Uji Performansi Mesin Penepung Tipe Disc (Disc Mill) untuk Penepungan Juwawut (Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauvois)
Parlaungan Adil Rangkuti(1*), Rokhani Hasbullah(2), Kaltika Setya Utami Sumariana(3)
(1) Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus Darmaga P.O. Box 220, Bogor 16002
(2) Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus Darmaga P.O. Box 220, Bogor 16002
(3) Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus Darmaga P.O. Box 220, Bogor 16002
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Juwawut is a food from the grains includes in Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauvois species. Juwawut in the form of flourhas long been a food ingredient in various countries such as in South-Eastern Europe, North Africa, Northern China, and India. Performance test needs to be conducted, includes characteristics of the engine: capacity, yield, shrinkage scattered, power requirements, efficiency and quality of the flour: particle size, degree of fineness, and moisture content of flour. Disc mill performance test conducted by using 1 kg of juwawut seed per treatment with four rolling speed or rotation per minute (rpm): 1,425, 2,850, 4,750, and 5,700 rpm, and using 80 and 100 mesh sieve. The perfomance test result showed that optimum capacity obtained at 5,700 rpm using 80 mesh sieve: engine capacity 20.43 kg/hour, engine yield 91.66%, and shrinkage scattered 1.77 %. Mill engine at 5,700 rpm with 80 mesh sieve and using 3 phase electric motor needs 519 watt of power with 0.20 % efficiency. As the quality of the flour showed that particle size around0.016 inch, degree of fineness 96.25%, moisture of flour 8.80% of average with intial moisture content of juwawut seed12.03% (wet basis). Based on analysis of variance and Duncam further test rpm treatment was significantly different to mill capacity and yield. For shrinkage scattered analysis showed that rpm treatment of 2,840 is not significantly different to rpm treatment of 4,750, but significantly different to 5,700 rpm treatment.
ABSTRAK
Juwawut merupakan bahan pangan dari biji-bijian termasuk dalam spesies Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauvois. Juwawutdalam bentuk tepung telah lama menjadi bahan pangan di berbagai negara seperti di Eropa bagian tenggara, Afrika Utara, Cina bagian utara, dan India. Uji performansi mesin penepung tipe disc meliputi karakteristik mesin yakni kapasitas, rendemen, susut tercecer, kebutuhan tenaga dan efisiensi serta kualitas tepung yakni ukuran partikel, derajat kehalusan dan kadar air tepung. Uji performansi dilakukan dengan menggunakan biji juwawut seberat satu kg tiap perlakuan dengan empat kecepatan putar atau rotasi per menit (rpm) yakni 1.425, 2.850, 4.750 dan 5.700 rpm serta menggunakan saringan 80 dan 100 mesh. Hasil pengujian performansi mesin penepung menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas optimum diperoleh pada 5.700 rpm dengan menggunakan saringan 80 mesh yakni kapasitas mesin 20,43 kg/jam, rendemen mesin 91,6 6 %, dan susut tepung tercecer 1,77 %. Mesin penepung pada 5.700 rpm dengan saringan 80 mesh dan menggunakan motor listrik 3 fasa membutuhkan daya sebesar 519 watt dengan efisiensi motor listrik 0,20 %. Ditinjau dari segi kualitas tepung menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan ukuran partikel tepung yang dihasilkan berukuran berkisar 0,016 inchi, derajat kehalusan tepung 96,25 % dengan kadar air tepung rata-rata 6,80 % dengan kadar air awal biji juwawut 12,03 %. Berdasarkan analisa sidik ragam dan uji lanjut Duncan, perlakuan rpm berbeda nyata terhadap kapasitas penepungan dan rendemen penepungan. Untuk analisa susut tepung tercecer menunjukan bahwa perlakuan pada 2.840 rpm tidak berbeda nyata terhadap perlakuan pada 4.750 rpm, namun berbeda nyata terhadap perlakuan pada5.700 rpm.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.9658
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 12606 | views : 14015Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2012 Parlaungan Adil Rangkuti, Rokhani Hasbullah, Kaltika Setya Utami Sumariana
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
agriTECH has been Indexed by:
agriTECH (print ISSN 0216-0455; online ISSN 2527-3825) is published by Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada in colaboration with Indonesian Association of Food Technologies.