Identifikasi Gen Transgenik pada Produk Susu Bubuk Kedelai dan Susu Formula Soya dengan Metode PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)

https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.16656

Agustin Krisna Wardani(1*), Annisa Alirsyah(2), Ana Fauziah(3)

(1) Jurusan Teknologi Hasil Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145
(2) Jurusan Teknologi Hasil Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145
(3) Jurusan Teknologi Hasil Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


The need of soybean that reached up to 2,2 million tons per year has made Indonesia imports this commodity 1,62 million tons from countries that adopt Genetically Modified (GM) soybean. By the presence of GM soybeans in Indonesia, Genetically Modified Product (GMP) labelling has need to be done. Detection of GMP can be done by using PCR. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of trangenic genetic material in soy milk powder and soy formula products to classify as GMP. Another goal was to determine the optimum annealing temperature of the primers used. Based on this study, the optimum annealing temperature of the CaMV 35S primer and the EPSPS-CP4 primer was 60oC and 59oC. The NOS terminator primer’s optimum annealing temperature was not found. 6 soy milk powder samples and 5 soy formula samples are might be determined to be using transgenic soybeans due to the presence of EPSPS-CP4 genes and CaMV 35S promotor genes. Therefore, those 11 samples were classified as GMP.


ABSTRAK

 

Kebutuhan kedelai yang mencapai 2,2 juta ton/tahun memaksa Indonesia mengimpor sebanyak 1,62 juta ton. Sebagian besar kedelai impor berupa kedelai transgenik. Dengan munculnya kedelai transgenik di Indonesia, perlu adanya pelabelan Produk Rekayasa Genetika (PRG) untuk memenuhi hak-hak konsumen. Teknik yang dilakukan untuk mendeteksi PRG salah satunya menggunakan metode PCR. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya gen transgenik pada produk susu bubuk kedelai dan formula soya, sehingga produk dapat digolongkan sebagai PRG atau tidak. Selain itu juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui suhu annealing optimum pada primer yang digunakan. Hasil penelitian didapatkan suhu annealing optimum primer CaMV 35S promotor adalah 60oC. Sedangkan untuk primer gen EPSPS-CP4 suhu annealing optimumnya 59oC. Untuk primer NOS terminator suhu annealing optimum tidak ditemukan. Dari amplifikasi DNA sampel, 6 sampel susu bubuk kedelai dan 5 sampel formula soya terdapat sisipan gen EPSPS-CP4 dan gen Promotor CaMV 35S. Dengan demikian 11 sampel tersebut dapat dikatakan sebagai PRG.

 

Kata kunci: Produk rekayasa genetika; PCR; formula soya; susu kedelai bubuk; kedelai transgenik


Keywords


GMO; PCR; soy formula; soy powder milk; transgenic soybean

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.16656

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