Validity and reliability of knowledge, attitude, and behavior questionnaires on thalassemia

Abstract

Introduction: Thalassemia is among the most specific inherited diseases in the world and quite prevalent in Indonesia. Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) toward Thalassemia are essential regarding the prevention of thalassemia. To assess the KAP toward thalassemia, we have to develop and standardize a valid and reliable questionnaire to measure KAP. In Indonesia, there is no data of a valid and reliable questionnaire about thalassemia. Purpose: This study aimed to test the validity and reliability KAP questionnaire toward Thalassemia and measure Instagram's effectiveness as media education related Thallasemia among medical students. Methods: We utilized a quasi-experiment design type one group pre-post test. Validity was determined using content validity and construct validity, while reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha. Results: The result showed 17 knowledge items retained after item analyses with acceptable validity and reliability. The analyses of attitude and practice items with corrected-item total correlation showed attitude and practice item need for a revision because of that score below <0,249. The Cronbach’s alpha as the questionnaire's reliability was 0,8 for knowledge, -0,008 for attitude, and 0,266 for practice. The study showed that Instagram was useful as education media about Thalassemia. Conclusion: The final instrument consists of 17 knowledge items with validity and reliability for students toward Thalassemia. Instagram, as media education was useful toward Thalassemia.