Fabrication of NiFe2O4/SiO2/TiO2 Magnetic Composite for Effective Photodegradation of Congo Red Dye

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.94143

Poedji Loekitowati Hariani(1*), Salni Salni(2), Melviana Violetta Kimur(3), Nurlisa Hidayati(4), Elfita Elfita(5)

(1) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Jl. Palembang Prabumulih Km. 32, Ogan Ilir 30662, Indonesia; Research Group on Magnetic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Jl. Palembang Prabumulih Km. 32, Ogan Ilir 30662, Indonesia
(2) Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Jl. Palembang Prabumulih Km. 32, Ogan Ilir 30662, Indonesia
(3) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Jl. Palembang Prabumulih Km. 32, Ogan Ilir 30662, Indonesia
(4) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Jl. Palembang Prabumulih Km. 32, Ogan Ilir 30662, Indonesia
(5) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Jl. Palembang Prabumulih Km. 32, Ogan Ilir 30662, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


This study aims to fabricate a NiFe2O4/SiO2/TiO2 magnetic composite to serve as a photocatalyst for the degradation of Congo red dye. The catalyst characterization involved XRD, FTIR, UV-vis DRS, BET, VSM, SEM-EDS, and pHpzc analyses. The performance in degradation was determined by the effect of various variables, including solution pH, dye concentration, and irradiation time. Results revealed that the NiFe2O4/SiO2/TiO2 composite exhibited a crystallite size of 24.56 nm and a bandgap of 2.1 eV. The surface area of NiFe2O4/SiO2/TiO2 was measured at 154 m2/g, exceeding that of NiFe2O4/SiO2 and NiFe2O4, which were observed at 122 and 51 m2/g, respectively. NiFe2O4/SiO2/TiO2 exhibited magnetic properties with a magnetic saturation of 18.55 emu/g. Under optimal conditions (pH 5, initial dye concentration of 20 mg/L, and 90 min of visible irradiation), the degradation efficiency reached 96.86%. It was concluded that the photodegradation was effective, as its efficiency decreased from 96.86 to 92.45% after five reuse cycles. The presence of mineralization was evaluated using total organic carbon analysis, which revealed an 84.60% reduction in carbon content.


Keywords


NiFe2O4/SiO2/TiO2; magnetic composite; photodegradation; Congo red dye

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.94143

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