Penentuan Tingkat Beban Kerja dan Waktu Istirahat Berdasarkan Kriteria Fisiologis dan Postur Kerja Pekerja (Studi Kasus pada UKM Mi Kricak Yogyakarta)

https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.9746

Rizky L.R. Silalahi(1*), Guntarti Tatik Mulyati(2), A.M. Madyana(3)

(1) Jurusan Teknologi Industri Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281
(2) Jurusan Teknologi Industri Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281
(3) Jurusan Teknologi Industri Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


One important factor on the industrial production process is worker. Workers’ workload, resting time, and work fatigue need to be considered because they affects the continuity of the company. UKM Mi Kricak is an industry that all work is done manually. This study aims to determine the workers’ workload level and resting time. Physiological criteria measured were heart beat, Circadian rhythm, and sleepiness rate. The pattern movement of heart beat during work was observed, then the energy consumption and rest period required calculated. Workers’ sleepiness level during work observed using the Stanford Sleepinees Scale method. Movement patterns in body temperature observed during work to find workers’ Circadian rhythms and determine the rest hour. Analysis of working postures performed using the Rapid Entire Body Analysis (REBA) to know if there are necessary repairs for work postures. The results showed that the workload level of the fifth worker is low. Rest period calculated of the workers’ is negative, then the fifth workers do not need rest. If necessary, the proposed rest hour based on observed physiological criteria should be given at 18:00. Working posture on some elements of workers’ work also needs to be repaired because of the high risk of causing injury.

 

ABSTRAK

Salah satu faktor penting proses produksi suatu industri adalah pekerja. Beban kerja, waktu istirahat, dan kelelahan kerja pekerja perlu diperhatikan karena berpengaruh terhadap kelangsungan perusahaan. UKM Mi Kricak merupakan salah satu industri pangan yang semua pekerjaan dilakukan manual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat beban kerja pekerja dan merancang jam istirahat pekerja. Kriteria fisiologis yang diamati adalah denyut jantung, ritme Circadian, dan tingkat mengantuk. Pola pergerakan denyut jantung selama bekerja diamati kemudian dihitung konsumsi energi dan waktu istirahat yang diperlukan. Tingkat mengantuk pekerja selama bekerja diamati menggunakan metode Stanford Sleepinees Scale. Pola pergerakan suhu tubuh selama bekerja diamati untuk mengetahui ritme Circadian pekerja dan menentukan jam istirahat. Analisis postur kerja dilakukan menggunakan metode Rapid Entire Body Analysis (REBA) untuk diketahui apakah perlu dilakukan perbaikan postur kerja. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat beban kerja kelima pekerja tergolong rendah. Lama waktu istirahat kelima pekerja bernilai negatif, maka kelima pekerja tidak membutuhkan istirahat. Apabila diperlukan, jam istirahat usulan berdasarkan kriteria fisiologis yang diamati sebaiknya diberikan pada pukul 18:00. Postur kerja pada beberapa elemen kerja pekerja juga perlu diperbaiki karena berisiko tinggi menimbulkan cedera.


Keywords


Circadian; heart beat; REBA; sleepines

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.9746

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Copyright (c) 2012 Rizky L.R. Silalahi, Guntarti Tatik Mulyati, A.M. Madyana

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agriTECH (print ISSN 0216-0455; online ISSN 2527-3825) is published by Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada in colaboration with Indonesian Association of Food Technologies.


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