Peran Kearifan ( Wisdom ) terhadap Kecemasan menghadapi Kematian pada Lansia
Smita Dinakaramani(1*), Aisah Indati(2)
(1) 
(2) Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
The development of individuals ends with the last step of being elderly. Throughout their journey, they accumulate experience which results in wisdom. A wise elder is often described having good judgment, empathy, and the ability to accept change in their life including the acceptance of death as just another phase of life. The aim of this study is to find out the role of wisdom towards death anxiety among the elderly. The hypothesis of this study is “Wisdom has a role towards death anxiety”. This study uses an adaptation of the Death Anxiety Scale (DAS) and the Three-Dimensional Wisdom Scale (3D-WS) as measuring instruments. This study analyzes 130 elderlies between 60 and 85 years old that don’t stay in retirement homes. The data is analyzed using simple linear regression technique. The result of this study shows wisdom has a role towards elderly death anxiety by 14.3%.
Abstrak : Lansia merupakan tahapan terakhir dalam perkembangan manusia. Kearifan merupakan resolusi dari tugas perkembangan oleh lansia. Lansia yang arif dicirikan sebagai individu yang memiliki kemampuan penilaian yang baik, berempati dengan orang lain, dan menerima perubahan- perubahan dalam hidupnya termasuk menerima kematian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran kearifan terhadap kecemasan menghadapi kematian pada lansia. Hipotesis dalam penelitian ini adalah kearifan memiliki peran terhadap kecemasan menghadapi kematian pada lansia. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 130 orang merupakan lansia dengan rentang usia 60 –85 tahun yang tidak tinggal di panti wredha. Penelitian ini menggunakan alat ukur adaptasi dari Death Anxiety Scale (DAS) dan Three-Dimensional Wisdom Scale(3D-WS). Data dianalisis dengan teknik regresi linear sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peran kearifan terhadap kecemasan menghadapi kematian pada lansia sebesar 14.3%
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Ardelt, M. (2003). Empirical assessment of a three dimensional wisdom scale. Research on Aging, 25(3), 275-324. doi: 10.1177/0164027503025003004
Ardelt, M. (2004). Wisdom as expert knowledge system: A critical review of a contemporary operationalization of an ancient concept. Human Development, 47, 257-285. doi: 10.1159/ 000079154
Ardelt, M. (2007). Wisdom, religiosity, purpose in life, and death attitudes of aging adults. In A. Tomer, G. T. Eliason, & P. T. Wong, Existensial and spiritual issues in death attitude (pp. 139-158). New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbau Associates.
Ardelt, M., & Edwards, C. A. (2015). Wisdom at the end of life: An analysis of mediating and moderating relations between wisdom and subjective well-being. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci, 00(00), 1 - 12. doi: 10.1093/geronb/ gbv051
Azeem, F., & Naz, M. A. (2015). Resilience, death anxiety, and depression among institutionalized and noninsititutionalized elderly. Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research, 30(1), 111-130.
Cao, J., & Rammohan, A. (2016). Social capital and healthy ageing in Indonesia. BMC Public Health, 631-645.
Cavanaugh, J. C., & Blanchard-Field, F. (2011). Adult development and aging. Belmont: Thompson Learning.
Cicirelli, V. G. (2002). Fear of death in older adults: Prediction from terror management theory. Journal of Gerontology, 57(4), 358-366. doi: 10.1093/ geronb/57.4.P358
Fry, P. (2003). Percieved self efficacy domains as predictors of fear of the unknown and fear of dying. Psychology and Aging, 18(3), 474-486. doi: 10.1037/ 0882-7974.18.3.474
Hurlock, B. E. (1980). Psikologi perkembangan suatu pendekatan sepanjang rentang kehidupan. Jakarta: Erlangga.
Kompas. (2016, Oktober 24). Sel punca prospektif untuk anti penuaan. Kompas Rubrik Iptek Lingkungan dan Kesehatan. Jakarta: Gramedia Printing.
Krause, N., & Hayward, D. (2014). Religious involvement and death anxiety. Omega, 69(1), 59-87. doi: 10.2190/OM.69.1.d
Liffiton, J. A., Horton, S., Baker, J., & Weir, P. L. (2012). Successful aging: How does physical activity influence engagement with life? European Review of Aging and Physical Activity, 103-108. doi:10.1007/s11556-012-0098-0
McMordie, W. R. (1979). Improving measurement of death anxiety. Psychological Reports, 44(3), 975-980. doi: 10.2466/pr0.1979.44.3.975
Pamungkas, A., Wiyanti, S., & Agustin, R. W. (2013). Hubungan antara religiusitas dan dukungan sosial dengan kecemasan menghadapi tutup usia pada lanjut usia kelurahan Jebres Surakarta. Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi Candrajiwa, 2(1), 1-10.
Randall, W. L., & Kenyon, G. M. (2001). Ordinary wisdom: Biographical aging and the journey of life. Westport: Praeger.
Royal, K., & Fereshte, E. (2011). Psychometric properties of the death anxiety scale among terminally ill patients. Journal of Psychosocial Oncology, 29(4), 359-371. doi: 10.1080/07347332.2011.582639
Setyawan, M. F. (2015). Hubungan spiritualitas dengan tingkat kecemasan menghadapi kematian pada lansia umur di atas 60 tahun di dusun Tanggulangin. Yogyakarta: Unpublish Thesis, STIKES Aisyiyah.
Stephoe, A., Deaton, A., & Stone, A. A. (2015). Psychological wellbeing, health and ageing. Lancet, 640-648. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61489-0
Swenson, W. M. (1961). Attitude toward death in aged population. Journal of Gerontology, 16, 49-52.
Tomer, A., & Eliason, G. (1996). Toward a comprehensive model of death anxiety. Death Studies, 20(4), 346-365. doi: 10.1080/07481189608252787
Wicaksono, W., & Meiyanto, S. (2003). Ketakutan terhadap kematian ditinjau dari kebijaksanaan dan orientasi religius pada periode remaja akhir yang berstatus mahasiswa. Jurnal Psikologi, 30(1), 57-65.
Yalom, I. (1980). Existential psychoteraphy. New York: Basic Books.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jpsi.32091
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 12573 | views : 15525Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2018 Jurnal Psikologi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Published by Faculty of Psychology Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia Building D 6th Floor No. D-606. Jl. Sosio Humaniora No. 1, Bulaksumur Yogyakarta, 55281 Email: jurnalpsikologi@ugm.ac.id Phone/whatsApp: +6289527548628 |