Dampak Penerapan Fasilitasi Sarana Pascapanen terhadap Kualitas Jagung (Zea mays L.) di Indonesia

https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.56530

Deasy Fitriati(1*), Vera Ramashinta(2), Hastari Kusumawardhani(3)

(1) Direktorat Pengolahan dan Pemasaran Hasil Tanaman Pangan, Direktorat Jenderal Tanaman Pangan, Kementerian Pertanian, Jl. Raya Ragunan No. 15, Pasar Minggu, Jakarta Selatan 17550
(2) Direktorat Pengolahan dan Pemasaran Hasil Tanaman Pangan, Direktorat Jenderal Tanaman Pangan, Kementerian Pertanian, Jl. Raya Ragunan No. 15, Pasar Minggu, Jakarta Selatan 17550
(3) Direktorat Pengolahan dan Pemasaran Hasil Tanaman Pangan, Direktorat Jenderal Tanaman Pangan, Kementerian Pertanian, Jl. Raya Ragunan No. 15, Pasar Minggu, Jakarta Selatan 17550
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kualitas jagung setelah penerapan fasilitasi sarana pascapanen dari pemerintah.  Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di sentra produksi jagung di Indonesia pada tahun 2017-2019. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode survei dan sampel dipilih berdasarkan metode stratified random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mutu jagung di Indonesia berfluktuatif. Kandungan aflatoksin pada sampel 0,05 μg/kg sampai 976,25 μg/kg dan kandungan biji pecah serta rusak 0 sampai 34,40%. Kontaminasi aflatoksin yang berada di atas 150 μg/kg (batas maksimum pada SNI) sebanyak 5% dari total sampel. Di beberapa provinsi, kandungan aflatoksin, kadar air, biji rusak dan biji pecah tidak masuk dalam persyaratan mutu jagung yang terdapat pada SNI.  Peningkatan mutu jagung belum menjadi prioritas bagi petani dan pedagang. Karena belum adanya insentif terhadap proses pascapanen yang menjaga mutu hasil produksi. Fasilitasi sarana yang berupa mesin pascapanen diberikan pemerintah kepada petani masih sebatas untuk mengurangi losses. Namun, kualitatif losses belum sesuai dengan target yang diinginkan. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan oleh pembuat kebijakan untuk keberhasilan pelaksanaan program di masa yang akan datang.

Keywords


Aflaktoksin; sarana pascapanen; kualitas jagung

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.56530

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