Glycerolysis-intertesterification of Palm Stearin and Nyamplung Oil Mixture in High Shear Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor

https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.72640

Bonifasius Rionaldo(1), Rini Yanti(2), Chusnul Hidayat(3*)

(1) Department of Food Technology and Agricultural Products, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281
(2) Department of Food Technology and Agricultural Products, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281
(3) Department of Food Technology and Agricultural Products, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Glycerolysis-interesterification can be used for the synthesis of products containing high total Mono- and Diacylglycerol (MDAG). Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the synthesis of products rich in MDAG content using glycerolysis-interesterification method in High Shear Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (HS-CSTR). The impact of varying material flow rates (6, 10, 14, 18, and 22 mL/min) and processing time on the concentration of MDAG, physical properties of the resulting product, and consistency of product quality throughout the process were assessed. Furthermore, glycerolysis-interesterification reaction was performed at a temperature of 120 °C, with a glycerol and oil mixture mole ratio of 1:5 (mol/mol), 3% NaOH, and a stirring speed of 2000 rpm. Oil mixture consisted of Palm Stearin (PS) and Nyamplung oil (Calophyllum inophyllum) (MC) with a PS:MC mole ratio of 80:20 (mol/mol). Subsequently, the acylglycerol concentration and physical properties of the product were analyzed. The results showed that the material flow rate had a significant effect on MDAG and the physical properties of the product. The highest MDAG was obtained at a flow rate of 6 mL/min with content of 58.56±0.91%, and Slip Melting Point (SMP) of 41.44±0.08 °C and 42.9±0.03 °C. The hardness, emulsion capacity, and stability values were 10.88±0.22 N, 85.2±6.93%, and 88.7±5.00%, respectively. The acylglycerol concentration and physical properties of the product did not significantly fluctuate throughout the process, indicating that the process had achieved a steady state condition.

Keywords


Glycerolysis-interesterification; High shear continuous stirred tank reactor; Mono- and diacylglycerol; Nyamplung oil; Palm stearin

Full Text:

PDF


References

Arum, A. P., Hidayat, C. & Supriyanto. (2019). Synthesis of Emulsifier from Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Stearin by Chemical Glycerolysis in Stirred Tank Reactor. UGM Annual Scientific Conference Life Sciences, KnE Life Sciences, 130–148. http://doi.org/10.18502/kls.v4i11.3859

Bôas, R. N. V., Lima, R., Silva, M. V. C., Freitas, L., Aguiar, L. G., & de Castro, H. F. (2021). Continuous production of monoacylglycerol via glycerolysis of babassu oil by immobilized Burkholderia cepacia lipase in a packed bed reactor. Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, 44, 2205–2215.

DeGarmo, E. P., Sullivan, W. G. & Canada, C. R. (1984). Engineering Economy. 7th edition Mc Millan Publ. Co. New York.

Devi, A. & Khatkar, B. S. (2017). Thermo-Physical Properties of Fats and Oils. International Journal of Engineering and Technical Research (IJETR), 7(2), 45–50.

Gole, V. L. & Gogate, P. R. (2014). Intensification of glycerolysis reaction of higher free fatty acid containing sustainable feedstock using microwave irradiation. Fuel Processing Technology, 118, 110–116.

Hasibuan, S. & Buana, U. M. (2013). Karakteristik fisikokimia dan antibakteri hasil purifikasi minyak biji nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.). Agritech, 33(3), 311–319. https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.9553

Hobuss, C. B., Da Silva, F. A., Dos Santos, M. A. Z., De Pereira, C. M. P., Schulz, G. A. S. & Bianchini, D. (2020). Synthesis and characterization of monoacylglycerols through glycerolysis of ethyl esters derived from linseed oil by green processes. RSC Advances, 10(4), 2327–2336. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ra07834g

Jin, Y., Yuan, Y., Gao, L., Sun, R., Chen, L., Li, D. & Zheng, Y. (2017). Characterization and functional analysis of a type 2 diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT2) gene from oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) mesocarp in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01791

Kadivar, S., Clercq, N., Dewettinck, K., & Mokbul, M. (2016). Influence of enzymatically produced sunflower oil based cocoa butter equivalents on the phase behavior of cocoa butter and quality of dark chocolate. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 66, 48–55.

Kim, B. H. & Akoh, C. C. (2015). Recent research trends on the enzymatic synthesis of structured lipids. Journal of Food Science, 80(8), 1713–1724.

Mamuaja, C. F. (2017). Lipida. Unsrat Press, 1(1), 1–119.

Mándity, I. M., Otvos, S. B., & Fullop, F. (2015). Strategic application of residence-time control in continuous-flow reactors. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. Chemistry Open, 4, 212–223.

Norazlina, M. R., Jahurul, M. H. A, Hasmadi, M., Mansoor, A. H., Norliza, J., Patricia, M., Ramlah, G. M. R., Noorakmar, A. W., Lee, J. S., Fan, H. Y. (2021). Trends in blending vegetable fats and oils for cocoa butter alternative application: A review. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 116, 102–114.

Satriana, Arpi, N., Lubis, Y. M., Adisalamun, Supardan, M. D., & Mustapha, W. A. W. (2016). Diacylglycerol-enriched oil production using chemical glycerolysis. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 118(12), 1880–1890. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.201500489

Subroto, E., Wisamputri, M. F., Supriyanto, Utami, T., & Hidayat, C. (2020). Enzymatic and chemical synthesis of high mono and diacylglycerol from palm stearin and olein blend at different types of reactor stirrers. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 19(1), 31–36. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssas.2018.05.003

Subroto, E., Supriyanto, Utami, T., & Hidayat, C. (2019). Enzymatic glycerolysis–interesterification of palm stearin–olein blend for synthesis structured lipid containing high mono- and diacylglycerol. Food Science Biotechnology, 28(2), 511–517. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-018-0462-6

Tamminen, J. & Koiranen, T. (2015). Mixing performance comparison of milliscale continuous high-shear mixers. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 93, 2245–2252. https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.22327

Wangi, I. P., Supriyanto, S., Sulistyo, H., & Hidayat, C. (2022). Sodium silicate catalyst for synthesis monoacylglycerol and diacylglycerol-rich structured lipids: product characteristic and glycerolysis–interesterification kinetics. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 17(2), 250–262. https://doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.17.2.13306.250-262

Zhang, Z., Ma, X., Huang, H., Li, G., & Wang, Y. (2017). Enzymatic production of highly unsaturated monoacyglycerols and diacylglycerols and their emulsifying effects on the storage stability of a palm oil based shortening system. Journal of the American Oil and Chemists Society, 94(9), 1175–1188. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746- 017-3023-x



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.72640

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 1183 | views : 688

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2023 Rini Yanti, Bonifasius Rionaldo, Chusnul Hidayat

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

agriTECH has been Indexed by:

Emerging Source Citation Index Directory of Open Access Journals CABI.org Dimensions Google Scholar Sinta Garuda

agriTECH (print ISSN 0216-0455; online ISSN 2527-3825) is published by Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada in colaboration with Indonesian Association of Food Technologies.

website statisticsView My Stats