterization of metal loaded chitosan-alginate biopolymeric hybrid beads for the efficient removal of phosphate and nitrate ions from aqueous solution, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 130, 407–418.

[17] Kulig, D., Zimoch-Korzycka, A., Jarmoluk, A., and Marycz, K., 2016, Study on alginate–chitosan complex formed with different polymers ratio, Polymers, 8 (5), 167.

[18] Kunjumon, R., Viswanathan, G., and Baby, S., 2021, Biocompatible madecassoside encapsulated alginate chitosan nanoparticles, their anti- proliferative activity on C6 glioma cells, Carbohydr. Polym. Technol. Appl., 2, 100106.

[19] Shaheen, T.I., Montaser, A.S., and Li, S., 2019, Effect of cellulose nanocrystals on scaffolds comprising chitosan, alginate and hydroxyapatite for bone tissue engineering, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 121, 814–821.

[20] Othayoth, R., Mathi, P., Bheemanapally, K., Kakarla, L., and Botlagunta, M., 2015, Characterization of vitamin–cisplatin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles for chemoprevention and cancer fatigue, J. Microencapsulation, 32 (6), 578–588.

[21] Shamszadeh, S., Akrami, M., and Asgary, S., 2022, Size-dependent bioactivity of electrosprayed core–shell chitosan-alginate particles for protein delivery, Sci. Rep., 12 (1), 20097.

[22] Galan, J., Trilleras, J., Zapata, P.A., Arana, V.A., and Grande-Tovar, C.D., 2021, Optimization of chitosan glutaraldehyde-crosslinked beads for reactive blue 4 anionic dye removal using a surface response methodology, Life, 11 (2), 85.

[23] Ramli, R.H., Soon, C.F., and Mohd Rus, A.Z., 2016, Synthesis of chitosan/alginate/silver nanoparticles hydrogel scaffold, MATEC Web Conf., 78, 01031.

[24] Islam, N., Wang, H., Maqbool, F., and Ferro, V., 2019, In vitro enzymatic digestibility of glutaraldehyde-crosslinked chitosan nanoparticles in lysozyme solution and their applicability in pulmonary drug delivery, Molecules, 24 (7), 1271.

[25] Liakos, E.V., Lazaridou, M., Michailidou, G., Koumentakou, I., Lambropoulou, D.A., Bikiaris, D.N., and Kyzas, G.Z., 2021, Chitosan adsorbent derivatives for pharmaceuticals removal from effluents: A review, Macromol, 1 (2), 130–154.

[26] Spaltro, A., Pila, M.N., Colasurdo, D.D., Noseda Grau, E., Román, G., Simonetti, S., and Ruiz, D.L., 2021, Removal of paracetamol from aqueous solution by activated carbon and silica. experimental and computational study, J. Contam. Hydrol., 236, 103739.

[27] Rahdar, S., Taghavi, M., Khaksefidi, R., and Ahmadi, S., 2019, Adsorption of arsenic(V) from aqueous solution using modified saxaul ash: isotherm and thermodynamic study, Appl. Water Sci., 9 (4), 87.

[28] Rezaei, H., Haghshenasfard, M., and Moheb, A., 2017, Optimization of dye adsorption using Fe3O4 nanoparticles encapsulated with alginate beads by Taguchi method, Adsorpt. Sci. Technol., 35 (1-2), 55–71.

[29] Chakraborty, R., Asthana, A., Singh, A.K., Jain, B., and Susan, A.B.H., 2022, Adsorption of heavy metal ions by various low-cost adsorbents: A review, Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem., 102 (2), 342–379.

[30] Sahoo, T.R., and Prelot, B., 2020, “Adsorption processes for the removal of contaminants from wastewater: The perspective role of nanomaterials and nanotechnology” in Nanomaterials for the Detection and Removal of Wastewater Pollutants, Eds. Bonelli, B., Freyria, F.S., Rossetti, I., and Sethi, R., Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 161–222.

[31] Sun, Z., Qu, K., Cheng, Y., You, Y., Huang, Z., Umar, A., Ibrahim, Y.S., Algadi, H., Castañeda, L., Colorado, H.A., and Guo, Z., 2021, Corncob-derived activated carbon for efficient adsorption dye in sewage, ES Food Agrofor., 4, 61–73.

[32] Piccin, J.S., Dotto, G.L., and Pinto, L.A.A., 2011, Adsorption isotherms and thermochemical data of FD&C red N 40 binding by chitosan, Braz. J. Chem. Eng., 28 (2), 295–304.

[33] Iryani, A., Ilmi, M.M., and Hartanto, D., 2017, Adsorption study of Congo red dye with ZSM-5 directly synthesized from Bangka kaolin without organic template, Malays. J. Fundam. Appl. Sci., 13 (4), 832–839.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.82431

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 1726 | views : 976


Copyright (c) 2023 Indonesian Journal of Chemistry

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

 


Indonesian Journal of Chemistry (ISSN 1411-9420 /e-ISSN 2460-1578) - Chemistry Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.

Web
Analytics View The Statistics of Indones. J. Chem.