The Mobilization of Using Cultures and Local Government’s Political-Economy Goals in Post-Reformation Banyuwangi

Ikwan Setiawan; Albert Tallapessy; Andang Subaharianto

doi:10.22146/jh.22561

The Mobilization of Using Cultures and Local Government’s Political-Economy Goals in Post-Reformation Banyuwangi

https://doi.org/10.22146/jh.22561

Ikwan Setiawan^(1*), Albert Tallapessy⁽²⁾, Andang Subaharianto⁽³⁾

(1) Universitas Jember
(2) Universitas Jember
(3) Universitas Jember
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

This article deals with an ethnic identity-based-power through the mobilization of Using cultures in Banyuwangi under local government policies in post-Reformation. By juxtaposing Foucauldian discourse, Gramscian hegemony, and political economy perspective, we discuss some cultural projects conducted by two Banyuwangi regents in post-Reformation periods, Samsul Hadi (2000-2005) and Abdullah Azwar Anas (2010-2015 and re-elected for 2016-2021 period). With different emphasized aspects, both of them created programs, which incorporated and mobilized Using cultures for accomplishing their political economy goals. Samsul legalized Using cultural expression, such as a local dance and language, as the way to strengthen the dominant-ethnic identity and reach consensus for his political authority. In more sparkling activities, Anas has transformed Using identity into various carnival programs, which, in one side, have supported tourism industry and, in other side, have helped him in gaining consensus for his hegemonic position. However, in the context of real cultural empowerment, those programs have not given positive effect for the cultural worker in the grass root.

Keywords

cultural mobilization, cultural policies, identity, political economy, Using

Full Text:

PDF

References

Adorno, Theodor W. (1991). The Culture Industry: selected essays on mass culture. London: Routledge.

Alcoff, Linda Martín, and Satya P. Mohanty (2006). “Reconsidering Identity Politics: An Introduction”. In Linda Martín Alcoff, Michael Hames-García, Satya P. Mohanty, & Paula M. L. Moya (eds). Identity Politics Reconsidered. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Anoegrajekti, Novi (2011). Membaca Tanda-tanda: Estetika Sastra dan Budaya. Jember: Jember University Press.

Anas, Abdullah Azwar (2011). “Opening Speech in Padang Ulan Performance”, 22nd July, the Hall of Tourism and Cultural Board, Banyuwangi.

Basri, Hasan (2008). “Kesepian di Tengah Keramaian”. Retrieved on 1st May 2015, from http:// www.desantara.org/05-2008/781/gandrung-kesepian-di-tengah-keramaian/.

Bhabha, Hommi. K. (1994). The Location of Culture. London: Routledge.

Comaroff, John L. & Jean Comaroff (2006). Ethnicity Inc. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

D’Cruz, Carolyn (2008). Identity Politics in Deconstruction: Calculating with the Incalculable. Hampshire: Ashgate Publishing Limited.

Davidson, Jamie S., David Hanley, & Sandra Moniaga (ed) (2010). Adat dalam Politik Indonesia (Indonesian trans. E.O. Kleden & Nina D). Jakarta: Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia & KITLV-Jakarta.

Effendy, Bisri (2008). “Membaca Pariwisata Seni- Budaya: Tari Gandrung Banyuwangi”. Retrieved on 3rd June 2015, from http:// puspek-averroes.org/2008/05/09/membaca-pariwisata-seni-budaya-tari-gandrung-banyuwangi/.

Foucault, Michel (2002). Arkeologi Pengetahuan. (Indonesian trans. H.M. Mochtar Zoerni). Yogyakarta: Qalam.

Foucault, Michel. (1998). The Will to Knowledge, The History of Sexualities Volume 1 (English trans. Robert Hurley). London: Penguin Books.

Foucault, Michel (1981). “The Order of Discourse”, Inaugural Lecture at the College de France, 2nd December 1976, re-published in Robert Young (ed). Untying the Text: A Post-Structuralist Reader. Boston: Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd.

Garnham, Nicholas (2006). “Contribution to a Political Economy of Mass-Communication”. In Meenakshi Gigi Durham & Douglas M. Kellner (eds). Media and Cultural Studies Keyworks. Victoria: Blackwell Publishing.

Hall, Stuart (1997). “The Work of Representation”. In Stuart Hall (ed). Representation, Cultural Representation and Signifying Practices. London: Sage Publication in association with The Open University.

Howson, Richard & Kylie Smith (ed) (2008). Hegemony: Studies in Consensus and Coercion. London: Routledge.

Lebowitz, Michael (2002). “Karl Marx: The Needs of Capital vs. The Needs of Human Beings”. In Douglas Dowd (ed). Understanding Capitalism: from Karl Marx to Amartya Sen. London: Pluto Press.

Leslie, Esther (2005). “Adorno, Benjamin, Brecht and Film”. In Mike Wayne (ed). Understanding Film: Marxist Perspective. London: Pluto Press.

Louw, Eric. (2001). Media and Cultural Production. London: Sage Publications.

Marx, Karl (1991). The Capital: A Critique of Political Econnomy Volume 3 ((English trans. David Fernbach). London: Penguin Books in association with New Left Review.

--------- (1992). The Capital: A Critique of Political Econnomy Volume 2 (English trans. David Fernbach). London: Penguin Books in association with New Left Review.

Maxwell, Richard (2001). “Why Culture Works”. In Richard Maxwell (ed). Culture Works: The Political Economy of Culture. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Nordholt, Henk Schulte & Gerry van Klinken (ed) (2009). Politik Lokal di Indonesia (Indonesian trans. Bernard Hidayat). Jakarta: Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia & KITLV-Jakarta.

Rachmawati, Ira (2013). “Banyuwangi Raih Tourism Award 2013”. Kompas.com. Retrieved on 15th August 2015, from http://travel.kompas.com/ read/2013/12/22/0745289/Banyuwangi.Raih. Tourism.Award.2013.

---------- (2016). “Empat Strategi Banyuwangi Raih Penghargaan Pariwisata PBB”, Kompas.com. Retrieved on 22nd Januart 2016, http://travel. kompas.com/read/2016/01/22/104123127/ E m p a t . S t r a t e g i . B a n y u w a n g i . R a i h . Penghargaan.Pariwisata.PBB.

Sentot, Hasan. (2008). “Ada Apa dengan Wong Using”. Retrieved on 18th June 2015, from http:// hasansentot2008.blogdetik.com/2009/01/15/ ada-apa-dengan-wong-Using/.

Setiawan, Ikwan & Sutarato (2014). “Transformation of Ludruk Performances: From Political Involvement and State Hegemony to Creative Survival Strategy”. Jurnal Humaniora, Vol. 26, No. 2, 187-202.

Setiawan, Ikwan (2010). “Merah Berpendar di Brang Wetan: Tegangan Politik 65 dan Implikasinya terhadap Industri Musik Banyuwangen.” Jurnal Imaji, Vol. 8, No. 1, 116-135.

Skelton, Tracey & Tim Allen (1999). “Culture and global change: an introduction”. In Tracey Skelton & Tim Allen (eds). Culture and Global Change. London: Routledge.

Subaharianto, Andang (1996). Mitologi Buyut Cili Dalam Pandangan Orang Using di Desa Kemiren Kabupaten Banyuwangi. (Unpublished research report). Lembaga Penelitian Universitas Jember, Jember.

Sutarto, Ayu (2006). “Sekilas tentang Masyarakat Using”. An article presented at Acara Pembekalan Jelajah Budaya 2006, Balai Kajian Sejarah dan Nilai Tradisional Yogyakarta, 7–10 Agustus.

---------- (2003). Etnografi Masyarakat Using. (Unpublished research report). Dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Provinsi Jawa Timur, Surabaya.

Zainuddin, Sodaqoh, et al. (1996). Orientasi Nilai Budaya Using di Kabupaten Banyuwangi. (Unpublished research report) Lembaga Penelitian Universitas Jember, Jember.

Williams, Raymond (2006). “Base/Superstructure in Marxist Cultural Theory”. In Meenakshi Gigi & Douglas M. Kellner. Media and Cultural Studies KeyWorks. Victoria: Blackwell Publishing.

Witkin, Robert W. (2003). Adorno and Popular Culture. London: Routledge.

Wood, Ellen Meiksins (2002). The Origin of Capitalism: A Longer View. London: Verso.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jh.22561