Bio-fertilizer Impact on Production Efficiency and Yield of Corn (Zea mays) Cultivars Under Water Deficiency

https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.58541

Elnaz Farajzadeh- Memari-Tabrizi(1*), Marzieh Babashpour-Asl(2)

(1) Department of Agronomy, Malekan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Malekan
(2) Department of Horticultural Science, Maragheh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


The application of bio-fertilizer (Glomus mosseae) and the selection of suitable cultivars are simple solutions to mitigate stress conditions such as water deficiency. This study was conducted in 2016 as a split-plot that was based on randomized complete block design with 3 replications. The effects of irrigation level, bio-fertilizer application and cultivar type on the reproductive efficiency and yield of corn were compared in the field experiment. Irrigation levels (after 70, 110 and 150 mm of pan evaporation) were placed as the main factor in the main plots. Application and non-application of bio-fertilizer (Glomus mosseae) as well as cultivar type (cultivars, 640 and 704) were placed in the subplots to study the physiological differences, reproductive efficiency, and yield of corn. This study showed that the cultivars performed differently in their response to water deficiency. The highest grain yield for 704 cultivars was obtained when we applied irrigation after 70 mm evaporation from pan. When subjected to the treatment of irrigation after 110 and 150 mm evaporation from pan, lower grain yield per unit area of 19% and 50.6%, respectively was recorded. The 640 cultivars produced less yield under full irrigation than 704 cultivars. Water deficiency had no beneficial effects on grain yield per unit area (P > 0.01). It was also observed that bio-fertilizer treatment increased the corn yield by 25.2 %. Water deficiency, bio-fertilizer and cultivar type affected the grain yield as differences were observed in the main components of kernel row number and 100-kernel weight. Water deficiency had no beneficial effects on ‘chlorophyll a’ content, but decreased the content of chlorophyll b. Water deficiency and bio-fertilizer application caused an increase in the catalase and peroxidase content. The best plant per­formance was observed in plants grown under complete bio-fertilizer (704 cultivar) and at after 70 mm irrigation level. Bio-fertilizers can be used in order to improve corn production and also as environmentally friendly fertilizers under deficit irrigation regimes.

Keywords


Bio-fertilizers; corn; water deficiency; cultivar; yield

Full Text:

PDF


References

Abdallah, M. M.,Abd El-Monem, A. A.,Hassanein, R. A., & El-Bassiouny, H. M. S. (2013). Response of sunflower plant to the application of certain vitamins and arbuscular mycorrhiza under different water regimes. Australian Journal of Basic Applied Science, 7(2): 915-932.

Afshar, R. K., Jovini, M. A., Chaichi, M. R., & Hashemi, M. (2014). Grain sorghum response to arbuscular mycorrhiza and phosphorus fertilizer under deficit irrigation. Agronomy Journal, 106(4): 1212-1218. http://doi.org/10.2134/agronj13.0589

Anjum, S.A., Xie, X.Y., Wang, L.C., Saleem, M.F., Man, C., & Lei, W. (2011). Morphological, physiological and biochemical responses of plants to drought stress. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 6(9): 2026-2032. http://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR10.027

Chen, X., Song, F., Liu, F., Tian, C., Liu, S., Xu, H., &Zhu, X. (2014). Effect of different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth and physiology of maize at ambient and low temperature regimes. Hindawi Publishing Corporation,5: 1-8. http://doi.org/10.1155/2014/956141

Chorfi, A., & Taıbi, K. (2011). Biochemical screening for osmotic adjustment of wheat genotypes under drought stress. Tropiculture, 29(2): 82-87.

Dadrasan, M., Chaichi, M. R., Pourbabaee, A. A., Yazdani, D., & Keshavarz-Afshar, R. (2015). Deficit irrigation and biological fertilizer influence on yield and trigonelline production of fenugreek. Industrial Crops Production, 77: 156-162. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.08.040

Farnia, A., & Khodabandehloo, S. (2015). Changes in yield and its components of maize (Zea mays L.) to foliar application of Zinc nutrient and mycorrhiza under water stress condition. International Journal of Life Science, 9(5): 75-80. http://doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i5.12702

Ghobadi, R. P., Shirkhani, S., &Fattahi, K. (2011). Studying the effects of drought stress and nitrogen fertilizer on relative water content of leaf, percentage of carbohydrates, protein, fat and cross grain hectoliter weight of corn single cross 704. The first national conference on new issues in agriculture. Saveh Islamic Azad University.

Jahanzad, E., Jorat, M., Moghadam, H., Sadeghpour, A., Chaichi, M. R., & Dashtaki, M. (2013). Response of a new and a commonly grown forage sorghum cultivar to limited irrigation and planting density. Agricultral Water Management, 117:62-69. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2012.11.001

Khalil, S. E., & El-Noemani, A. S. A. (2015). Effect of bio-fertilizers on growth, yield, water relations, photosynthetic pigments and carbohydrates contents of (Origanum vulgare L.) plants grown under water stress conditions. American Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 9(4): 60-73.

Khoshvaghti, H., Eskandari-Kordlar, M., &Lotfi, R. (2014). Response of maize cultivars to water stress at grain filling phase. Azarian Journal of Agriculture,1(1): 39-42.

Krupnova, O. V. (2010). Relation between grain weight and falling number in soft spring wheat. Russian Agriculture Science 36(5): 321-323. http://doi.org/10.3103/S1068367410050010

Li-Ping, B. A. I., Fang-Gong, S. U. I., Ti-Da, G. E., Zhao-Hui, S. U. N., Yin-Yan, L. U., & Guang-Sheng, Z. H. O. U. (2006). Effect of soil drought stress on leaf water status, membrane permeability and enzymatic antioxidant system of maize. Pedosphere, 16(3): 326-332. http://doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0160(06)60059-3

Lisanti, S., Hall, A. J., & Chimenti, C. A. (2013). Influence of water deficit and canopy senescence pattern on (Helianthus annuus L.) root functionality during the grain-filling phase. Field Crops Research, 154: 1-11. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2013.08.009

Maazou, A. R. S., Tu, J., Qiu, J., & Liu, Z. (2016). Breeding for drought tolerance in maize (Zea mays L.). American Journal of Plant Sciences, 7(14): 48-58. http://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2016.714172

Madani, A., Shirani-Rad, A., Pazoki, A., Nourmohammadi, G., Zarghami, R., & Mokhtassi-Bidgoli, A. (2010). The impact of source or sink limitations on yield formation of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) due to post-anthesis water and nitrogen deficiencies. Plant, Soil & Environment, 56(5): 218-227. http://doi.org/10.17221/217/2009-PSE

Mirzaei, A., Naseri, R., Soleymanifard, A., & Vazan, S. (2011). Effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on agronomic characteristic and root colonization in fennel. Plant Medical, 77(12):5. http://doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1282259

Mohammadai, H., & Shams, A. S. (2012). Evaluation of drought stress effects on yield components and seed yield of three maize cultivars (Zea mays L.) in Isfahan region. International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Science, 4(19): 1436-1439.

Moussa, H. R., &Abdel-Aziz, S. M. (2008). Comparative response of drought tolerant and drought sensitive maize genotypes to water stress. Australian ournal of Crop Science,1(1): 31-36.

Nyaga, J., Muthuri, C. W., Matiru, V. N., Jefwa, J. M., Okoth, S. A., & Wachira, P. (2014). Influence of soil fertility amendment practices on ex-situ utilization of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and performance of maize and common bean in Kenyan highlands. Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems, 17(1): 129-141.

Oskuie, P. A., & Cirus, S. B. (2015). The effect of vesicular-arbuscular (VA) mycorrhizal fungi on vitamin C content of tomato in the presence of lead and different levels of phosphorus. Bulletin of Environment, Pharmacology and Life Sciences, 4: 01-04.

Parniske, M. (2008). Arbuscular mycorrhiza: the mother of plant root endosymbioses. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 6(10): 763. http://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro1987

Robinson, J. P., Nithya, K., Ramya, R., Karthikbalan, B., & Kripa, K. (2014). Effect of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza Glomus fasciculatum on the growth and physiological response in (Sesamum indicum L.) International Letters of Natural Sciences, 23: 47-62. http://doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ILNS.23.47

Šantrůček, J., Vráblová, M., Šimková, M., Hronková, M., Drtinová, M., Květoň, J., & Neuwithová, J. (2014). Stomatal and pavement cell density linked to leaf internal CO2 concentration. Annual Botany, 114(2): 191-202. http://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcu095

Sivagurunathan, P., Sathiyamoorthy, M., &Sivasubramani, K. (2014). Effect of mycorrhizal fungi on growth of (Zea mays L.) plants. International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Science, 1(1): 137-148.

Valentovic, P., Luxova, M., Kolarovic, L., & Gasparikova, O. (2006). Effect of osmotic stress on compatible solutes content, membrane stability and water relations in two maize cultivars. Plant, Soil & Environment, 52(4): 184.

Wu, Q. S. (2011). Mycorrhizal efficacy of trifoliate orange seedlings on alleviating temperature stress. Plant, Soil & Environment, 57(10): 459-464. http://doi.org/10.17221/59/2011-PSE



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.58541

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 2483 | views : 1865

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2021 Elnaz Farajzadeh- Memari-Tabrizi, Marzieh Babashpour-Asl

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

agriTECH has been Indexed by:

Emerging Source Citation Index Directory of Open Access Journals CABI.org Dimensions Google Scholar Sinta Garuda

agriTECH (print ISSN 0216-0455; online ISSN 2527-3825) is published by Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada in colaboration with Indonesian Association of Food Technologies.

website statisticsView My Stats