* Corresponding Author
Produksi Selobiosa dari Hidrolisis Kulit Umbi Singkong dan Uji Aktivitas Prebiotiknya pada Lactobacillus plantarum
https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.58013 Ilham Marvie(1), Aziz Boing Sitanggang(2*), Slamet Budijanto(3)
(1) Program Studi Teknologi Pangan, Jurusan Teknologi Produksi dan Industri, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Jl. Terusan Ryacudu Way Huwi, Lampung Selatan 35365 & Departemen Ilmu dan Teknlogi Pangan, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16002
(2) Departemen Ilmu dan Teknlogi Pangan, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16002
(3) Departemen Ilmu dan Teknlogi Pangan, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16002
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Kulit umbi singkong merupakan salah satu limbah dari industri pengolahan singkong. Eksplorasi dari pemanfaatan selulosa kulit umbi singkong dilakukan untuk mendapatkan peningkatan nilai tambah dan menjawab kebutuhan industri, salah satunya adalah selobiosa sebagai alternatif sumber prebiotik. Selobiosa didapatkan melalui hidrolisis selulosa dengan enzim selulase. Penelitian ini bertujuan memproduksi selobiosa dengan menggunakan kombinasi konsentrasi enzim selulase dan waktu hidrolisis yang tepat, serta menguji aktivitas prebiotik selobiosa yang dihasilkan menggunakan Lactobacillus plantarum. Penelitian ini menggunakan kulit umbi singkong varietas Gajah (GJ-0) dari Sukabumi, Jawa Barat. Metode yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini meliputi karakterisasi bahan baku, ekstraksi selulosa dari kulit singkong, hidrolisis selulosa menjadi selobiosa, pengukuran total gula dan gula pereduksi produk hidrolisis, kinetika reaksi hidrolisis, uji kemampuan tumbuh probiotik dan penentuan skor aktivitas prebiotik. Proses hidrolisis menggunakan enzim selulase berkonsentrasi 1,15 U/mL dan 2,88 U/mL, pH 4,8, suhu 37 °C, kecepatan agitasi 150 rpm, dan diamati selama 24 jam waktu hidrolisis. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa selama 12 jam waktu hidrolisis dapat menghasilkan selobiosa dengan derajat polimerisasi 2,05 pada selulase berkonsentrasi 1,15 U/mL dan 1,94 pada selulase berkonsentrasi 2,88 U/mL. Hidrolisis selama 12 jam dengan konsentrasi enzim 1,15 U/mL meningkatkan kandungan total gula sebesar 516,30±16,57 mg/L dan gula pereduksi sebesar 250,03±9,43 mg/L. Peningkatan penggunaan konsentrasi selulase menjadi 2,88 U/ mL menghasikan kandungan total gula menjadi 592,41±17,81 mg/L dan kandungan gula pereduksi menjadi 304,67±10,70 mg/L. Reaksi hidrolisis selulase mengikuti kinetika reaksi ordo 0 dengan nilai k yang tidak jauh berbeda diantara kedua konsentrasi enzim yang digunakan. Penggunaan konsentrasi enzim sebesar 1,15 U/mL selama 12 jam waktu hidrolisis adalah kombinasi terbaik. Potensi prebiotik dari selobiosa terlihat dengan adanya pertumbuhan Lactobacillus plantarum pada MRS dimana glukosa disubstitusi dengan selobiosa. Produk hidrolisis dengan selulase berkonsentrasi 2,88 U/ml memiliki skor aktivitas prebiotik 0,74 dan lebih tinggi dibandingkan produk hidrolisis dengan konsentrasi selulase 1,15 U/mL, yakni dengan skor 0,60.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.58013
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